Annexure IB (EMP)

Package-I Detailed Project Report Vol-IV B EMP Report
CONTENTS
1.0 Introduction.......................................................................................................4
1.1 The Project.....................................................................................................4
1.2 Project Components......................................................................................4
1.3 Objective........................................................................................................4
1.4 Environmental Management Components....................................................5
1.5 Structure of Report........................................................................................5
2.0 Environmental Mitigation Plan (EMP)..........................................................6
3.0 Monitoring & Reporting...............................................................................33
3.1 Monitoring....................................................................................................33
3.2 Performance Indicators................................................................................33
3.3 Responsibilities for Monitoring.....................................................................33
3.4 Routine Monitoring.......................................................................................34
Site Selection................................................................................................34
Methodology.................................................................................................34
3.4.1 Ambient air Quality Monitoring (AAQM)...............................................34
3.5 Monitoring Plan............................................................................................41
3.6 Mitigation Measures.....................................................................................42
3.7 Reporting.....................................................................................................51
3.7.1 Reporting Arrangement........................................................................51
3.7.2 Recording of Data.................................................................................51
3.7.3 Record keeping....................................................................................51
4.0 Arboriculture & Landscaping......................................................................53
4.1 General........................................................................................................53
4.2 Objective......................................................................................................53
4.3 Selection of Plant Species...........................................................................54
4.4 Types of Trees / Species.............................................................................55
4.5 Methodology................................................................................................56
4.6 Landscaping.................................................................................................56
4.6.1 Design for plantation of Trees..............................................................57
5.0 Environmental Enhancement Plan.............................................................61
5.1 General........................................................................................................61
5.2 Criteria for Selection....................................................................................61
5.3 Design Concepts – Overview......................................................................62
5.4 Elements for Enhancement.........................................................................62
5.4.1 Landscaping.........................................................................................62
5.4.2 Water Bodies........................................................................................62
5.4.3 Noise Barriers.......................................................................................63
5.4.4 Cultural Properties................................................................................65
5.4.5 Community Resources.........................................................................66
6.0 Budgets for EMP...........................................................................................67
7.0 Institutional Arrangement............................................................................70
7.1 General........................................................................................................70
7.2 Environmental Management System (EMS)...............................................70
7.3 Duties of various Organizations in the EMS................................................70
Consultancy Service for 4/6 Laning From Zaidun Leeng Sdn. Bhd. Page 1 of 73
Pune-Solapur of NH-9 in the State of Maharashtra &
Package No. NHDP-III/DL4/04 Artefact Projects
7.4 Awareness & Training..................................................................................72

7.4.1 Awareness............................................................................................72
7.4.2 Training.................................................................................................72
List of Tables
Table 2.1: Environmental Issues, Reason / Source of Pollution and Mitigation Measures
6
Table 2.2: ACTION SHEET 1.............................................................................................28
Table 3.1: Testing of Environmental Parameters and Standard Protocol...................34
Table 3.2: National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS).......................................35
Table 3.3: Primary Water Quality Standards..................................................................36
Table 3.4: Indian Standard Drinking Water Specifications: IS 10500:1991.................38
Table 3.5: National Ambient Noise Quality Standards..................................................41
Table No. 3.6: Components for Monitoring..................................................................41
Table 3.7 Implementation Schedule with Responsible/Supervising
Organization/Authority.....................................................................................................43
Table - 4.1: Species Proposed for Plantation.................................................................55
Table 4.2: List of shrubs proposed for plantation.........................................................58
Table 7.1: Proposed Training Modules...........................................................................73
1.0 Introduction
1.1 The Project

Ministry of Shipping Road Transport and Highways (MoSRT&H), Government of India has
decided to take up the development of various National Highways where the intensity of
traffic has increased or likely to increase significantly. There is a requirement of
augmentation of capacity for safe and efficient movement of traffic. One of such corridors of
significance is North-East corridor connecting Pune to Solapur. National Highways Authority
of India (NHAI) has been entrusted to implement the development of this corridor.
Environmental Management Plan sets out the environmental management procedures
during design, construction and operation phase, including mitigation & enhancement
measures, institutional and monitoring requirements. This EMP also provides the guidelines
and instructions to be followed by the PIU (PWD) for effective implementation of the project.
The proposed project involves rehabilitation, strengthening and widening to 4-lane dual
carriageway of North - East corridor of the National Highway in the States of Maharashtra
which includes NH-9 from Pune (PWD km 40/000) to PWD km 144/400. The project consists
of a Feasibility Study and Detailed Design for preparation of a Detailed Project Report
(DPR). The major towns along the project road include Tembhurni & Indapur.
1.2 Project Components

The various activities / components involved in the project include design process and
construction activities. Some of the major activities likely to take place to implement the
proposed up-gradation / improvement project are: Site clearing & grubbing, Earthwork,
Pavement removal, Granular sub-base, Water bound macadam sub-base / base,
Bituminous pavement layers, pavement widening, Drainage, Safety measures, Bridge &
Culvert improvement, Waste material management, Equipment staging & materials,
Aggregate and sand quarries etc. These major activities have been taken into account while
finalizing the methodology for the impact assessment of the project.
1.3 Objective
Environmental management plan (EMP) has been recommended by considering broad
aspects, which includes –
 Suitable measures to be taken in light of specific project issues,
 Implementation & supervision through competent agencies for EMP,
 Schedule for implementing these actions,

 Reference to contract documents and specifications,
 Project level environmental monitoring,
 Environmental status reporting frequency, and
 Institutional arrangement, strengthening of their capability, and role.
1.4 Environmental Management Components

The various components which are considered for the environmental management aspects
and to be included in the environmental management plan, broadly consists of
environmental mitigation aspects, environmental performance indicators to be monitored
and reporting system, environmental enhancement measures, arboriculture and landscaping
aspects, financial aspects required for the effective implementation of the environmental
management Plan and Institutional Strengthening and training of the project implementation
unit. These are discussed in the report herein.
1.5 Structure of Report

