7

Mathematics
Quarter 2 - Module 1
Approximating Measurement Quantities
This Self Learning Module (SLM) was designed and written with you in mind to help you master
the lesson on Approximating Measurement of Quantities. The scope of this learning material
focuses on the many different learning situations. Moreover, the language used recognizes
the diverse vocabulary level of learners. The lessons are also arranged following the standard
sequence of the course. Hence, the order in which you read them can be changed to
correspond with the textbook you are now using.

The module contains:

Lesson 1: Approximating Measurement of Quantities

It is divided into seven sub lessons, namely:

Lesson 1.1 – Measures of Length
Lesson 1.2 – Measures of Weight/Mass
Lesson 1.3 – Measures of Volume
Lesson 1.4 – Measures of Time
Lesson 1.5 – Measures of Angle
Lesson 1.6 – Measures of Temperature
Lesson 1.7 – Measures of Rate

After going through this module , you are expected to:

1. approximate the measures of length, weight/mass, volume/capacity, time, angle,

temperature and rate.

1
 Pretest

Direction: Choose the letter that corresponds to your answer. Write your answers on a
separate sheet of paper.

1. What is the appropriate unit of measure used to describe the width of a computer
monitor?
A. inches B. meter C. feet D. millimeter

2. Standard textbook is about how many inches in length?

A. 20 inches B. 100 inches C.5 inches D. 12 inches

3. What is the best estimate for the length of a pen?

A .19 cm B. 19 mm C. 30 cm D. 1 m

4. Which of the following measures approximates a person’s weight?

A. 60 g C. 60 kg
B. 60 dag D. 60 mg

5. What is the best unit of measure for a pitcher of water?

A. 2.5 mL B. 2.5 L C. 2.5 cL D. 2.5 dL

6. Which measure approximates a distance between two cities?

A. 28 cm B. 28 m C. 28 km D. 28 mm

7. Which of these measures is sensible for a very hot day?

A. 20 0C B . 35 0C C. 65 0C D. 95 0C

8. What is the best estimate for a volume of a gas in a full tank of a mid-sized car?
A. 124 gal. B. 18 gal. C. 28 qt. D. 280 qt.

9. What is the reasonable temperature for fever ?

A. 39 0C B. 68 0C C. 37 0C D. 48 0C

10. From 10:00 to 11:00 pm, what is the most appropriate unit of measuring time?
A. seconds B. minutes C. hours D. days

11. The time reading of an analog clock is 9:25, at about how many degrees is formed by
the hour and minute hand of the clock?
A. 1600 B. 900 C. 1000 D. 1800

12. Andy is buying medium-sized oranges .If he has enough money for 1 kg of the oranges,
which among the measures could be the best estimate for one medium-sized orange?
Hint: 1 kg = 1000 g
A. 90 g B. 900 g C. 9 kg D. 90 kg
13. If the clock is at 7:00, what is the most appropriate measure of the angle of the hands?
A. 1000 B. 1200 C. 1500 D. 2000

14. Considering that 1 mph is about one and a half kilometers per hour, which of the
following has the fastest speed?

A. A cheetah running at 100 kph

B. A peregrine falcon flying at 300 kph
C. A fast car travelling at 270 mph
D. Typhoon Yolanda with a wind speed of 315 kph

15. Which is the closest measure to the diameter of a volleyball?

A. 8 mm B. 8 in C. 8 ft D. 8 m
 Approximating Measurement Quantities

Approximating measures comes in handy in our daily activities. For instance, knowing
that an inch is about the length of a paperclip gives a possibility to provide a logical estimate
for the length of an object; otherwise, approximations would not be accurate.
To help us provide a good estimate, below are some visual descriptions of commonly
used units both in the customary and metric system

Lesson1.1. Measures of Length

Length quantifies how long things are, or how tall or how far apart they are. Meter (m)
is the basic unit of length in the metric system.

Customary Metric

1 in – length of a paper clip 1 mm – thickness of a credit card

1 ft – length of a textbook 1 cm – width of a fingernail
1 yd – width of a doorway 1 m – length of a guitar
1 mi – 4 laps around a running track 1 km – 2.5 laps around a running track

Study the illustrative example on how approximation applies.

A standard textbook is about how many inches in length?

a. 20 in c. 5 in
b. 100 in d. 12 in

Solution: One inch is the approximate length of a paperclip. Hence, a standard

textbook could be about 12 in.
.
1. Choose the appropriate metric unit to measure each item. Choose km, cm, m
or mm.
a. a rail road
b. height of a child
c. length of a pen
d. the tip of a thumbtack
e. the length of a door

Answers: a. km b. m c. cm d. mm e. m
Lesson1.2. Measures of Weight/Mass

The mass describes how heavy an object is. The basic unit of mass in the metric
system is gram (g).

