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This document provides an executive summary of a book that captures experiences and lessons learned from the Philippine government's implementation of disaster risk reduction and management in the aftermath of Typhoon Yolanda in 2013. The summary discusses four key topics:
1) An overview of RA 10121, the Philippine's comprehensive disaster risk reduction and management law, and how Typhoon Yolanda exposed gaps in its implementation.
2) A description of the book's focus on documenting the experiences on the ground during and after the typhoon across four thematic areas: prevention and mitigation, preparedness, response, and rehabilitation/recovery.
3) Details about the government's clustering of agencies into different areas of responsibility to
This document provides an executive summary of a book that captures experiences and lessons learned from the Philippine government's implementation of disaster risk reduction and management in the aftermath of Typhoon Yolanda in 2013. The summary discusses four key topics:
1) An overview of RA 10121, the Philippine's comprehensive disaster risk reduction and management law, and how Typhoon Yolanda exposed gaps in its implementation.
2) A description of the book's focus on documenting the experiences on the ground during and after the typhoon across four thematic areas: prevention and mitigation, preparedness, response, and rehabilitation/recovery.
3) Details about the government's clustering of agencies into different areas of responsibility to
This document provides an executive summary of a book that captures experiences and lessons learned from the Philippine government's implementation of disaster risk reduction and management in the aftermath of Typhoon Yolanda in 2013. The summary discusses four key topics:
1) An overview of RA 10121, the Philippine's comprehensive disaster risk reduction and management law, and how Typhoon Yolanda exposed gaps in its implementation.
2) A description of the book's focus on documenting the experiences on the ground during and after the typhoon across four thematic areas: prevention and mitigation, preparedness, response, and rehabilitation/recovery.
3) Details about the government's clustering of agencies into different areas of responsibility to
RA 10121 – Asia’s first comprehensive disaster and risk reduction management natural hazards from occurring, we can avert disasters from happening. Generally thus, the book aims to (1) document the Yolanda law. experience (including good practices and/or case stories) using the four thematic areas In November of 2013, the law was put to a as a general framework; (2) identify gaps test. The world’s second most devastating under the existing DRRM set-up, typhoon Haiyan – locally known as Yolanda mechanisms, and policies vis-à-vis RA – struck the country, affecting nearly 16 10121 and the National DRRM Framework million people. In its wake, over 6,000 were Plan; (3) extract key lessons which will serve found dead, some of them were nowhere to as inputs to the recovery plan and possible be found. Somehow, the statute is found revisions needed in the existing set of DRRM wanting. It failed to measure up to its purpose policies, plans, and programs in the country; to reduce the vulnerability of people in many and (4) identify and share key learnings and stricken areas. Evidently, the government is challenges with the wider international attuned more to disaster preparedness and DRRM community, particularly in the responses rather than prevention and ASEAN. reduction of risk. The concept of the project called, “Learning Y (It Happened) from Typhoon Yolanda” pointed out that, ‘The impact of the disaster highlighted a This book captures our experiences and number of gaps in the existing DRRM lessons learned in government’s (Disaster Risk Reduction and Management) implementation of disaster risk reduction and system and set of capacities from the management system. Written in a narrative national to the local DRRM councils and but straightforward manner, the stories are related institutions and/or organizations.’ based on first-hand account of the survivors, rescuers, and volunteers, extensive It further said, ‘With this and other typhoons interviews, community conversations and of similar strength, key stakeholders, focused group discussions. It unveils especially members of the local and interesting insights as to what actually international communities, civil society happened on the ground. organizations, local government units, and national government agencies need to reflect Typhoon Yolanda taught us that the on what happened and identify how best they institutional state of disaster risk reduction can work together and build back forward, and management in the country leaves more not only in the areas hit by Yolanda, but more to be desired, while the law, framework and importantly, in the institutional mechanisms, plans are in place, its implementation policies, and programs so that the country remains a challenge both at the national and can better reduce the risks of disasters to its local levels. The book provides important people, especially the most vulnerable.’ analyses and evaluations of government’s actions before, during and after Typhoon The framework and methodology in putting Yolanda. together this modest volume, which were anchored on the four thematic areas of the According to Usec. Alexander P. Pama, the DRRM law: Prevention and Mitigation, Office of Civil Defense (OCD) executive Preparedness, Response, and director at the time, the book’s contents are Rehabilitation and Recovery, underlines all meant to assist in the formulation of the comprehensive scope of the project DRRM policies that will address the identified despite the challenge of a short time frame. gaps. The ‘Y It Happened’ is a reminder to everyone that while we cannot prevent THE TOP BARRISTERS’ NOTES ON DRRM LAW OF 2010 2 The research was also guided by the among key stakeholders will contribute to following definitions of the four thematic successful disaster response operations and areas in relation to priorities: Prevention and its smooth transition towards early and long- Mitigation provides key strategic actions term recovery work. that give importance to activities revolving around hazards evaluation and mitigation, Rehabilitation and Recovery cover areas vulnerability analyses, identification of like employment and livelihoods, hazard-prone areas, and mainstreaming infrastructure and lifeline facilities, and DRRM into development plans. housing and resettlement, among others. These are recovery efforts done when It is based on sound and scientific analysis of people are already outside of the evacuation the different underlying factors which centers. Although the stories that had contribute to the vulnerability of the people emerged from the data gathering process did and eventually, their risks and exposure to not cover the fourth thematic area given the hazards and disasters. Preparedness are limited coverage of the research, a number the key strategic actions that give importance of areas demonstrated initial gains in to activities revolving around community rehabilitation and recovery. awareness and understanding, contingency planning, conduct of local drills, and the The whole narrative covers various styles of development of a national disaster response governance and DRRM levels from the plan. Risk-related information coming from national down to the regional and local levels the prevention and mitigation aspect is and reflects direct knowledge and necessary for the preparedness activities to understanding not only about how the natural be responsive to the needs of the people and event occurred but about processes and to the situation on the ground. protocols as well.
Also, the policies, budget, and institutional
mechanisms established under the prevention and mitigation priority area will be further enhanced through capacity-building activities and development of coordination mechanisms. Through these, coordination, complementation, and interoperability of work in DRRM operations and essential services will be ensured. Behavioral change created by the preparedness aspect was eventually measured by how well people responded to the disasters. At the frontlines of preparedness are the local government Figure 1: Disaster Management Approaches Then and Now. units, local chief executives, and communities.
Response refers to activities during the
actual response operations: from needs assessment and search and rescue to relief operations and early recovery. The success and realization of this priority rely heavily on the completion of the activities under both prevention and mitigation and preparedness aspects including, among others, the coordination and communication mechanisms. On-the-ground partnerships and vertical and horizontal coordination work Figure 2: DRRM Priorities After Typhoon Yolanda in 2013.
THE TOP BARRISTERS’ NOTES ON DRRM LAW OF 2010 3
In the aftermath of the harshest calamity to hit the Philippines in recent years, government agencies are now clustered to different areas of responsibilities if and when natural disasters will strike again.
Figure 6: Various recommendations and Action Plans.
Figure 3: The Schematic Clusters Organized to Respond to
Government’s Recovery and Rehabilitation Efforts.
Figure 7: Proposed Framework of the Recovery Program.
Figure 4: The Damage Wrought by the Super-Typhoon in
Tacloban, Leyte.
Figure 5: Over a Century Before, the Same Areas Were
Figure 8: The Transition Plan. Likewise Hit by a Super-Typhoon.
THE TOP BARRISTERS’ NOTES ON DRRM LAW OF 2010 4
NDRRMP 2011-2028
The National Disaster and Risk Reduction
Management Plan is mandated by RA 10121. This is owing to the results of the studies indicating the country’s vulnerabilities to natural disasters and calamities such as the screenshots below:
Figure 10: The Schematic Diagram Indicating the Need to
Formulate a More Pro-Active and Comprehensive NDRRM Plans.
The NDRRMP likewise requires telecoms
companies to provide services in times of disasters and calamities pursuant to RA 10639, as hereunder shown:
Figure 11: RA 10121 Seems Sound as a Policy but the
Implementation Thereof Still Leaves Room to Be Desired.
The NDRRM Law envisions nothing but
national resilience and safety for the whole Philippine society like this:
Figure 9: The Above Graphical Screenshots Show the
Philippines' Susceptibility to Rain-Induced Flood, Volcanic Eruption and Earthquakes.