The structure of the report for Environmental Management Plan is as organised as
follows:
Chapter 1 - Introduction
Chapter 2 - Environmental Management Plan
Chapter 3 - Monitoring & Reporting Plan
Chapter 4 - Arboriculture & Landscaping
Chapter 5 - Environmental Enhancement Plan
Chapter 6 - Environmental Budget
Chapter 7 - Institutional Arrangement
This Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is a part of the environmental impact

assessment report, as per corrigendum issued with the TOR.
Package-I Draft Detailed Project Report Vol-IV B EMP Report
2.0 Environmental Mitigation Plan (EMP)

Table 2.1 below shows the typical environmental mitigation matrix prepared for the proposed project. This includes the project specific
environmental issues, corresponding remedial measures, its reference to contract document / MoRTH specification, location of the
measures to be applied, cost of the mitigation measures and responsibility for implementing the typical mitigation measures.
Table 2.1: Environmental Issues, Reason / Source of Pollution and Mitigation Measures
Reference to Institutional
Environmental Mitigation
Remedial Measures Contract Location Responsibility
Issue Cost
Documents Implementation Supervision
Design / Pre-Construction Stage
1. Alignment
Critical  Provision of large / deep roadside drains RAP Road sections Project Design PIU
sections /  Road widening requirements with service preparation Consultant
settlements  Improvement of Intersections / Junctions roads, cost
 Providing bypasses at Indapur, Locations of
Tembhurni & Mohol where settlement is thick
high. settlements
2. Land
Land  Acquisition of land is minimized to the Land Acquisition All along the Project Design PIU
acquisition maximum extent Policy of NHAI, road where preparation Consultant
 Land shall be acquires as per the Land Acquisition alignment has cost
Government Land Acquisition Policy, Act been modified.
applicable
 To avoid impact of land outside ROW, MoRTH 201.2
construction activities shall be restricted
within RoW, wherever possible
Issue Cost
Implementation Supervision
Documents
3. Water
Water  Water resources shall be protected and Project As per the Project Design PIU
Sources enhanced by redesigning as per requirement instructions of preparation Consultant
Enhancement measures plan engineer in- cost
charge at site.
Road  Provision of adequate size and number MoRTH 306 Throughout the Project Design PIU
Drainage of cross-drainage structures (culverts) as project corridor preparation Consultant
well as drains along the road cost
4. Flora & Fauna
Roadside  Trees to be cut within the ROW shall be MoEF guidelines All along the Project State Forest PIU
Plantation identified / marked with the help of forest project road preparation Department,
departments of Maharashtra States cost PIU, Supervision
consultant
 Trees shall be removed as identified and
with prior approval of the State Forest
Department
 Provision of underpasses for wild life

movement
Environment
al cost
5. Environmental Quality
Air Quality  NOC from concerned State Pollution For hot mix Project Design PIU
Control Board shall be obtained. plant and preparation Consultant, PIU,
 Adequacy of measures shall be checked MoRTH 111 construction cost (PWD)
Issue Cost
Documents
to control air pollution. machinery
Noise Level  NOC from concerned State Pollution For hot mix Project Design PIU,
Control Board shall be obtained plant and preparation Consultant, PWD,
 Improved traffic speeds and riding construction cost Departm
conditions shall reduce noise levels machinery ent of
 Noise screening by trees plantation MoRTH 111 Environ
scheme proposed as noise barriers At sensitive ment &
 Provided noise attenuation at critical receptors. Forests
locations like Hospital, school etc.
6. Utilities
Relocation of  Affected utilities like electric poles, water As per R&R Project All concerned PIU
utility lines / pipe lines, hand pumps, etc. shall be plan prepared preparation state
community relocated with prior approval of the separately cost Government
utilities. concerned agencies Departments,
 All the R&R activities shall be reasonably MoRTH 110 PIU
completed as per RAP
 All the cultural properties that have been
identified as affected shall be relocated
as per resettlement plan
7. Environmental Safety
Accidents  Design improvements to road geometry MoRTH 112 All along the Project Design PIU
 Provision of adequate sight distance at project road preparation Consultant
curves and road junctions especially at cost
 Provision of adequate set back distance. settlements,
 Provision of proper signage at sensitive and locations of
Issue Cost
Documents
receptor locations such as schools, bad geometry
hospitals and at known accident spots
Traffic  Temporary traffic arrangement during All along the Project
Control construction shall be planned in DPR. project road preparation
System  The contractor shall take all necessary MoRTH 112 and locations of cost
measures for the traffic during demolition settlements
and site clearing activities.
Pedestrian  Special considerations shall be given in At congested
Safety the local traffic management to the locations
MoRTH 112.2
pedestrian safety Especially at
congested locations bed
Construction Stage
1. Soil
Soil Erosion  Soil Stabilization measures by immediate At identified Engineering Contractor PIU
grassing and vegetation of locations,
embankments to control soil erosion, embankment
sedimentation and water pollution. along water
 Stone / PVC pitching, gabions near MoRTH 306 courses, high
banks of water bodies as well as at high cut locations
cut areas
 Provision of berms at high
embankments.
Soil  Oil & fuel spills from construction Project At construction
contaminatio equipments shall be controlled by good requirements camps and at
n by O&M practices waste disposal
Issue Cost
Documents
construction  Contaminated soil shall be disposed of sites
waste, fuel as per MoEF guidelines
etc.
Borrow pits  Borrow areas shall be levelled properly MoRTH 111.3, At identified Engineering Contractor PIU
after use. Guidelines locations
given in
EMP
Uses of  Excavated material shall be used for as At identified Engineering Contractor PIU
Excavated a fill material in the embankments locations
Project
Material other wherever possible
requirement
than borrow
pits
Disposal of  Surplus material still remaining from the At identified Engineering Contractor PIU
Excavated above shall be deposited at the selected locations
Material locations and as approved by PWD, or if MoRTH 301.3
possible it shall be used in rehabilitation
of quarries
Transport of  The village roads used for the haulage of MoRTH 111.9 Throughout Engineering Contractor PIU
Excavated excavated earth shall be maintained to project corridor
Earth / debris their original condition upon completion MoRTH 301.3
of work. PIU may use the services of SC
to monitor and report.
 Precautionary measures like covering of
Issue Cost
Documents
vehicles shall be taken to avoid spillage
and to reduce dust nuisance during
transport of materials.
Quarries  The Quarry material shall be procured Known quarry Engineering Contractor PIU
only from licensed quarries operating locations listed cost
under environmental clearances,
including transportation of quarry
material clearances under the Air Act
 Safety precautions shall be ensured MoRTH 111.3 Throughout
during transportation of quarry material project corridor
from quarries to the construction sites
 Stockpiling of material shall be properly
planned so as to ensure smooth traffic
flow on the highway
Sand & Clay  During transportation trucks shall be Throughout Environment Contractor PIU
MoRTH 111.3
covered to prevent dust nuisance project corridor al cost
Contaminatio  Soak pits along with oil and grease traps Construction Environment Contractor PIU
n of soil from shall be provided around fuel storage camps al cost
MoRTH 111
fuel and areas
lubricants
2. Water
Water Bodies  Impact on surface watercourses (rivers Bridge Engineering Contractor
and ponds) would be minimized locations along cost
MoRTH 305
throughout by control over construction the project road
works as per guidelines
Issue Cost
Documents
Other Water  Community water sources shall not be Locations Engineering Contractor PIU
Project
Sources used during construction period. identified along cost
requirements
project corridor
Drainage and  At cross drainage structures, the earth, Throughout Engineering Contractor PIU
run-off stone or any other obstructing project corridor cost
construction material shall be removed
and properly disposed of so as not to
block the flow of water at any time
 Construction material shall not be stored
MoRTH 306
so as to block the drainage system, if
happens, contractor should ensure that
MoRTH 309
they are cleaned especially during
monsoon period.
 Roadside drains have been proposed all
along the project road to improve
drainage. Contractor shall clear off the
drains before opening the road to traffic.
Contaminatio  Construction and sitting of plant & MoRTH 305 At construction Engineering Contractor PIU
n of water machinery close to the streams and camps, cost
from water bodies shall be avoided, especially Project locations of
construction during monsoon period. requirement water bodies,
waste  Soak pits shall be provided at
construction site to prevent wastewater Guidelines given
from entering into rivers and streams in EMP
Issue Cost
Documents
especially during pile driving across
major rivers
 All waste arising from the project shall be Environment
disposed off as per SPCB norms, so as al cost
not to block the flow of and contaminate
water
Waste must be collected, stored and
transported to approve disposal sites.
Contaminatio  To avoid contamination from fuel and Project At construction Engineering Contractor PIU
n of water lubricants, the vehicle and equipments requirement camp locations, cost
from fuel and shall be properly maintained and wherever
lubricants refuelled located along
 Vehicle maintenance and refuelling in the Project Environment
construction camps should be confined corridor. al cost
to areas with traps oil / grease to prevent
wastewater from entering into rivers and
streams
Sanitation  The construction camps shall be located At construction Engineering Contractor PIU
and waste away from habitations (at least 500 m), MoRTH camp locations, cost
disposal in at identified sites. 105.2 wherever
construction located along
camps  The sewerage system for such camps the Project Environment
shall be properly designed and built so Corridor. al cost
that no water pollution of any stream or Guidelines given
Issue Cost
Documents
watercourses takes place. in EMP
 The workplace should have proper

