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Hydraulic Axial Piston Pumps, Theory of Operation by Delta Q
> Calculators
> Distributors Axial Piston Pumps are highly efficient pumping units capable of high pressures and
flows.
> Manufacturers
> New Products An axial piston pump with load sense offers flow on demand and with a closed center control
> News valve, little heat is generated when the pump is destroked because no fluid is moved.
> Service Fixed displacement pumps must continually pump fluid back to tank through an open center
valve. The heat generated even when no load is on the pump represents power loss and
> Shop higher operating costs for fixed displacement pumps.
> Software
Because of their superior efficiency, small size and weight, and because of today's
> Trade Shows
increased costs of fuel and energy; axial piston pumps are being more frequently specified
> Training in applications once filled by fixed displacement vane or gear pumps.
> Free Stuff
Once axial piston pumps were found primarily in aerospace applications, today these
> Links
efficient pumps are found everywhere...in large presses, in hydrostatic drives, steering
PARTNERS
assemblies
- all sorts of stationary and mobile applications.
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The very small hole near the intake port allows any
fluid
trapped in the bore to escape into the case as the
piston fully bottoms in the cylinder block.
but at the
same time, the spring is pushed against the snap
ring forcing the entire cylinder block toward the valve
plate.
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The biggest advantage of threadless couplings is the reduced time and expense needed to
install hydraulic hose and tubing assemblies, and the improved accessibility to the hydraulic
system.
Certain kinds of equipment, such as skid steers, are compact in design and have little room
for the plumbing and routing of hydraulic sub-systems, which must be designed into tighter
spaces where they are subject to heat build-up and other stresses.
Installations with conventional threaded fittings can take several minutes or even hours, and
they are subject to leaks because of torquing inconsistencies and other variables. On the
other hand, threadless couplings allow even confined, difficult-to-reach connections be
completed in minutes.
Instead of screwing on the threaded connector and tightening it with a wrench, threadless
connecting halves -- the male end and the adapter -- simply push together to form a leak-
free connection. A snap ring positively engages the male and female halves, without any
assembly tools. Some threadless coupling designs do require a special tool for removal,
however.
For additional information about Gates Quick-Lok threadless couplings, contact your Gates
Fluid Power division distributor or sales representative. On the Web, go to
www.gates.com/quicklok
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Here s why.
Although most American-made hydraulic hoses, and many imported hoses, are built to
confirm to SAE (Society of Automotive Engineers) specifications, the SAE allows a whole
range of materials to be used.
Hoses from various manufacturers may have comparable dimensions and constructions
(SAE), but different rubber compounds and tolerance dimensions (non-SAE).
Summarily, each manufacturer designs a coupling to properly fit its own hose manufacturing
tolerances. Also, the proliferation of thread ends from around the world in recent years has
dramatically increased the possibility of mismatching threads and seats on various
couplings.
An improperly coupled hose will likely fail (blow off; leakage) causing downtime and possible
personal injury.
Finally, it's important to: 1) use the crimping equipment of the hose/coupling manufacturer;
and 2) always follow the crimp and assembly recommendations of the hose/coupling
manufacturer.
When attaching a coupling, it s best to use the torque values supplied by the coupling
manufacturer.
The minimum value will create a leak-proof seal under most conditions. Applying torque
values greater than the maximum recommendation will distort or crack the fitting.
When tightening couplings, make sure that the hose does not twist on the adapter. Twisting
will shorten hose life and scar the sealing surfaces of swivel-type couplings (JIC, 45°, etc.),
which can create leaks.
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For straight couplings, use a torque wrench on the hex-swivel nut and a standard box-
wrench on the stem hex.
When a crowfoot wrench is used with a torque wrench, adjustments to the torque readings
must be made, otherwise over-tightening will occur.
By replacing staked- and tube-nut JIC style couplings with Gates Full-Torque Nut
hydraulic couplings, design engineers can dramatically reduce hydraulic leaks due to over-
torquing.
http://www.hydraulicsonline.net/training.html 6/11/2010