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A fraction like 34 says we have 3 out of the 4 parts the whole is divided into.
Step 1: Make sure the bottom numbers (the denominators) are the same
Step 2: Add the top numbers (the numerators), put that answer over
the denominator
Step 3: Simplify the fraction (if needed)
Example:
14 + 14
Step 2. Add the top numbers and put the answer over the same denominator:
14 + 14 = 1 + 14 = 24
24 = 12
14 + 14 = 24 = 12
Example:
13 + 16
Step 1: The bottom numbers are different. See how the slices are different
sizes?
13 + 16 = ?
The number "6" is twice as big as "3", so to make the bottom numbers the
same we can multiply the top and bottom of the first fraction by 2, like this:
×2
1
= 26
3
×2
Important: you multiply both top and bottom by the same amount,
to keep the value of the fraction the same
Now the fractions have the same bottom number ("6"), and our question looks
like this:
26 + 16
Step 2: Add the top numbers and put them over the same denominator:
26 + 16 = 2 + 16 = 36
26 + 16 = 36
36 = 12
26 + 16 = 36 = 12
And here is how to do it with a pen and paper (press the play button):
Example:
13 + 15
Again, the bottom numbers are different (the slices are different sizes)!
13 + 15 = ?
But let us try dividing them into smaller sizes that will each be the same:
515 + 315
×5
1
= 515
3
×5
×3
1
= 315
5
×3
The bottom numbers are now the same, so we can go ahead and add the top
numbers:
515 + 315 = 815
13 + 15 = 815
Read about the two main ways to make the denominators the same here:
Example: Cupcakes
We need to add 1/3 and 1/4
1 1 ?
+ =
3 4 ?
1 × 4 1 ?
+ =
3 × 4 4 ?
1×4 1 × 3 ?
+ =
3×4 4 × 3 ?
4 3 4+3 7
+ = =
12 12 12 12