medical approval by local medical,
health or municipal authorities.
Use of water  The contractor shall make independent Project Throughout the Engineering Contractor PIU
for arrangements for water required for requirement project corridor cost
construction construction in such a way that the water
availability and supply to nearby
communities remain unaffected.
 Wastage of water during construction

shall be minimized and properly
controlled.
3. Air
Emission  All vehicles, equipments and machinery Legal Throughout the Engineering Contractor PIU
from used for construction shall be regularly requirement project corridor cost
construction maintained to ensure that the pollution
vehicles and emission levels conform to the SPCB
machinery norms.
 The asphalt plants, crushers and the MoRTH
batching plants shall be sited at least 111.5
Issue Cost
Documents
500 m in the downwind direction from the
nearest settlement.
 Regular monitoring of Air shall be Environment
conducted as described in al cost
Environmental Monitoring Plan.
Action sheet no. 2 given in Table 2.3
shall be followed.
Dust and  Existing hot mix / concrete / asphalt MoRTH Throughout the Engineering Contractor PIU
Nuisance plants shall be used to the extent 111.5 project corridor cost
possible,
 In case of new hot-mix plants, crushers
and batching plants, these shall be sited
at least 500 m downwind from the
nearest habitation and covered with dust
trapping hoods.
 Water shall be sprayed at mixing sites, Environment

earth mixing sites and asphalt mixing MoRTH al cost
sites and on temporary access roads 111.8
and diversions.
Action sheet 1 given in Table 2.2 shall be Environment
followed. al cost
Issue Cost
Documents
 Vehicle delivering material shall be MoRTH
covered. End boards in loaders shall be 111.9 Environment
provided to prevent spillage. al cost
 In case of unpaved roads used by
contractor, it shall be watered regularly MoRTH
at least once in day to control fugitive 111.10
dust nuisance.
4. Noise Levels
Noise from  The plants and equipment used for Legal Throughout the Engineering Contractor PIU
vehicle, construction shall be strictly conforming requirement project corridor cost
asphalt to CPCB noise standard.
plants and  Properly sizing and maintaining mufflers,
equipments engine intake silencers, engine
enclosures, turning of idle equipment,
shall be filtered with silencers.
 DG sets if use, shall adhere to noise MoRTH 111
standards of MoEF / CPCB At sensitive
 In case of blasting of hill sections i.e. in MoRTH:302 receptors Environment
NH-76 section, adequate noise control al cost
measures shall be prepared in advance
prior to the blasting work starts. The
noise level shall be adhere to local Laws.
Restricted blasting-work hours and
intermittent blasting are few measures,
Issue Cost
Documents
which can be adopted for this project.
 To protect construction workers from MoRTH 111 Environment
severe noise impacts, workers exposed al cost
to excessive noise shall be given
earplugs, helmets, etc.
 At construction sites within 500 m of

