Global divide: The north and the south
Bangkok by the five original member countries:
 Global Divide talks about the gap between the
rich industrialized countries and the poor
developing countries.
 That is dividing into the Northern and Southern
Hemisphere of the Earth and is the socio-
economic and political categorization of
countries.
 The Cold-War-Era generalization places
countries in two distinct groups; the North and
the South.
 The North is compromise of all First World
countries and most Second World countries
while the South is compromise of Third World
countries.
 The difference is the wealth between the North
and the South divide.
 Global North includes North America, Western
Europe, Japan and Australia which has a high
standard of living and high literacy rates.
 Global South includes Latin America, Africa,
and ASIA which are developing and poor.
NORTH
 Less Population
 High wealth
 High Standard of living
 High Industrial development
 Industry
SOUTH
 Large Population
 Low wealth
 Low Standard of living
 Low Industrial development
 Agriculture
 Arose during the Cold War of the mid-20 th
century. During this time, countries were
primarily categorized according to their
alignment between Russian East and the
American West. It is the origin of dividing
countries into north and south.
 “First World” refers to so called developed,
capitalist, industrial countries, roughly, a bloc of
countries aligned with the United States after
World War II, with more or less common
political and economic interest. (Capitalist)
 “Second World” refers to the former communist-
socialist, industrial states, (formerly the Eastern
bloc, the territory and sphere of influence of the
Union of Soviet Socialist Republic) today:
Russia, Eastern Europe (e.g Poland) and some of
the Turk States (e.g., Kazakhstan) as well as
China. (Communist)
 “Third World” are all other countries, today often
used to roughly describe the developing countries
of Africa, ASIA and Latin America.
(Developing)
ASIAN REGIONALISM
 Asian Regionalism is the product of economic
interaction, not political planning. As a result of
successful, outward-oriented growth strategies,
Asian economies have grown not only richer, but
also closer together.
 The Association of Southeast Asian Nations
(ASEAN) is a regional grouping that promotes
economic, political, and security cooperation
among its ten members: Brunei, Cambodia,
Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, the
Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam.
 ASEAN was established on 8 August 1967 in
Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, and
Thailand. Brunei Darussalam joined on 8 January
1984, Vietnam on 28 July 1995, Laos and
Myanmar on 23 July 1997, and Cambodia on 30
April 1999.
 FOUNDING MEMBER OF ASEAN
o Indonesia's Adam Malik
o Philippines' Narciso R. Ramos
o Malaysia's Tun Abdul Razak
o Singapore's S. Rajaratnam
o Thailand's Thanat Khoman
 The ASEAN Emblem represents a stable,
peaceful, united and dynamic ASEAN. The
colours of the Emblem — blue, red, white and
yellow — represent the main colours of the state
crests of all the ASEAN Member States.
 3. The blue represents peace and stability. Red
depicts courage and dynamism, white shows
purity and yellow symbolizes prosperity.
 The ASEAN Emblem is the reserved copyright
of ASEAN.
The Global Media Culture
 Media are the communication outlets or tools
used to store and deliver information or data.
 Traditional Media or Old media include print
media such as books, Newspaper, magazines
Newsletters, Scholarly, Journals, Pamphlets,
Fliers, Broadsides, Billboards, Etc.
 NEW MEDIA, means of mass communication
using digital technologies such as the internet.
Technology:
Telephone, Computers, Social Media, Mobile
Phones

HISTORY OF MEDIA
 Pre-Industrial is a time before there were
machines and tools to help perform tasks on
mass.
 The Industrial Age is defined by mass
production, broadcasting the rise of the nation
state, power modern machine and running water.
 The definition of electronic age in the dictionary
is the electronic age the electronic age began
when electronic equipment, including computers
came into use.
 Digital age. noun. The digital age, also called
the information age, is defined as the time period
starting in the 1970s with the introduction of the
personal computer with subsequent technology
introduced providing the ability to
transfer information freely and quickly.
 Media Imperialism is a theory based upon an
over-concentration of mass media from larger
nations as a significant variable in negatively
affecting smaller nations, in which the national
identity of smaller nations is lessened or lost due
to media homogeneity inherent in mass media
from the larger countries.
Globalization of Religion
 Religions have crossed many boundaries,
having been spread by immigrants,
refugees, aggressors, or by the founders of
this country. Ultimately, cultural
differences have changed religious beliefs
and traditions within religious practices.
