Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
“War is peace.
Freedom is slavery.
Ignorance is strength.”
― George Orwell, 1984
Twenty years on, an answer to this question can be found in the state of higher
education in Pakistan that has suffered from political interference for decades, where
any form of critical engagement and political activism has been criminalised if not
violently crushed, as seen in the horrific murder of Mashal Khan. Discrimination
against ethnic minorities has become a norm. Creativity is only valued through short-
sighted quantifiable measures and higher learning is replaced by indoctrination.