human settlements, noisy construction
shall be avoided between 10.00 p.m. and Project
6.00 a.m. requirement
Action sheet no. 3 given in Table 2.4
shall be followed. Environment
 Regular monitoring of Noise level as al cost
described in Environmental Plan
Noise  Construction of noise barrier in the form Along sensitive Environment Contractor PIU
barrier / of buffer plantation and vegetation at locations in the al cost
buffer sensitive receptors. road corridor
plantations
5. Flora
Loss or  Trees lost shall be replaced just before Legal Throughout Environm Department SC, PIU,
damage to the beginning of the construction requirement project ental cost of PWD
vegetation according to Compensatory A forestation Corridor Environment
Policy of State Forestry Department at and Forest,
the rate of two new trees for each tree PIU (PWD)
Issue Cost
Documents
lost.
 The local tree authority shall do As per
transplantation of the tree according to technical
the site conditions as applicable. The specification
contractor shall contact the tree authority s supplied
to carry out compensatory a forestation with EMP
as well as transplantation of trees.
Compaction  All construction vehicle movement and Project Throughout Engineeri Contractor, SC, PIU,
of Vegetation parking locations shall be such as to requirement Project ng cost Supervision PWD
prevent damage to roadside vegetation Corridor Consultant
Damage to  Contractor to ensure prevention of Project Throughout Environm Contractor, SC, PIU,
trees / damage to vegetation and trees and requirement Project ental cost Supervision PWD
vegetation by their use by workers. Contractor shall Corridor Consultant Departm
workers supply kerosene for all needs during ent of
construction, to prevent use of Environ
vegetation and trees for fuel ment
 Adequate landscaping of median, As per Environm and
embankment slopes and other open specification ental cost Forest
space available within ROW shall be provided
carried out as suggested in Arboriculture
Issue Cost
Documents
and Landscaping Plan and as per
specification given.
6. Fauna
Loss, injury  Construction workers shall be directed Project Throughout Environm Contractor, PIU,
or disruption not to poach upon fauna. Hunting shall requirement Project ental cost Supervision PWD,
to fauna be strictly prohibited. Corridor Consultant Departm
 Contractor shall take all necessary and ent of
measures to protect wildlife during especially Environ
construction in forest areas. at ment
 Necessary signage, controlled / timely settlement and
construction activities shall reduce and at Forest
disturbance to wildlife. forest area
7. Safety and Accidents

Accident  To ensure safety of the temporary MoRTH Throughout Engineeri Contractor, PIU,
risks from accesses during construction, safety 105.2 Project ng cost Supervision PWD,
construction devices shall be installed. Corridor Consultant Departm
activities.  Traffic rules and regulation shall be ent of
strictly adhered to local laws. Health
 Workers undertaking various operations Environm and
during construction shall be protected by ental cost Family
providing helmets, masks, safety Welfare
goggles, hand gloves and rubber boots
etc.
 First aid kits shall be provided at
Issue Cost
Documents
construction site for workers to meet
minor accidents during construction
Health Issue  At every workplace, good and sufficient MoRTH Throughout Engineeri Contractor, SC, PIU,
water supply shall be maintained to 105.2 Project ng cost Supervision PWD,
avoid waterborne / water-related / water- Corridor Consultant Departm
based diseases to ensure the health and and ent of
hygiene of workers. particularly Health
 Adequate drainage, septic tanks, soak at workers Environm and
pits and wastewater disposal shall be Project camps ental cost Family
provided at workplace. requirement Welfare
 Preventive Medical care shall be
provided to workers.
Action sheet no 4 given in Table 2.5 shall
be followed.
Movement of Traffic management shall be effected Project Near Engineeri Contractor, SC, PIU,
Existing through requirement temporary ng costs Supervision PWD
Traffic  Gate system work sites Consultant
 Diversion along existing alternative
routes
 Proper signage
8. Roadside Trees
Road Side  Compensatory planting at the rate of two As per Along Environm Contractor, SC, PIU,
Trees trees for every tree to be cut shall be specification roadside ental cost Supervision PWD,
carried out, s provided vacant Consultant, Departm
Issue Cost
Documents
lands and Village ent of
Forest Councils, Environ
Departmen PIU (PWD), ment &
t’s land Department Forest
of
Environment
& Forests.
9. Environmental Enhancement
Roadside  Roadside plantation and grassing As per Throughout Environm Contractor, PIU,
landscape measures shall be done to improve specification Project ental cost Supervision PWD,
development aesthetics as per the arboriculture and s provided Corridor Consultant, Departm
landscaping plan developed Department ent of
Action sheet no. 5 given in Table 2.6 shall of Environ
be followed. Environment ment &
& Forest Forest
Roadside  Enhancement of road side temples, trees Project Throughout Environm Contractor, SC, PIU,
amenities and market places very near to road requirement Project ental cost Supervision PWD
shall be done as per the instructions of Corridor Consultant
the supervision consultant. and at
 Provision of bus shelters, bus bays and selected Engineeri
rest places as per standard design shall sites ng cost
be carried out.
 Road furniture including marker posts,
crash barriers, traffic signs, speed zone
Issue Cost
Documents
signs, rumbling strips etc. shall be
constructed and erected as per design.
 Ponds and water bodies along the road Environm
& near to communality places shall be ental cost
enhanced.
Community  Community properties, located away Project Throughout Engineeri Contractor, SC, PIU,
Properties from the project road should not be requirement Project ng cost Supervision PWD
disturbed by construction activity; Corridor Consultant
workers camp and contractors work
area.
Environment  Environmental Awareness Campaigns At Environm PIU( PWD) PWD
al Awareness shall be conducted in the project area Project settlements ental cost
during construction period to ensure the requirement in project
applicability of the various environmental area
laws
Operation Stage
Contaminatio  The spills at the accident sites shall be Project R Throughout PWD to Local Govt. PIU,
n from cleared immediately Requirement Project ensure Bodies State SPCB
accidental  The left over spills shall be scraped and Corridor this PWD and
spills carried to small lined confined pits at (reoccurri State
identified sites. ng cost) Pollution
Control
Board.
Dust  Roadside tree plantations shall be Project Throughout Environm Department PIU,
Issue Cost
Documents
Generation maintained. requirement Project ental of Departm
 Dust generated and deposited shall be Corridor cost Environment ent
cleaned regularly. (reoccurri & Forest, of
ng cost) PWD Environ
ment &
Forest
Air Pollution  Vehicle emission of critical pollutant Legal At selected Environm Motor PIU,
parameters (SPM, CO, SO2 and NO2) requirement locations ental cost vehicle SPCB
shall be monitored as per monitoring (reoccurri department,
plan Throughout ng cost) and SPCB,
 Vehicle emission norms shall be Project PWD
enforced corridor
 Roadside tree plantation shall be Project
protected and maintained requirement
Noise  Noise pollution shall be monitored Legal At selected Environm Motor PIU,
Pollution  Adequate ‘no-horn’ sign boards shall be requirement, locations ental cost vehicle SPCB
installed at sensitive / critical locations Project (reoccurri department,
requirement
ng cost) and SPCB,
PWD
Water  The roadside drainage system shall be Project Throughout By PWD PWD and PIU,
periodically cleared of blockage requirement project (Reoccur SPCB SPCB
 Water quality shall be monitored as per road ring cost)
plan At selected
 Charecteristics of water used for locations
Issue Cost
Documents
construction should satisfy the standards
given by CPCB.
Flora and  Adequate care of the compensatory Project Throughout Included Department PIU,
Fauna plantation should be taken up to comply requirement Project in of Departm
success of the replantation scheme shall corridor compens Environment ent
be monitored atory & Forest, of
 If survival rate is below 70 %, plantatio PWD Environ
replantation shall be done as required n cost ment &
 Branches of trees developed on the Forest
carriageway shall be removed
periodically.
By PWD
(Reoccur
ring cost)
Accidents  The rules as defined in the MoRTH Throughout By PWD Motor Motor
involving Environmental (Protection) Act, 1986 3000 Project (reoccurri Vehicle Vehicle
hazardous shall be complied corridor ng cost) Department, Departm
materials  For delivery of hazardous substances, SPCB and ent
certificates issued by transportation PWD SPCB &
department, namely permit license shall PIU
be obtained
 Vehicles delivering hazardous
substances shall be marked with
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Documents
appropriate signs
 In case of accidental spillage immediate
report to relevant departments shall be
made and instructions followed in taking
up the corrective measures as soon as
possible
Safety  Traffic management Project Throughout By PWD Local Local
Measures  Traffic control measures including speed requirement Project (reoccurri Government Govern
limits, signage at sensitive receptors corridor ng cost) Bodies and ment
shall be enforced strictly State Govt. Bodies
 Further growth of encroachment within police police
the ROW shall be controlled department. departm
ent,
PWD
Table 2.2: ACTION SHEET 1