Weight is a measure of the earth’s gravitational pull. Mass is the measure of the
amount of matter that objects are made of. The mass of an object does not change but its
weight does. Weight and mass are not the same thing. However, on earth, the mass of an
object is always proportional to the weight of the object. In this course, we shall assume that
weight and mass mean the same thing.

Customary Metric

1 oz – mass of a slice of bread 1 g – mass of a piece of gum

1 lb – mass of a loaf of bread 1 kg – mass of a textbook
1 ton – mass of a small car

The mass (weight) of 1 milliliter of water is nearly equal to 1 gram, and a milliliter is the
volume of a cube whose length, width, and height each measures 1 centimeter.

A kilogram is equivalent to 1 000 grams. One pound is approximately 0.45 kilogram

and 1 kilogram is approximately 2.2 pounds. Rice and other large foodstuffs such as fish and
meat are weighed in terms of kilograms.

A milligram is equivalent to 1/1000 gram. A milligram (mg) is very small unit and is
used only in medical prescriptions and some areas of science. For example, Alaxan tablet
each capsule contains ibuprofen 200 mg and paracetamol 325 mg. Alaxan FR contains the
synergistic combination of ibuprofen and paracetamol in a capsule. The inflammatory activity
of ibuprofen and paracetamol combination is greater compared to the individual ingredients.

For objects that are quite heavy, the metric tonne unit is used. On metric tonne is
equivalent to 1 000 kilograms. Since 1 kilogram is approximately 2.2 pounds, a metric tonne
(1 000 kilograms) is equivalent to 2 200 pounds or 1.1 tons (1 ton = 2 000 pounds).

Furthermore, objects like gold ring, a cup of sugar, and a small pack of peanut are
measured in terms of grams. Heavier measures like the weight of a person and a sack of rice
are expressed in kilograms. Very light objects such as solid medicine quantity are measured
in milligrams.

Note: 1 gram is the weight of 1 milliliter of water

1 kilogram is the weight of 1 liter of water.
1 metric tonne is the weight of 1 cubic meter of water.

I. Match the most reasonable measure for each object.

1. a leaf a. kg
2. box of cereal b. g
3. set of lifting weights c. mg
4. a chair
5. Tennis shoes
 Answers:

1. mg 2. g 3. kg 4. kg 5. kg
I. What is the most sensible measurement of the following?
a. the weight of a new-born infant ( 30 kg, 3 kg, or 300 kg)
b. a piece of paper (0.5 kg, 0.05 kg, or 5 kg)
c. a loaf of bread ( 5g, 500 g or 5 kg)

Answers:
a. 3 kg b. 0.5 g c. 500 g

Lesson1.3. Measures of Volume

Volume is the amount of space occupies by an object. Liter (L) is the basic unit for
measuring the capacity or volume of an object in the metric system. It is defined as the volume
of a cubic decimeter. In other words, a liter is the capacity of a cube that is 1 decimeter long,
1 decimeter wide, and 1 decimeter high. One liter, 1 cubic decimeter, and 1 000 cubic
centimeters represent the same volume.

It is also the unit used for measuring the amount of liquid in a particular container. The
commonly used units for volume are the following:

Customary Metric

1 fl oz – used to measure liquid medicine 1 mL – amount of a raindrop

1 pt– fills a tall drinking glass 1 L – liquid in a soda bottle
1 qt –orange juice container 1 kL- fills a box with a side of one meter
1 gal- fills a small bathroom sink

Other commonly used units of volume measure in the metric system are the milliliter
and cubic meter. One milliliter is 1/1000 of a liter. Since 1 liter contains 1 000 cubic
centimeters, a milliliter is 1 cubic centimeter. We can think of a milliliter as the capacity of a
cube whose length, width, and height each measures 1 centimeter. The milliliter is a small unit
of volume measure. For example: 5 milliliters = 1 teaspoon and 15 milliliters = 1 tablespoon.
The milliliter is used in most liquid prescriptions obtained at pharmacies.

A cubic meter (m 3) is used to measure large volumes. Our water consumptions are
measured in cubic meters. One cubic meter = 1.3 yards. Extremely large quantities of liquids
would be measured in terms of kiloliter. A kiloliter is equivalent to 100 liters.

