PROJECT CLAID (Contextualized and Localized Activities Intended for Distance Learning)

Name: ______________________Date: ____________ Score: __________

Music 10
Quarter 2 – Week 2
Competency: MU10AP-IIa-h-5
CHARACTERISTICS OF AFRO – LATIN AMERICAN AND
POPULAR MUSIC

Lesson: Analyze musical characteristics of Afro-Latin American and popular music

through listening activities.
Objectives:
1. Listen perceptively to Afro – Latin American and Popular music.
2. Analyze musical characteristics of Afro – Latin American and popular
music.
3. Describe the characteristics of African and Latin -American musical
instruments.

Concept: The diversity of styles and forms was a major characteristics of

20 century music – as it continues to be today for 21st century music.
th

CHARACTERISTICS OF AFRO – LATIN AMERICAN AND POPULAR MUSIC

MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS OF AFRICA
Classification of Traditional African Instruments
A. Idiophones
These are percussion instruments that are either struck with a mallet or against one
another.

1. Balafon - is a West African xylophone with

bars made from logs or bamboo.

Image: pinterest.com
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Q2 Week No.2 Competency Code: MU10AP-IIa-h-5
Competency/ies: Analyzes musical characteristics of Afro-Latin American and popular music
through listening activities.
 2. Rattles – are vessels made of seashells, tin, basketry,
animal hoofs, horn, wood, metal, cocoons,
palm kernels, or tortoise shells.
Image: motherlandmusic.com

3. Atingting kon - are slit gongs used as communication

between villages. Traditionally, they were carved out of
wood to resemble ancestors and had a split opening
at the bottom.
4. Djembe – (zhembay) It is shaped
like a large goblet and Image: flickr.com
played with bare hands.

B. Membranophones Image: flickr.com

Membranophones are instruments, usually drums, which have vibrating

animal membranes.
1. Body Percussion – African people frequently use their bodies as musical
instruments. Aside from using their voices – since many of them are superb
singers – they also clap their hands, slap their thighs, pound their upper
arms or chests, or shuffle and stomp their feet.

2. Talking Drum – it is used to send messages to

announce births, deaths, marriages, sporting events,
dances, initiation, or war. It is also believed that
these drums can carry direct messages to the
spirits after the death of a loved one. Image: flickr.com
C. Lamellaphone- One of the most popular African
percussion instruments, which is a set of plucked tongues or
keys mounted on a sound board.
The Mbira (thumbs piano or finger xylophone)
is from Zimbabwe that is used throughout the continent.
Image: flickr.com
D. Chordophones – are instruments which produce sounds from the vibration of
strings. These include bows, harps, lutes, zithers, and lyres of various sizes.
1. Musical Bow – The musical bow is the
ancestor of all string instruments. It is the oldest
and one of the most widely – used string instruments
of Africa. The principal types are the mouth bow, the
resonator bow, and the earth bow. Image: Africanart.com

2. Lute – The lute, originating from the Arabic states,

is shaped like the modern guitar and played in
similar fashion.
Image: flickr.com

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2
Q2 Week No.2 Competency Code: MU10AP-IIa-h-5
Competency/ies: Analyzes musical characteristics of Afro-Latin American and popular music
through listening activities.
 3. Kora – The kora is Africa’s most sophisticated harp,
while also having features similar to lute. Its body is
from a gourd or calabash.
Image: flickr.com

4. Zither – is a stringed instrument with varying

sizes and shapes whose strings are stretched
along its body.

Image: essay-eh.blogspot.com

E. Aerophones- are musical instruments that produce sound primarily by trapping

or enclosing a body or column of air and causing it to vibrate .
1. Flutes – are usually fashioned from single
tube closed at one end and blown, while being
held either vertically or side – blown.

Image: africandrumming.com.au
Panpipes consists of cane pipes of different lengths tied
in a row in a bundle held together by wax or a cord, and
generally closed at the bottom. They are blown across the top,
each producing a different note.
Image: pinterest.com

2. Horns– are commonly made

from elephant tusks and animal horns. With their
varied attractive shapes, these instruments may
be either end -blown or side- blown. Image: pinterest.com

3. Reed Pipes – These are single reed pipes made

from hollow guinea corn or sorghum stems, where
the reed is a flap partially cut from the stem near
one end. It is the vibration of this reed that causes
the air within the hollow instrument to
create a sound. Image: arncastillon-wordpress..com
4. Trumpets – African trumpets are made of wood,
meatal, animal horns, elephant tusks, and gourds,
ornamented with snake or crocodile skin or the hide of
zebras, leopards, and other animals. They are mostly
ceremonial in nature, often used to announce the
arrival or departure of important guests.
. Image: hamillgallery.com

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Q2 Week No.2 Competency Code: MU10AP-IIa-h-5
Competency/ies: Analyzes musical characteristics of Afro-Latin American and popular music
through listening activities.
MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS OF LATIN AMERICA

The varied cultures that developed in Latin America gave rise to different types of wind and
percussion instruments. As with the African continent, Latin America’s rich history, dating back
thousands of years to the Aztec, Maya, and other ancient cultural groups, understandably
generated diverse creative approaches to making music.