Environmental Air Emissions (Dust/particulate)/Disposal of Construction
Attribute Debris.
Issue Increased dust levels adjacent to haul roads and construction
yards. Uncollected construction debris.
Mitigation Sprinkling of water once a day along the haul routes to project
measure road, passing through residential area and at the construction
yard.
Methodology Water tankers should be deployed by the contractor through
for out the winter and summer months and during dry spells in
implementation monsoon months to water at construction yard and those
sections of road which shall carry the construction material
through the residential areas. Water sprinkling should be
carried out in the morning hours every day.
Water from the pond in villages will not be used without the
consent of the village community.
The uncollected construction debris can also contribute to

fugitive dust and insanitary conditions. Daily inspection at haul
routes and construction sites should be conducted to ensure
speedy disposal of construction debris to landfill sites. Nearby
borrow pits may be used for disposal of debris or areas which
may need a noise barrier may utilise the debris to create a
hump.
Implementing Contractor / sub-contractor
Agency
Monitoring The Engineer
Agency

Environmental Air Pollution from Construction Yard Activities (NO2 Levels
Attribute During Construction)
Issue Increased exposure to air pollutants near main construction
yards in downwind directions during winter.
Mitigation Construction yard should not be located within 500m of the
measures major villages.
Methodology Contract conditions on placement of major construction yards.
for
implementation
Implementing Contractor
Agency
Agency
Legal The above restrictions on placement of construction yards
Instrument should be intimated to the bidder while inviting the bids.

Environmental Noise Pollution
Attribute
Issue Increased Noise levels during day and night time in the
residential areas adjacent to the construction yard.
Mitigation Siting of construction yards more than 100 m away from any
measures residential areas;
Methodology Select construction yards sites leaving adequate distance to
for allow noise to attenuate.
implementation
For the protection of construction workers, ear plugs should be
provided to those working near the noisy machinery.
Agency
Agency
Legal The above activity (provision of enclosures) should form a part
Instrument of the contract agreement. This will facilitate the contractor to
take into account the cost of above measures while bidding for
the contract.

Environmental Sanitation at Construction Workers Colony
Attribute
Issue Adequate sanitation facilities and Hygiene at construction
workers colony.
Mitigation Provision of water supply and toilet facilities at construction
measures workers colony as per the stipulated guidelines in Indian Labour
Act along with provisions of septic tanks and refuse composting
facility.
Methodology The camp must not be located within one km of the major
for villages.
implementation
The contractor should ensure adequate water supply and toilet
facility with septic tanks and mechanisms for composting of
domestic refuse at construction workers colony.
Agency
Agency
Legal The above activity should form a part of the contract
Instrument agreement. This will facilitate the contractor to take into account
the cost of above measures while bidding for the contract.

Environmental Landscaping along the highway
Attribute
Issue To improve the deficient arboriculture along the corridor.
Mitigation Development and Maintenance of landscape along the
measures proposed highway, which acts as air pollution and noise barrier
and improves aesthetics.
Methodology The concerned forest department will prepare a plan for
for landscaping concurrent with the road construction schedule
implementation (with a lag of 3-4 months for preparing the ground).
Phase-wise plantation should be taken up by the forest

department. Required water should be taken from the bore-
wells or nearby surface water bodies (except village ponds,
unless consented by the community) along the highway.
Implementing PIU
Agency
Agency
Legal The above activity should form a part of the overall project cost.
Instrument
3.0 Monitoring & Reporting

3.1 Monitoring
The adverse environmental impacts identified during the Environmental impact
Assessment process of the proposed project may increase further during the construction
as well as during post-construction as well as during post-construction phase. Monitoring
of environmental factors and constraints will enable agencies to identify the changes in the
environmental impacts at particular locations, application of mitigative measures and
utilisation of standard design guidelines for finalisation of alignment design. Monitoring will
also ensure that actions taken are in accordance with the construction contract and
specifications. It provides a basis for evaluating the efficiency of mitigation and
enhancement measures, and suggests further actions needed to be taken to achieve the
desired effect.
3.2 Performance Indicators