Any unit of length gives a corresponding unit of volume: the volume of a cube whose
sides have the given length. For example, a cubic centimetre (cm3) is the volume of a cube
whose sides are one centimetre (1 cm) in length.
In the International System of Units (SI), the standard unit of volume is the cubic metre
(m3). The metric system also includes the litre (L) as a unit of volume, where one litre is the
volume of a 10-centimetre cube. Thus
 1 litre = (10 cm)3 = 1000 cubic centimetres = 0.001 cubic metres,
so
1 cubic metre = 1000 litres.
Small amounts of liquid are often measured in millilitres, where
1 millilitre = 0.001 litres = 1 cubic centimetre.
In the same way, large amounts can be measured in megalitres, where
1 million litres = 1000 cubic metres = 1 megalitre.

I. Choose the best estimate for each capacity.

1. capacity of the bathtub a. 185 mL b.850 L c. 1.85 kL

2.capacity of a kitchen sink a. 70 mL b. 30 L c. 250 L
3. amount of water you can
hold in your hands a. 1 L b. 50 L c. 100 mL

4. a dose of liquid medicine a.5 mL b. 110 mL c. 1 L

5. capacity of a small box of
milk a. 250 L b. 250 kL c. 250 mL

Answers: 1. b 2. b 3. c 4. a 5. a

Lesson 1.4 Measures of Time

Time is used as a standard way of measuring or expressing duration. It is measured
based on counting periodic phenomena like oscillations of atoms or molecules, sound or
mechanical vibrations, or electromagnetic oscillations.

In everyday life, time intervals are usually measured in days, hours, minutes, and
seconds. The basic unit of time is second (s). One minute (min) is equal to 60 seconds, and
1 hour (h) is equal to 60 minutes. One day is 24 hours or 86 400 seconds.
 Imagine your daily life—getting ready in the morning, driving your car, working at your
job, going to school, buying groceries, and other events that make up your day. Now imagine
all the people in your neighborhood, in your city, and in your country doing these same things.
The social interaction that our existence involves would be practically impossible without a
means to measure time. Time can even be considered a common language between people,
and one that allows everybody to proceed in an orderly fashion in our complicated and fast-
paced world. Because of this, the measurement of time is extremely important to our lives.

I. Choose the most reasonable unit for measuring each time interval.

1. a blink of an eye
2. time spent sleeping
3. a 100-m dash
4. a 10 -kilometer hike
5. basketball practice
6. a television commercial

Answers: 1. seconds 2.hours 3. hours 4. hours 6. minutes

Lesson1.5. Measures of Angle

Angle comes from the Latin word angulus which means corner. It is defined as a
figure formed when two rays share a common endpoint. Angles are measured in degrees
using a protractor which gives a measure in terms of degrees (0). The rays are the sides of
an angle and the common endpoint is called the vertex of the angle.
It can be classified as follows:

Exactly 1800 Greater than 1800 Exactly 3600

With these clocks below, estimate the degrees on it.

Answers: a. 12:00 o’clock = 00 b. 12:15 o’clock = 900

c. 12:30 o’clock = 1800 d. 11:45 o’clock = 900

Lesson 1.6 Measures of Temperature

Temperature is defined as the measurement of the degree of hotness or coldness of
an object or substance. The commonly used units are Celsius (0C) for metric system and
Fahrenheit (0F) for English system. Kelvin (K) is considered as the SI base unit for
temperature. It is commonly measured using an instrument called a mercury thermometer, the
reading of which is based on the principle that most substances expand when heated.

The Celsius scale is a temperature unit adopted and named in honor of the Swedish
astronomer Anders Celsius. In the original works of Celsius, he assigned the value 0 to the
boiling point of water and 100 to the freezing point.

Later, compatriot botanist Carolus Linnaeus (1707-1778) reversed these values. This
scale, formerly called centigrade scale, was related to another temperature scale, the
Fahrenheit scale based on the formula invented by German scientist Daniel Gabriel
Fahrenheit.
 I. Choose the more reasonable temperature for each situation.
1 cooking pasta: 1120F or 2120F
2 temperature in house 240C or 730F
3 water freezes 320C or 00C
4 boiling water 100 F or 1000C
0

5 swimming in May 850C or 850F

Answers: 1. 1120F 2. 240C 3. 00C 4. 1000C 5. 850F

Lesson 1.7 Measures of Rate

Rate is the speed of an object’s change in position. It is expressed as the ratio of the
distance travelled and the time spent to cover the distance. The basic unit of speed in the
metric system is meter per second (m/s).