Aztec and Mayan Instruments

In Central America, the ancient civilizations of the Aztec and Maya peoples used various
instruments mainly for religious functions and these were usually played by professional
musicians.

Tlapitzalli is a flute variety from the Aztec culture made of clay

with decorations of abstract designs or images of their deities.

Image: pinterest.com
Teponaztli is a Mexican slit drum hollowed out and carved
from a piece of hardwood.

Image: pinterest.com

Concha – is a wind instruments usually made from

the shell of a large sea snail. It is prepared by cutting
a hole in the shell’s spine near the apex, then blown into
as if it were a trumpet. Image: en.wikipedia.org

Rasp – is a hand percussion instrument whose

sound is produced by scraping a stick that has a
series of indentions or notches with another stick,
creating rattling effects.
Image: metmuseum.org

Huehueti – is an upright tubular drum used by the Aztecs

and other ancient civilizations. It is made of wood opened
at the bottom and standing on three legs cut from the base.
Its top membrane of stretched animal skin is beaten by
the hand or wooden mallet.
Image: ancientpoint.com

Incan Musical Instruments

1. Ocarina – is an ancient vessel flute made of clay or

ceramic with four to 12 finger holes and a mouthpiece
that projects from the body.
Image: britannica.com

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4
Q2 Week No.2 Competency Code: MU10AP-IIa-h-5
Competency/ies: Analyzes musical characteristics of Afro-Latin American and popular music
through listening activities.
 2.Zampoñas – or panpipes are ancient instruments from the
Andes Mountains of South America. They typically feature
bamboo tubes of different lengths tied together either in
pairs or more to produce graduated pitches of sound.

Image: makingmulticulturalmusic.wordpress.com

Andean Musical Instruments

1. Siku – is originally from the Aymaras of Peru and
Bolivia. It is the amin instrument used in a musical
genre known as Sikuri. The pipes are made from
bamboo tubes, but have also been made from condor
feathers, bone, and many other materials.
Image: alibaba.com

2.Wooden Tarka – is a vertical duct flute with mouthpiece

similar to that of a recorder. It used during the rainy season
and in tribal ceremonies to mimic bird sounds. It sounds
very primitive, soft, and mellow with a rasp in the low range.
Image: nativefluteswalking.com

3.Quena – is a vertical cane flute made from fragile

bamboo. Thus, it is only used during the dry season. It
has six finger holes and one thumb hole. It is open on
both ends or the bottom is half closed.
Image: amazon.com

4. Charango – is a ten - stringed guitar form Bolivia. It is the

size of Ukelele and is a smaller version of the mandolin,
imitating the early guitar and lute brought by Spaniards.
Image: en.wikipedia.com

POPULAR MUSIC
COUNTRY AND WESTERN MUSIC
Country and Western music is a blend of popular musical forms originally found in the
Southern United States. It has roots in traditional folk music and evolved rapidly in the
In the 1920s. The term “country music” began to be used in the 1940s when the earlier
term “hillbilly music” was felt to be degrading , and the term was subsequently
embraced int the 1970s. Country and Western music reflects the people’s life
experiences and local settings, even while combining the ideals of a progressive
society with nostalgia for one’s roots and cultures.

Different Forms of Popular Music and their Music Sample

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Q2 Week No.2 Competency Code: MU10AP-IIa-h-5
Competency/ies: Analyzes musical characteristics of Afro-Latin American and popular music
through listening activities.
 Forms of Popular Music Composers
Country Music  Kenny Rogers
 Taylor Swift
 Jim Reeves
Ballads  George Gershwin – The Man I Love
 Irving Berlin – Always
Standards  Frank Sinatra – My Way
 Nat King Cole – Unforgettable
Rock and Roll  Elvis Presley – Heartbreak Hotel and Blue Suede
Shoes
 The Beatles – Love Me Do, I Saw Her Standing
There, Get Back, Rock and Roll Music and Help
Disco  The Bee Gees – Stayin’ Alive
 ABBA – Dancing Queen
 Donna Summer – Hot Stuff
Pop Music  Michael Jackson – (“The King of Pop”), Thriller,
Beat It, Billie Jean, Bad and Dangerous
Hip Hop and Rap  Beastie Boys, Eminem, and Kanye West