In order to evaluate the effectiveness of EMP at project level, certain physical, biological
and social components identified. These component needs to be analyzed based on
project specific conditions and data generated. The key quality components include Air
quality, Water quality, Noise Levels around sensitive locations, Plantation / re-plantation
success / survival rate, Erosion indices, Restoration of quarries and borrow areas, Quality
of human health, Accident frequency.
3.3 Responsibilities for Monitoring

The responsibility for monitoring of implementation of EMP will rest with the Environmental
management Unit (EMU). Mitigation and enhancement measures adopted in final design
will be explicitly identified under the Bill of Quantity (BOQ) so that performance and
completion is readily documented.
The PWD will visually assess the progress of Environmental management unit and the
work of Contractors. If the level of impact is determined to be high, further monitoring will
be done by a recognised ‘A’ category laboratory of the concerned State pollution control
Board (SPCB) and assessed for verification of the increased or decreased emission level
and pollutants along the project road. And if found more appropriate control measures
would exercised.
3.4 Routine Monitoring

During the construction and post construction phase, ambient air quality, water quality
(surface and Ground water), effluent if any released from construction site / camp) and
noise levels will be monitored as and when required depending upon the type, nature and
duration of the project using standardised monitoring methodologies and laboratories
testing facilities / techniques.
Site Selection
Monitoring stations have been identified based on observation / site conditions such as
nature of construction, diversions, congestion, parking places, bus / taxi stands, number
and frequency of vehicles, sources of pollutants (industrial / commercial / residential),
environmental features and existence of sensitive / critical areas i.e. educational
institutions, hospitals, archaeological / cultural sites. The frequency and duration of
testing / sampling of air, water, noise levels and effluent quality within the ROW is to be
fixed as per allotted time frame of the project and requirements of SPCB / CPCB and
MoEF.
Methodology
Standard methodology as described in manuals, guidelines, etc. is to be followed as outlined

in Table below
Table 3.1: Testing of Environmental Parameters and
Standard Protocol
Sr.
Parameters to be Monitored References
No.
1 Ambient Air Quality
i. Suspended Particulate Matter IS: 5182 (pt-4)
(SPM) (g/m3)
ii. NOx (g/m3) IS: 5182 (pt-6)
iii. SO2 (g/m3) IS: 5182 (pt-2)
iv. CO (mg/m3) IS: 5182 (pt-10)
2 Water and Effluent (all parameters as per CPCB (1998)
i. Surface Water APHA 20th Edition and CPCB (1997)
ii. Ground Water
iii. Effluent (if any released from
construction work site/camp)
3 Noise level IS: 3028,IS: 4758, IS: 9779, IS: 10399
3.4.1 Ambient air Quality Monitoring (AAQM)
The air quality parameters i.e. Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM), Respirable Particulate
Matter (RPM), Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Nitrous Oxides (NOx), Carbon Monoxide (CO) and
Hydrocarbons (HC) will be regularly monitored at designated locations and analyzed in

accordance with the National Ambient Air Quality Standards given in Table 3.2. The location,
duration and pollution parameters to be monitored and the responsible institutional
arrangements are detailed out in Environmental Monitoring Plan
Table 3.2: National Ambient Air Quality Standards

(NAAQS)
Residential
Time Sensitive Industrial Method of
Pollutants Rural &
Weighted Area Area Measurement
Other
Improved West
Sulphur Annual* 15 µg/m 3
80 µg/m 3
60 µg/m 3
and Gaeke
Dioxide method
(SO2) Ultraviolet
24 hours** 30 µg/m3 120 µg/m3 90 µg/m3
fluorescence
Jacob and
Hochheiser
Annual 15 µg/m3 80 µg/m3 65 µg/m3
Oxides of modified (Na-
Nitrogen Arsenite)
(NOx) Gas Phase
24 hours** 30 µg/m3 120 µg/m3 91 µg/m3 Chemiluminesc
ence
Carbon 5000
8 hours** 1000 µg/m3 2000 µg/m3 Non Dispersive
Monoxide µg/m3
infrared
(CO) 3
1000 3
1 hour 2000 µg/m 4000 µg/m spectroscopy
µg/m3
3
Annual* 0.50 µg/m 1.0 µg/m3 0.75 µg/m 3
AAS Method 24
hours after
sampling using
Lead (Pb) 3 3 3
24 hours** 0.75 µg/m 1.5 µg/m 1.00 µg/m EPM 20000 or
equivalent filter
paper
Respirable Annual* 50 µg/m3 120 µg/m3 60 µg/m3
particulate
(RPM)-Size
24 hours** 75 µg/m3 150 µg/m3 100 µg/m3
less than
10 µm
Suspended Average flow
Annual* 70 µg/m3 360 µg/m3 140 µg/m3
Particulate rate not less
Matter than 1.1 cu.m /
24 hours** 100 µg/m3 500 µg/m3 200 µg/m3
(SPM) minute
Source: Anon 1996-97, National Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Series NAQMS/a/1996-97, Central
Pollution Control Board, Delhi.
* Average Arithmetic mean of minimum 104 measurements in a year taken for a week 24 hourly at uniform interval.
** 24 hourly / 8 hourly values should meet 98 percent of the time in a year
3.4.2 Water Quality Monitoring

Water quality parameters such as pH, DO, Total Dissolved Solids, Phosphate,
Calcium, Sulphate, Chlorides, Iron etc. will be monitored at all identified locations
during construction stage as per standards prescribed by Central Pollution Control
Board and Indian Standard water specifications presented in Table 3.3 and 3.4
respectively. The location, duration and pollution parameters to be monitored and
the responsible institutional arrangements are detailed out in Environmental
Monitoring Plan (Table 3.6).
Table 3.3: Primary Water Quality Standards