It is a ratio of two measurements having different units of measurements. For example

300 words in 5 minutes is a rate. \when rate is simplified so it has a denominator of 1 it is
called a unit rate. To find the unit rate of 300 words in 5 minutes, divide 300 by 5. The result
is a unit rate of 60 words 1 minute or 60 words per minute.

Find the unit rate in each case:

 1. A car travelled 150 kilometers in two hours.
2. A car travels 264 kilometers and uses 28 liters of gasoline.
3. An electrician took 4 hours to complete a job and charged P200 for his service
4. Ayie read 500 pages in 20 minutes

Solution:
1 The car’s rate = 150 km
2 hr

= 75 km/hr
2 The car’s rate of gas consumption = 264 km
28 L

= 9.43 km/L
3 Electrician’s hourly rate = P200
4 hr

= P50/hr.
4. Ayie’s reading rate = 500 pages
20 min.

= 25 pages per minute

General Directions: Work on Activities below. Use a separate sheet of paper .

Activity 1: Match me Up!

Direction: On a separate sheet of paper ,match the units in column A with their
corresponding measurement in column B. Write the letter of the correct answer on the
blank.

Column A Column B
1. gallon a. temperature
2. ℃ b. speed
3. pounds c. angle
4. meters per second d. mass/weight
5. degrees e. volume
6. miles f. length/distance
7. tons g. time
8. fluid ounce
9. hours
10. kilometer

Activity 2: Am I Real?
Direction: Write T on the blank if the statement is true and F if the statement is false.
Answer on a separate sheet of paper.

1. Approximating measurement helps in achieving close value to the actual

without the aid of an instrument.
2. If a handful of grains of rice are about 50 grams, then we need 25 handfuls to
collect 1 kilogram of rice.
3. 1 quart is less than 1 pint.
4. An obtuse angle is greater than 90° but less than 180°.
5. One kilogram of nails is greater than 1 kilogram of cotton.
6. If one cup of water is about 200 mL, then 5 cups can fill a 1-liter bottle.
7. 1 teaspoon can be approximated as 100 mL.
8. One full turn of a hand of the clock is 360℃.
9. One pound is greater than 1 kilogram.
10. A pinch of salt can be approximated at 100 g.
Activity 3: Pick the Right One!
Activity 4: Think and Pair

Direction: Find the corresponding approximations of the given measures below. Pair it up to
each item indicated. Answers will be written on a separate sheet of paper.

1. A child with fever ; ____________

2. A car traveling NLEX : ____________
3. The angle formed when the short
hand of the clock is at 5 and the
long hand at 1 : ____________
4. Weight of a 10-peso coin : ____________
5. Height of a 2-storey house : ____________
6. Water in a small aquarium : ____________
7. Distance from Surigao to Butuan : ____________
8. Length of a toothbrush : ____________
9. Speed of a jet : ____________
10. Weight of one piece of medium
sized ripe mango : ____________

300 kph 50 g 20 ft

390C 800 kph 20 L

1200 200 g 450C

1 000km 900 100kph

6 mm 100 L 50 ft

10 kg 100 km 6 in
Directions: Complete the 3-2-1 Chart about your discoveries in approximating
measurement quantities. Write your answers on a separate sheet of
paper.
 Posttest

Direction: Choose the letter that corresponds to your answer. Write your answers on a
separate sheet of paper.