Global City
5 Major Religions in the World
 HINDUISM - is the world’s oldest religion,
according to many scholars, with roots and
customs dating back more than 4,000 years.
Roughly 95 percent of the world’s Hindus live in
India.
 BUDDHISM - is a faith that was founded by
Siddhartha Gautama (“the Buddha”) more than
2,500 years ago in India. With about 470 million
followers, scholars consider Buddhism one of the
major world religions. Its practice has historically
been most prominent in East and Southeast Asia,
but its influence is growing in the West.
 JUDAISM - Jewish people believe there’s only What is the purpose of global city?
one God who has established a covenant—or
special agreement—with them. Their God
communicates to believers through prophets and
rewards good deeds while also punishing evil.
 CHRISTIANITY - Christianity is the most
Characteristics of Global City
widely practiced religion in the world, with more
than 2 billion followers. The Christian faith
centers on beliefs regarding the birth, life, death
and resurrection of Jesus Christ. While it started
with a small group of adherents, many historians
regard the spread and adoption of Christianity
throughout the world as one of the most
successful spiritual missions in human history.
 ISLAM - Islam is the second largest religion in
the world after Christianity, with about 1.8
billion Muslims worldwide. Although its roots go
back further, scholars typically date the creation
of Islam to the 7th century, making it the
youngest of the major world religions.
INDICATORS FOR GLOBALITY
 A global city, is also called a power city, world
city, alpha city or world center.
 Sociologist Saskia Sassen popularized the term "
Global city" in the 1990’s
 She initially identified three global cities, “New
York, London and Tokyo
 New york has the New York stock exchanges
(NYSE)
 London has the financial time stock exchanges
(FTSE)
 Tokyo has the Nikkei.
 San Francisco must now factor in as another
global city. Because it is the home of the most
powerful internet companies
 Other consider some cities "global city" simply
because they are great place to live in.
 A global city is a city that has the power to
effect global issues and change
the global outlook.
 Domination of the trade and economy of a large
surrounding area.
 High percentage of residents employed in
the services sector and information sector.
 High-quality educational institutions, including
renowned universities, international student
attendance, and research facilities.
 A variety of international financial services,
notably in finance, insurance, real
estate, banking, accountancy, and marketing
 Headquarters of several multinational
corporations
 The existence of financial headquarters, a stock
exchange, and major financial institutions.
 Economic Power
 Economic opportunities in a Global City make it
attractive to talents from access the world.
  Economic Competiveness
 Global Cities are also center of authority.
 Global cities are centers of higher learning and
culture.
 A cities intellectual influence is seen through the
influence of its publishing industry.
The Challenges of Global Cities
 Global cities conjure up images of fast-paced,
exciting, cosmopolitan lifestyle.
 Global cities also have their underside they can
be site of great inequality and poverty as well
tremendous violence.
 Not all cities as are dense as New York and
Tokyo.
 Cities only cover 2percent of the world’s
landmass, but they consume 78 percent of global
energy.
 The major terror attacks of recent years have also
targeted cities
Global Demography
 Demography - The scientific study of human
population which includes the study of
changes in the population size, it’s
composition and distribution.
Demographic process
 Fertility - refers to the reproductive
experience of a population. The reproductive
experience involves all factors related to
sexual behavior, pregnancy, and birth
outcome.
 Mortality - refers to the level of death
characterizing a population, and the study of
it involves research on the who, how, why,
and when issues related to dying.
 Marriage – the legally or formally
recognized union of two people as partners in
a personal relationship
 Migration -  is the movement of individuals,
households, and groups between residences
or residential locations. 
 Social Mobility - the movement of
individuals, families, households, or other Measurement Tools for Population Static
categories of people within or
between social strata in a society.
Demographic Cycle
 High Stationary (first stage)
 A high birth rate and death rate, no
any change in size and population.
 Early Expanding (second stage)
 The death rate begins to decline
(starts decreasing) and birth rate
doesn’t change. Initial increase in
population.
 Late Expanding (third stage)
 The birth rates begin to decline while the
death rates still decrease. The population still
increases.
 Low Birth Rate (fourth stage)
 A low birth rate and low death rate. The
population stabilizes.
 Declining (fifth stage)
 Birth rate is lower than the death rates. The
population is falling.
Types of Demography
 Statistic - It means the study of anatomy or
structure of community and their
environment in their given population.
 Dynamic - It deals with physiology or
function of communities as regards changing
pattern of mortality, fertility and migration.