Designated Best Class of Criteria
Sr. No.
Use Water
1 Drinking Water A  Total Coliforms MPN/100 ml
source (with shall be 50 or less
conventional  pH between 6.5 to 8.5
treatment)  Dissolved Oxygen 6 mg / 1 or
more
 Biological Oxygen demand
(BOD) 5 days 200C, 2 mg/1 or less
2 Outdoor bathing B  Total Coliforms MPN/100 ml
(organized) shall be 500 or less
 pH between 6.5 to 8.5
 Dissolved Oxygen 5 mg / 1 or
more
0
(BOD) 5 days 20 C 3 mg/1 or less
3. Drinking Water C  Total Coliforms MPN/100 ml
source (without shall be 5000 or less
conventional  pH between 6 to 9
treatment)  Dissolved Oxygen 4 mg / 1 or
more
(BOD) 5 days 200C 3 mg/1 or less
4. Propagation of D  pH between 6.5 to 8.5 for
Wildlife fisheries
 Dissolved Oxygen 4 mg / 1 or
more
 Free Ammonia (as N) 1.2 mg/1
or less
5. Irrigation, E  pH between 6.0 to 8.5
Industrial Cooling,  Electrical Conductivity at 250C
Controlled Waste µmhos/cm Max. 2250
 Sodium absorption ratio Max. 26
 Boron, Max.2 mg/1
(Source: CPCB (1999). Bio mapping of rivers. Parivesh New Letter, 5 (iv), Central Pollution Control Board,
Delhi, PP.20)
Table 3.4: Indian Standard Drinking Water Specifications: IS 10500:1991

Sr. Substance or Requirement Undesirable Effect Outside the Permissible Limit in the Remarks
No. Characteristics (Desirable limit) Desirable limit Absence of Alternate
Source
Essential Characteristics
1 Colour, Hazen Units, 5 Above 5, consumer acceptance 25 Extended to 25 only if toxic
Max. decreases substances, in absence of
alternate sources.
2 Odour Unobjectionable - - a) A test cold and when
heated
b) Test at several dilution
3 Taste Agreeable - - Test to be conducted only
after safety has been
established
4 Turbidity NTU, Max. 5 Above 5, consumer acceptance 10
decreases
5 pH value 6.5 to 8.5 Beyond this range the water will not effect No relaxation
the mucous membrane and /or water
supply system
6 Total hardness (as 300 Encrustation in water supply structures an 600
CaCO3) mg/1, Max. adverse effect on domestic use
7 Iron (as Fe) mg /l Max. 0.3 Beyond this limit taste / appearance are 1
affected has adverse effect on domestic
uses and water supply structures and
promotes iron bacteria
8 Chlorides (as Cl) mg/1 250 Beyond this limit, taste corrosion and 1000
Max. palatability are affected
9 Residual, free 0.2 To be applicable only when
Source
chloride, mg/1 Min. water is chlorinated.
Tested at consumer end.
When protection against
viral infection is required, it
should be Min. 0.5 mg/1
Desirable characteristics
1 Dissolved solids mg/1 500 Beyond the palatability decreases and 2000
Max. may cause gastro intestinal irritation
2 Calcium (as Ca) mg/1 75 Encrustation in water supply structure and 200
Max. adverse effects on domestic use
3 Magnesium (as Mg) 30 Encrustation in water supply structure and 1.5
mg/1, Max. adverse effects on domestic use
4 Copper (as Cu) mg/1 0.05 Beyond taste, discoloration of pipes, fitting 0.3
Max. and utensils will be caused beyond this
5 Sulphate (as 200 200 Beyond this causes gastro intestinal 400 May b extended up to 400
SO2), mg/1, Max. irritation when magnesium or sodium are provided ( as Mg) does not
present exceed 30
6 Nitrate (as NO2) mg/l, 45 Beyond this methamoglobunemia take 100 To be tested when pollution
Max. place is suspected
7 Fluoride (as F) mg/1, 1 Fluoride may be kept as low as possible. 1.5 To be tested when pollution
Max. High fluoride may cause fluorosis is suspected
8 Phenolic compounds 0.001 Beyond this it may cause objectionable 0.002 To be tested when pollution
(as C6H5OH) mg/1, taste and odour is suspected
Max.
9 Mercury (as Hg) mg/1, 0.001 Beyond this the water becomes toxic No relaxation To be tested when pollution
Max. is suspected
Source
10 Arsenic (As) mg/1, 0.05 Beyond this the water becomes toxic No relaxation To be tested when pollution
Max. is suspected
11 Lead (as Pb), mg/1, 0.05 Beyond this the water becomes toxic No relaxation To be tested when pollution
Max. is suspected
12 Zinc (as Zn) mg/1, 5 Beyond this limit it can cause astringent 15 To be tested when pollution
Max. taste and an opalescence taste and an is suspected
opalescence in water
13 Poly nuclear aromatic - May be carcinogenic above this limit - -
hydrocarbons (as
PAH) mg/1, Max.
14 Pesticides mg/1, Max. Absent Toxic 0.001 -
15 Alpha emit - - 0.1 -
ters bq/1, Max.
(Source: Indian Standard Drinking Water Specification – IS 10500, 1994)
3.4.3 Noise Quality Monitoring

Ambient noise levels will be monitored at already designated locations in accordance with
ambient noise quality standards given in Table 3.5. The location, duration and noise
pollution parameters to be monitored and the responsible institutional arrangements are
detailed out in Environmental Monitoring Plan
Table 3.5: National Ambient Noise Quality Standards

Sr. Leq*** in dB (A)
Area Code Category of Zone *Day **Night
No.
1 A Industrial 75 70
2 B Commercial 65 55
3 C Residential 55 45
4 D Silence Zone 50 40
* Day Time – 6.00 am – 9.00 pm (15 hours)
** Night Time – 9.00 pm – 6.00 am (9 hours)
*** Leq – Equivalent noise level
3.5 Monitoring Plan

All the actions envisaged during the construction and operation phase will be monitored to
produce most satisfactory results. The regular components of monitoring and its frequency
have been identified in the following table: The air and noise quality monitoring will be
performed at some of the locations where baseline study will be carried out. Water quality
of the ground and surface water sources will be monitored.
Environmental Management cell (EMC) constituted by the contractor will be the prime
agency for monitoring all activities during both phases. PWD will supervise all activities
and accordingly advise the BOT contractor to control the environment of the areas where
the shortcomings are observed. The EMC will provide all monitoring results to PWD. PWD
will keep a record of all information and will suggest suitable measures to be adopted by
the contractor if any aspect found to be diverting from the anticipated values/standards.
Table No. 3.6: Components for Monitoring

