NMTC

DAILY PRACTICE PROBLEMS

SESSION-2014-15
SUBJECT : MATHEMATICS NUMBER SYSTEM Junior Group

1. Find the largest integer n for which n200 < 5300

(A) 8 (B) 7 (C*) 11 (D) 13
200
 3
 2 3
Sol. n200 < 5300  n200 <  5  n<
52
 

= ( 5 )3 = 5 5 .

To find n < 5 5  n + 1 n2  125  (n+1)2

 n = 11 by inspection

2. Find the number of positive integrs which divide 10999 but not 10998
(A) 1000 (B) 998 (C) 999 (D*) 1999
Sol. 10999 = 2999  5999 where 2 and 5 are positive primes. So the number of positive divisors of 10999 is (999+1)
(999 + 1) = 10002
Similarly the number of positive divisor of 10998 is 9992
So, the number of positive numbers which divide.
10999 but not 10998 is 10002 – 9992 = 1999

3. Given natural numbers a,b,c such that

a3 – b3 – c3 = 3abc and a2 = 2(b + c), find the values of a, b and c ; (a,b,c need not be all different).
(A) 2 (B) 3 (C*) 0 (D) 1
Sol. a3 – b3 – c3 = 3abc.
 a3 + (–b)3 + (–c)3 = 3abc
a–b–c=0a=b+c
But a2 = 2(b + c)
This implies (b + c)2 = 2(b + c)
i.e. b + c = 2 or b = – c
 a = 2 or a = 0
As a is a natural number, a  0 ;  a = 2

4. A number with 8 digits is a multiple of 73 and also a multiple of 137. Find the sixth digit from the left. If the
second digit from left is 7.
(A) 8 (B) 2 (C*) 7 (D) Can't determine
Sol. The number is a multiple of 137 and 73.
As 137 and 73 and primes, the number is also a multiple is a multiple of 137 ´ 73 = 10001. The eight digit
number which is a multiple of 1001 can be got by multiplying a four digit number abcd by 10001. The
product is obviously, abcd abcd. The second and the sixth digits from the left are both equal to b. Hence,
if the second digit is 7, then the sixth digit is also 7.

5. Which of the following is the best approximation to

(2 3  1)(3 3  1)(4 3  1)...(1000 3  1)

(23  1)(3 3  1)(4 3  1)...(1000 3  1)
(A) 3/5 (B) 33/50 (C*) 333/500 (D) 3333/5000
Sol. Note that
x3 – 1 = (x – 1) (x2 + x + 1)
x3 + 1 = (x + 1) (x2 – x + 1)
x2 + x + 1 = (x + 1)2 – (x + 1) + 1
 Given expression =

(2  1)(3  1)( 4  1)( 4 2  1  4)...(1000  1)(10002  1000  1)

(2  1)(22  1  2)(3  1)( 4  1)...(1000  1)(10002  1000  1)
After cancelations, the given expression

1 2 3 999 1000 2  1000  1

= . . ... .
3 4 5 1001 22  2  1

2(1000000  1000  1) 2 1001001

= = 
1000  1001  3 3 1001000

333667
= = 0.666001332
500500
i.e.,  0.666
 The best approximation is 333/500  0.666.
6. A number n leaves the same remainder while dividing 5814, 5430, 5958. What is the largest possible
value of n ?
(A*) 48 (B) 56 (C) 24 (D) 36
Sol. 5958, 5814, 5430 leave the same remainder when x divides them,
 5958 – 5814 = 144 is divisible by n
5814 – 5430 = 384 is divisible by n
 The largest possible values is n which will divide the given numbers is the H.C.F of 144, 384, 528 i.e.,
48.

7. let n be a positive integer with all digits equal to 5 such that n is divisible by 2003. Find the last six digitd
of n/2003.
(A) 2 (B) 0 (C) 5 (D) 3
n
Sol. Let = d and let the last 6 digits of d be ABCDEF..
2003
Then we have d = .... ABCDEF, 2003  d = n = 5555....555.
It is clear that F must be 5 since 3  F ends in 5. This means that E  3 + 1 ends in 5. This forces E to
be 8. Thus proceeding this way.
We find that A = 3, B = 9, C = 5, D = 1, E = 8, F = 5
 The last six digits of 'd' are ... 395185

8. A six digit number is said to be lucky if the sum of its first three digits is equal to the sum of its last three
digits. prove that the sum of all six digits lucky numbers is divisible by 13.
(A*) 13 (B) 2 (C) 14 (D) 10
Sol. If the number abcdef is lucky numbers can be paired so that the sum of each pair is 99999. The sum of
all lucky numbers is therefore a multiple of 999999.13 divides 999999.