 Age and sex composition:
o Median age - the age that divides a
population into two numerically equally
sized groups - that is, half the people are
younger than this age and half are older.
o Age dependency ratio - a measure of the
number of dependents aged zero to 14 and
over the age of 65, compared with the total
population aged 15 to 64. This indicator
gives insight into the number of people of
nonworking age, compared with the
number of those of working age
o Sex ratio - the ratio of males to females in a
population. In most sexually reproducing
species, the ratio tends to be 1:1.
 Birth and Fertility rates
o Birth rate
o General Ferltility Rate (GFR)
o General Marital Fertility Rate (GMFR)
o Age – Specific Fertility Rate (ASFR)
o Age – Specific Marital Fertility Rate
(ASMFR)
o Total Fertility Rate (TFR) Total Marital
Fertility Rate (TMFR)
o Gross Reproduction Rate (GRR)
 Crude Death Rate (CDR)
 Specific Death Rate
o Age Specific Death Rate
 o Sex Specific Mortality Rate
o Age Sex Specific Mortality Rate
o Cause Specific Death Rate
o Maternal Mortality Rate
 Migration
o Immigration Rate
o Emigration Rate
o Net Migration Rate (NMR)
 The world's population, today is 7.8 billion
people, may approach 12 billion by the end
of the next century. Estimated in the 26 years
from today, it will most likely have increased
by about 2.5 billion to a total of 8 billion
people. As of this month, the world’s
population is 7.8 billion, according to the
United Nations, which celebrates World
Population Day. More than half of all people
around the globe (3.97 billion) live in just
seven countries, according to the UN’s
estimates. China has the world’s largest
population (1.42 billion), followed by India
(1.35 billion). The next five most populous
nations – the United States, Indonesia,
Brazil, Pakistan and Nigeria together have
fewer people than India.
Poorest country in the world
 Liberia (GNI per capita: $710)
 The Central African Republic (GNI per
capita: $730)
 Burundi (GNI per capita: $770)
 Malawi (GNI per capita: $1,180)
 Sierra Leone (GNI per capita: $1,480)
 Madagascar (GNI per capita: $1,510) access to food can produce wide ranging
positive impacts, including:
 Comoros (GNI per capita: $1,570)
 Economic growth and job creation
Global Food Security  Poverty reduction
 Trade opportunities
 Food security is defined as the availability of  Increased global security and stability
food and one's access to it.
 Improved health and healthcare
 A household is considered food secure when
its occupants do not live in hunger or fear of Why is food security such a major global
starvation. challenge?
 Stages of food insecurity range from food
 The obvious reason is that everybody needs
secure situations to full-scale famine.
food. But the complexity of delivering
 The World Food Summit of 1996 defined
sufficient food to a national population and
food security as existing "when all people at
to the whole world’s population shows why
all times have access to sufficient, safe,
food security is such a priority for all
nutritious food to maintain a healthy and
countries, whether developing or developed.
active life “.
 Food stability: Refers to the ability to obtain What are the cause?
food over time.
 Population Growth
 Food access: Refers to the affordability and
 Changing Taste
allocation of food, as well as the preferences
 Climate Change
of individuals and households.
 Water Scarcity
 Food availability: Relates to the supply of
 Troubled farmers
food through production, distribution, and
 Land Degradation
exchange.
 Greedy Land Deals
IMPORTANCE OF GLOBAL FOOD
Global Food Insecurity Responses
SECURITY
 Increase production through vertical
 Growth in the agriculture sector has been
expansion-increase the total factors
found, on average, to be at least twice as
productivity by greater awareness and use of
effective in reducing poverty as growth in
good agricultural practices, availability of
other sectors. Food insecurity – often rooted
quality inputs at affordable prices
in poverty – decreases the ability of countries
 Reduce production and post production
to develop their agricultural markets and
losses and wastages by encouraging
economies.
judicious use of chemicals and improved
 Access to quality, nutritious food is
processing facilities
fundamental to human existence. Secure
 Improve financial access of the people to
food through employment creation, skill
development and job clearance information
networks
 Provide income support to the extremely
poor by creating social safety nets.
 Improve general health care by allocating
more resources to promotive and preventive
healthcare which is more cost effective and
helpful in the developing countries than the
curative
 Population planning for arresting its rapid
growth with particular attention to mother
and child healthcare
 Timely information about the global trends
in stocks and production and early warning
in case of looming food shortages must be
available.