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Exploration of architectural

complexity through timber


gridshell design
Philippe Charest
2017-04-05
Renewed interest for shells

ICD/ITKE 2011 Pavilion ICD/ITKE 2014 Pavilion ICD/ITKE 2016 Pavilion

From: http://icd.uni-stuttgart.de/?cat=6 and http://www.achimmenges.net/?cat=236


Renewed interest for gridshells

Lecce 2011 Toledo 2012 Milan 2013

Values:
• minimal use of materials
• structural efficiency
• potential for quick and cost effective construction
• natural expression of geometry
From: http://www.gridshell.it/category/structures/
Elastic gridshells

Properties:
• assemblage of members that form a grid pattern with quadrilateral cells
• internal forces have to follow a restricted number of paths
• gridshell are in axial compression
• strength through double curvature

From: http://www.wealddown.co.uk/explore/buildings/further-reading/assembling-grid/?building=301
Rigid gridshells

Differences with elastic gridshells:


• cells are triangular or hexahedrons and therefore cannot be deformed
• surface cannot be flattened into a 2D lattice

From: http://www.fosterandpartners.com/projects/great-court-at-the-british-museum/
http://magazine.cocontest.com/2016/02/19/nature-inspired-architecture-towards-amazing-buildings/
http://aasarchitecture.com/2013/06/sutd-library-gridshell-pavilion-by-city-form-lab.html
1. Shape
Complexity levels

F1 F2 F3 F4
Simple curvature Double curvature Free form Free form with eyes
Form finding experiments

Heinz Isler Frei Otto


Soap films + metal frames

Chilton, J. (2010). Heinz Isler’s infinite spectrum form finding in design. In R. Oxman & R. Oxman (Eds.), The new structuralism : design, engineering and
architectural technologies. Hoboken, N.J: Wiley. p.70.
Otto, F. (1990). IL 25 : Experiments Form – Force – Mass 5. Institut for Lightweight Structure. Stuttgart. p.55 et p.67
Hanging chain models

Church of Colònia Güell model Mannheim multihall model

From: http://dataphys.org/list/gaudis-hanging-chain-models/
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214399815300011
Inversion principle
Digital exploration

Form finding with Kangaroo


2. Structure
Complexity levels

S1 S2 S3 S4
Equidistance Orthogonality Deviation Intersection
Grid deformation

Tiré de: http://seedesignstudio.co.uk/creation/


Hybrid system
Genetic algorithms
3. Materiality
Complexity levels

M1 M2 M3 M4
Homogeneity Selection Heterogeneity Composition
Wood as composite material

Softwood Hardwood

Tiré de: Ménard, Sylvain (2015) Cours 4: Essences de bois, Propriétés et produits du bois, UQAC
Material complexity
Prototyping
Demo + Workshop

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