1. What is the best unit of measure for a pitcher of water?

A. 2.5 mL B. 2.5 L C. 2.5 cL D. 2.5 dL
2. The time reading of an analog clock is 9:25, at about how many degrees is formed by the
hour and minute hand of the clock?
A.1600 B. 900 C. 1000 D. 1800
3. Which of the following measures approximates a person’s weight?
A. 60 g B. 60 dag C. 60 kg D. 60 mg
4. From 10:00 to 11:00 pm, what is the most appropriate unit of measuring time?
A. seconds B. minutes C. hours D. days
5. Which of these measures is sensible for a very hot day?
A. 20 0C B. 35 0C C. 65 0C D. 95 0C
6. Considering that 1 mph is about one and a half kilometers per hour, which of the following
has the fastest speed?
A. A cheetah running at 100 kph
B. A peregrine falcon flying at 300 kph
C. A fast car travelling at 270 mph
D. Typhoon Yolanda with a wind speed of 315 kph
7. Andy is buying medium- sized oranges .If he has enough money for 1 kg of the oranges,
which among the measures could be the best estimate for one medium-sized orange?
Hint: 1 kg = 1000 g
A. 90 g B. 900 g C. 9 kg D.90 kg
8. What is the best estimate for the length of a pen?
A .19 cm B. 19 mm C. 30 cm D. 1 m
9. What is the appropriate unit of measure used to describe the width of a computer
monitor?
A. inches B. meter C. feet D. millimeter
10. What measure that approximates a distance between two cities?
A . 28 mm B. 28 cm C. 28 m D. 28 km
11. What is the reasonable temperature for fever?
A. 39°C B. 68 °C C. 37 °C D. 48 °C
12. What is the best estimate for a volume of a gas in a full tank of a mid-sized car?
A.124 gal. B. 18 gal. C. 28 qt. D. 280 qt.
13. A standard textbook is about how many inches in length?
A . 20 inches B. 100 inches C. 5 inches D. 12 inches
14. Which is the closest measure to the diameter of volleyball?
A. 8 mm B. 8 in C. 8 ft. D. 8 m
15. If the clock is at 7:00, what is the most appropriate measure of the angle of the hands?
A. 1000 B. 1200 C. 1500 D. 2000
 Pretest Activity 1 Activity 2
1. a 1. e 1. T
2. d 2. a 2. F
3. a 3. d 3. F
4. c 4. b 4. T
5. b 5. c 5. F
6. c 6. f 6. T
7. b 7. d 7. F
8. b 8. T
8. e
9. c 9. F
9. g 10. F
10. c
10. f
11. d
12. b
13. c
14. c
15. b
Activity 3 Activity 4 Activity 5
1. d 1. 390C 1.
2. d 2. 100kph
3. a 2.
4. d 3. 1200 3.
5. b 4. 50g 4.
6. d 5. 20 ft
7. c 6. 100L
8. b 7. 100 km
9. c 8. 6 in
9. 800 kph
10. 200g
Reflection Posttest
1. b 6. c 11. c
Answers may vary 2. d 7. b 12. b
3. c 8. c 13. d
4. c 9. a 14. b
5. b 10. d 15. c
Answer Key
Books:
Orines, Fernando B., Mercado, Jesus P, Suzara, Josephine L., Manalo,Catalina B., . 2012 Next Century
Mathematics – Grade 7 K to 12 Curriculum Compliant. Quezon City:Phoenix Publishing House,
Inc.,122-193

Oronce, Orlando A., Mendoza, Marilyn O., 2010 e-Math Elementary Algebra-I ; Worktext,
Quezon City; Rex Printing Company , Inc.,19-86; 80-145

Gamboa,Job D.,2010 Elementary Algebra First Year,Understanding by Design. United Eferza Academic
Publication, Co., 86-119

Online:
https://www.encyclopedia.com/science-and-technology/mathematics/measurement-time
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volume
https://www.google.com/search?q=angles+measures+estimates%2Bactivities&tbm=isch&ve
d=2ahUKEwjaqIKc7_HsAhXRAZQKHUSoCecQ2-cCegQIABAA&oq
https://www.google.com/search?q=angles+measures&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwiS0qy-
6PHsAhWMBaYKHZ58BloQ2-cCegQIABAA&oq&gs_lcp
https://www.google.com/search?q=temperature+measures&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwjxqIKV
7_HsAhUaxYsBHUe3CusQ2-cCegQIABAA&oq
https://www.google.com/search?q=temperature+measures+estimates+%2B+examples&tbm
=isch&ved=2ahUKEwio9ZqE_vHsAhUEdJQKHdlBDggQ2-cCegQIABAA&oq
https://www.shutterstock.com/image-vector/measurement-time-these-instruments-may- range-1714347283
https://www.shutterstock.com/image-vector/measurement-temperature-these-instruments- may-range-
1714347274
https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/AbHamv2nD8G9brjQm8qrFQAXusOQryjpn13GewQxdkcMrqU9fO2HpvQ/

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Schools Division Office of Surigao City
Schools Division Superintendent: Karen L. Galanida
Assistant Schools Division Superintendent: Florence E. Almaden

Development Team of the Self Learning Modules (SLM)

Writer : Sherallene T. Roldan
Editor : Jimmyl Ann A. Asis
Evaluators : Noemi D. Lim
Trinidad T. Pulvera
Ava A. Pacot
Aprilrose M. Arana,
Elizabeth E. Manliguis
Illustrator : Sherallene T. Roldan
Management Team : Karen L. Galanida
Florence E. Almaden
Carlo P. Tantoy
Elizabeth S. Larase
Noemi D. Lim

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