Activity 1

Listening Activity: Listen to selected sample of Afro – Latin American Music and
Popular Music and describe its musical characteristics.
Sample Music Musical Characteristics
AFRICAN Music – “Siyahamba”
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fi-zd2k8wgQ
African Instrumental Music
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kZHfmgIb4mc

Latin – American Music – Reggae

Bob Marley – One Love
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vdB-8eLEW8g
Cha-cha Music-
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oB_7t5Z2LAE

Western Popular Music

Standard - Frank Sinatra – “My Way”
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qQzdAsjWGPg
Disco – ABBA – “Dancing Queen”
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xFrGuyw1V8s

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Q2 Week No.2 Competency Code: MU10AP-IIa-h-5
Competency/ies: Analyzes musical characteristics of Afro-Latin American and popular music
through listening activities.
 Philippine Pop Music
Rico J. Puno – “Luneta”
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6xsD0NDysrU
Folk Music – Freddie Aguilar – Anak
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ibmh64itn1M
Philippine Rock – Mike Hanopol – Jeproks
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4tAebSWEnQ4

Activity 2

Answer the following questions:

A. Describe the nature and qualities of African and Latin American Musical
Instruments.

African Musical Instruments Latin American Instruments

B. Describe how are African and Latin American Musical instruments sourced
from the environment? Give example.

African Musical Instruments Latin American Instruments

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Q2 Week No.2 Competency Code: MU10AP-IIa-h-5
Competency/ies: Analyzes musical characteristics of Afro-Latin American and popular music
through listening activities.
 C. Listen to an example of Samba music on YouTube:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HAiHEQblKeQ . Name the instruments that
you hear.

REFERENCES:
Books:
Sunico, Raul M., Cabanban, Evelyn F., Moran, Melissa Y., HORIZONS Music and Arts Appreciation for
Young Filipinos Grade 10 Learner’s Material, Tawid Publications, 2015

Muyot, Fritzimarie R.,Zamora, Cielo., Baarde, Maria Clara G., and Mathews Julie San Jose ,
Experiencing the World of MAPEH 10, The Inteligente Publishing, Inc.,2017

DepEd. Teacher’s Guide, Music Education Grade 10, 2017

You Tube:
clovisdavy mak.Siyahamba: Youtube.comhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fi-zd2k8wgQ(Accessed
Feb 13, 2016)

Jalikunda African Drums. Jalikunda African Drums take the Montserrat African Music Festival by
storm.Youtube.com. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kZHfmgIb4mc (accessed Feb 27, 2014)

Reggae Man. Bob Marley - One Love.Youtube.com. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vdB-8eLEW8g

(October3,2020)

Learn Dance. Music - Latin - Cha Cha Cha - Pata Pata.Youtube.com.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oB_7t5Z2LAE (accessed October3,2020)

Frank Sinatra. My Way (Remastered 2008) Youtube.com.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qQzdAsjWGPg (accessed Dec 12, 2018)

ABBA. Abba - Dancing Queen (Official Video) Youtube.com.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xFrGuyw1V8s (Oct 8, 2009)

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Q2 Week No.2 Competency Code: MU10AP-IIa-h-5
Competency/ies: Analyzes musical characteristics of Afro-Latin American and popular music
through listening activities.
Israel Amor. Rico J. Puno - The Way We Were (Alaala Sa Luneta) Youtube.com.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6xsD0NDysrU(accessed(Feb 22, 2009)

BelliniVEVO. Bellini - Samba De Janeiro Youtube.com.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HAiHEQblKeQ (accessed Aug 11, 2017)

Viva Records. Freddie Aguilar — Anak [Official Lyric Video with Chords] Youtube.com.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ibmh64itn1M (accessed Feb 28, 2015)

robert b. Laki Sa Layaw- Mike Hanopol. Youtube.com

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4tAebSWEnQ4(accessed Mar 14, 2010)

Prepared by:

JOSEFA R. NATIVIDAD
Mandaluyong High School
SDO Mandaluyong

Editors:

MA. FRELEY R. SOMOZA MARY JANE SP. YORO NIKKI S. AMISOSO

Content Language Layout

Approved:

LEOPOLDO A. MIRANDA JR.

Education Program Supervisor, (subject)

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9
Q2 Week No.2 Competency Code: MU10AP-IIa-h-5
Competency/ies: Analyzes musical characteristics of Afro-Latin American and popular music
through listening activities.