9. Let an = 6n + 8n. determine the remainder when a98 is divided by 98.

(A) 6 (B) 2 (C) 0 (D) 4
Sol. an = 6n + 8n
= (7 – 1)n + (7 + 1)n

 n  n  n1   n  n  n1 
= 7   1 7  .... + 7   1 7  ....
       

 n  n  n 2  n  2 
= 2 7   2 7  ....   7  1
   n2 
when n is even. Thus

 98  98  
a98 = 2 7  ....   96 .49  + 2
   
= M.98 + 2
where M is an integer. The remainder, therefore, is 2.
10. Find the least l.c.m of 20 natural numbers not necessarily different whose sum is 801.
(A) 801 (B*) 1640 (C) 1680 (D) None of these
Sol. The L.C.M is atleast when all the factors are one and the same so that this number is the L.C.M. Since
the sum is 801, all the 20 numbers cannot be equal. So 19 numbers are equal to 40 and the 20th number
is 41, yielding the sum 19  40 + 41 = 760 + 41 = 801. Least L.C.M. is 40  41.

11. The number of two digit number divisible by the product of the digit is
(A) 5 (B) 8 (C) 14 (D) 33
Sol. Let the number be denoted by ab so that it is equal to 10a + b. As ab the product of the digits a and b,
divides (10a + b), we must have 'a' as a divisor of b. i.e. a  b. As a and b are from 0,1,2,....,9 it follows
that 'a' can at best be 4. i.e. a  4. When a = 1, of the numbers 11,12,......,19 only 11,12 and 15 have
the desired property. When a = 2, of the numbers 21, 22,....29 only 24 has the needed property. When
a = 3, of the numbers 31,32,....39 only 36 shas the required property. When a = 4, of the numbers
41,42,....49 none has the required property. Thus the number of numbers with the stated property is 5,
viz., the numbers 11,12,15,24 and 36.

12. Given that (a – 5)2 + (b – c)2 + (c – d)2 + (b + c + d - 9)2 = 0, find (a + b + c) (b + c + d) = ?

(A) 0 (B) 11 (C) 20 (D) 99
Sol. Assuming a, b, c, d to be all real, since the sum of the four squared terms is zero, each term is zero.
a–5=b–c=c–d=b+c+d-9=0
 a = 5, b = c = d = 3
hence (a + b + c) (b + c + d) = 11  9

ABCD
 BCD
13. ______ In this addition each letter represents a different digit. Which is the absent digit ?
GHIJK

(A) 1 (B) 3 (C) 4 (D) 5

Sol.

14. Five children each owned a different number of rupees. The ratio of any one's fortune to the fortune of
every child poorer than himself was an integer. The combined fortune of the children was 847 rupees.
The least number of rupees that a child had was
(A) 12 Rs. (B) 10 Rs. (C) 7 Rs. (D) 5 Rs.
Sol. let the children shave a,b,c,d and e rupees such that they are integers sand a  b  c  d  e. It is given
that a + b + c + d + e = 847 and b, c, d, e are divisors of a ; c, d, e are divisors of b ; d, e are divisors
c ; and e is divisor of d.
As e divides exactly a, b, c, d and e it is a factor of a + b + c + d + e = 847 = 7  11  11. But the
least value obviously is 7. Hence any child must had at least Rs. 7.

15. A number with 8 digit is a multiple of 73 and also a multiple of 137. The second digit from the left
equals 7. Then the 6th digit from the left equals.
(A) 1 (B) 7 (C) 9 (D) can be any digit
Sol. The number is a multiple of 137 and 73. As 137 and 73 are primes, the number is also a multiple of
137  73 = 10001. The eight digit number which is a multiple of 10001 can got by multiplying a four
digit number abcd by 10001. The product is obviously abcd abcd. The second and the sixth digits from
the left are both equal to b. hence if the second digit is 7 then the sixth digit is also 7.

16. Let n be the least positive integer such that 1260n is the cube of a natural number. Then n satisfies
(A) 1 < n < 50 (B) 50 < n < 100 (C) 100 < n < 1000 (D) 1000 < n < 10000
Sol. Let n be the smallest positive integer such that 1260n = m3 for a positive integer m. As 1260 = 22  32
 5  7 1260 n will be a cube if n = 2  3  52  72 = 7350. For this value of n, 1260  7350 = (2  3  5
 7) = (210)3 . Thus 1000 < n < 10000
17. If (43)x in base x number system is equal to (34)y in base y number system the possible value for x + y
is
(A) 16 (B) 14 (C) 12 (D) 10
Sol. The number 43 to base x is equal to the decimal 4x + 3. Similarly the number 34 to base y is equal to
the decimal 3y + 4. As these two decimal numbers are equal 4x + 3 = 3y + 4, or 4(x + y) = 7y + 1. In
other words 4(x + y) – 1 is a multiple of 7. Of the option given x + y = 16 alone is such that 4(x + y) –
1 = 63 is a multiple of 7.

18. For how many integers n is 9  (n  2) 2 a real number ?

(A) 3 (B) 5 (C) 7 (D) infinitely many

Sol. For 9  (n  2) 2 to be real 9 – (n + 2)2  0 or (n + 2)2  9. Hence n + 2 = – 3, –2, – 1, 0, 1, 2, 3. As

As
n is an integer, n can be –5, –4, –3, –2, – 1, 0 or 1. Hence there are seven possible values for n.
(C)

19. During holidays, five people A, B, C, D and E went swimming regularly. Each time they went exactly
one of them was missing. A went the least number of times (5 times) and E most often (8 times).
What can we say about the number of times B, C and D went ?
(A) each went six times (B) each went seven times
(C) 2 went 6 times and one went 7 times (D) 2 went 7 times and 1 went 6 times
Sol. From the given information we observe that (i) E was present on all occasions, (ii) A missed out three
occasions, (iii) B, C, D together missed 5 occasions and (iv) no one except A missed 3 or more
occasions.
We, therefore, infer two of B, C, D missed 2 occasions while the third one occasion. In other words
among B, C, D two went swimming on 6 occasions and the other went on 7 occasions. (C)

20. let [x] denote the greatest integer integer less than or equal to x, what is the value of [ 1 ] + [ 2 ] +

3 +......+ 2004 ?
(A) 58850 (B) 59730 (C) 59950 (D) 56718
Sol. We have (m + 1)2 = m2 + 2m + 1 so that the integer parts of m2 , m2  1 ,

m 2  2 ,...., m 2  2m will all be m so that [ m 2 ] + [ m 2  1 ] + ....+ m 2  2m = (2m + 1)m =

2m2 + m. Also 2004 = 1936 + 68 = 442 + 68.
 [ 44 2 ] + [ 44 2  1 ] + .....+ [ 44 2  68 ] = 69  44 Hence the value of the required sum

43

= [ m 2 ] + (2m2 + m) + 69  44
m 1

1 43  44
=2 43 (43 + 1) (2  43 +1) + + 69  44
2 2
= 43  44  29 + 43  22 + 69  44
= 22 [2494 + 43 + 138] = 22  2675 = 58850

21. How many solutions are there for (a,b) if 7ab73 is a five digit number divisible by 99 ?
(A) 3 (B) 2 (C) 0 (D) 1
Sol. We can write 7ab73 as 7ab hundreds +73. But this is same as 7ab times 99 plus 7ab + 73. For 99 to
be a divisor of 7ab73 we therefore have 7ab + 73 as a multiple of 99.
Giving various digital values to a,b from 0,1,2.....9, we find that 7ab + 73 can be number from 700 + 73
to 799 + 73 i.e., a number from 773 to 872. In this range only 792 is divisible by 99. So, 7ab coincides
with 792 – 73 i,e,, with 719. Therefore, a = 1, b = 9. Thus there is only one pair of values (1,9) for (a,b).
22. The number 10790 – 7690 is divisible by
(A) 61 (B) 62 (C) 64 (D) none of these
Sol. If a, b (a > b) are real numbers a – b is divisible by a – b for integral n  1. Now 10790 – 7690 = (1072)45
n n

– (762)45 is divisible by 1072 – 762 i.e., by (107 + 76)(107 – 76) i.e., by 183 and 31. i.e. by 3, 31 and 61.

23. When 12003 + 22003 + 33003 + .... + 20032003 is divided by 2004, then the remainder is
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 1002 (D) 2003
Sol. When m is odd, am + bm is divisible by 2004 for n = 1,2,....,1001. Also 10022003 is 1002  1002 
10022001 = 2004  501  10022001
hence it is also divisible by 2004.
 Given sum = (12003 + 20032003) + (22003 + 20022003) + .... + (10012003 + 10032003) + 10022003 is also
divisible by 2004.

24. Each term of a sequence is the sum of its preceding two terms from the third term onwards. The
second term of the sequence is – 1 and the 10th term is 29. the first term is ..............
Sol.

25. All the numbers from 1 to 2009 are written one after the other. The number of digits in this number is
............

26. The sum of the digits of the number (100029 – 20) expressed in decimal notation is .............

27. Find the number of distinct remainders when 2009 is divided by natural numbers. Note that the remain-
der r is such that 0  r  2009

28. Find the sum of all the positive integers less than 2009 and relatively prime to 2009.

29. Find the value of 1  2008 1  2009 1  2010 1  2011 2013 is

30. a, b, c are distinct digits. Find all (a, b, c) such that the three digit numbers abc and cba are both
divisible by 7.
Sol. If abc is 3 digit number with a,b,c as the digits then abc = 100a + 10b + c
The number cba obtained by reversing the digits is.
cba = 100c + 10b + a
Both are divisible by 7
 Their difference is divisible by 7 abc – cba = 99a – 99c is divisible by 7. But 99(a – c) is a multiple of
7 and 7 does not divide 99.
 7(a – c). Since a, b,c are distinct digits a – c = 7 or –7 since a and c are leading digits in 3 digit
numbers a, c  0.
1  a, c  9
a = 9 c = 2, a = 8 c = 1
The numbers are from 9b2, 8b1, or 2b9 1b8
7 divides 9b2 or 2b9 if b = 5. The numbers are 952, 259.
7 divides 1b8 or 8b1 if b = 6. The numbers are 861, 168
Thus there are 4 numbers 168, 861, 259,952