Parameter Locations Duration Frequency
Air Quality: for SPM, CO, Yawat, Kurkumbh 24 hours sampling Once in a year
NOx, SO2. (MIDC area), Indapur.
Mohol, Solapur (MIDC
area)
Noise Level Yawat, Kurkumbh 24 hours Continuous Once in a year

(MIDC area), Indapur. sampling
Mohol, Solapur (MIDC
area)
Parameter Locations Duration Frequency
Water Quality: for different Khadak wasala main Grab Sampling Once in a year
physical chemical and canal, Pond, Reservoir
biological parameters of Earthen Dam (Malad
tank), Tube well,
Reservoir (Ujani dam
Bhimnagar), Bhima
river, Sina river
Roadside Plantation All along the highway Regular Regularly

Maintenance stretch throughout the year
3.6 Mitigation Measures

Environmental mitigation measures have been incorporated within the design process
including the avoidance of the potential impacts through alignment sheets and other
means. The appropriate measures have also been identified for action in construction and
operational phases. The measures identified for all three phases, are tabulated in table
------which identifies the nature of potential environmental impact, which have or will be
taken, the time frame in which they are taken, the implementing agency and responsible
organisation and where appropriate, the contractual clause for enforcement of the
measure.
Table 3.7 Implementation Schedule with Responsible/Supervising Organization/Authority
CONSTRUCTION PHASE
RESPONSIBLE/
SL.
PROJECT RELATED ISSUES ACTIONS TO BE TAKEN SUPERVISING ORGANISATION/
NO.
AUTHORITY
1. Preparation of feasible land Initiate and complete the process for land acquisition. Contractor in consultation with the
acquisition plan Prepare & administer land use control measures. state revenue department.
2. Utilities Initiate and complete the process of shifting the utilities. Contractor in consultation with the State
Electricity Department and Telecom
Department.
3. Reduction of Forest Cover Initiate & complete the process for compensatory a forestation. Contractor in consultation with State
Forest Department.
4. Road Side Tree Plantation Select species and prepare location plan for roadside tree plantation. The Contractor in consultation with Forest
Detailed Methodology for implementation are as follows: Department.
• Permission from Forest Department & District Collector for felling of
scheduled trees
• Prepare action plan for fresh plantation with Forest Department
• Budget allocation
• Implement action plan
5. Borrow pits and quarry sites • Firm up contract with the Mining department for obtaining the quarry Contractor.
development materials & identification of borrow pits along the whole stretch with the
help of PWD and discussion with the concerned landowners.
• Restoring of the borrow pits to its initial form by Landscaping
Techniques.
6. Site for storage and Finalize the detailed road design & select sites for construction camp. Contractor.
construction camp
7. Sewerage disposal and solid  Install lavatory at Construction Workers Colonies Contractor.
waste at worker colonies  Collection of domestic refuse and its suitable disposal
RESPONSIBLE/
SL.
NO.
AUTHORITY
8. Traffic management Secure assistance from local police for traffic control during construction phase.
Safety measures will also be undertaken by installing road sign and markings
for safe and smooth movement of traffic
9. Noise Level  Stationary equipments will be placed as far as possible from inhabited Contractor in consultation with
areas to minimize objectionable noise impacts Maharashtra state Pollution Control
 Provision of mufflers for stone crushing plants Board (MPCB)
 Proper maintenance of machinery and vehicles
 Construction activities strictly prohibit ting between 10 pm and 6 pm near
habitations
 Provision of using ear plugs by workers exposing high noise level
10. Air Quality  Vehicles and machineries will be regularly maintained so that emission Contractor in consultation with
conform to National and State Standards
 Vehicles carrying construction material will be covered by traps to avoid MPCB
spilling.
 Asphalt mixing site will be over 500 m away from any communities in down
wind direction. Mixing equipment will be seated and be equipped with
dust removal device (e.g. wet separators)
 Water sprinkling will be carried out in morning and evening hours of day at
construction yard and unpaved sections of the road
• Operators will use masks and ear plugs
• Speedy disposal of construction debris disposal sites.
11. Soil Erosion • In slopes and other suitable places along the roadside trees and grass Contractor. /EMC
should be planted
12. Loss of Top soil • 15 cm of topsoil should be conserved and refilled after excavation is Contractor/EMC
over to minimize the impact on productive land.
13. Compaction of Soil • Vehicles should operate within the COI on other side of centre line or Contractor/EMC
on the side of widening) to avoid damage to vegetation.
RESPONSIBLE/
SL.
NO.
AUTHORITY
14. Floods • Bridges and culverts have been designed for the purpose of flood Consultant/EMC/PWD, Maharashtra
discharge (100 years flood frequency for big bridges and 50 year flood
frequency for medium bridges and culvert)
15. Alteration of drainage • In all sections where water courses cross the road, earth and stone will Contractor/PWD, Maharashtra /EMC
be properly disposed of so as not to block river streams and natural
drainage
16. Siltation • Construction materials containing fine particles should be stored in Contractor
closed enclosures such that sediment laden water does not drain into
nearby water courses
17 Water logging and stagnation of • Uncontrolled digging of borrow pits will be avoided to prevent water Contractor as a part
water in borrow pits accumulation which induces breeding of insects like mosquitoes which Of the supervision works in
in turn can become a health hazard. Consultation with the State
• Control breeding of mosquito larva’s by spraying of insecticides on Health and Family Welfare
stagnant pool of water. Department.
18. Occupational Health and Safety Laborers and Workers will be equipped with proper safety gears Contractor.
like helmets, gloves and visors etc.
19. Basic amenities and sanitary • Proper and adequate camp sites will be constructed and sanitary Contractor in
facilities for construction facilities will be provided to the workers for avoiding any health related Consultation with Public Health
laborers problems.
Department and Public Works
Department (PWD).
• Regular inspection about the adequacy of facilities and periodic heath
checkups will be done.
20 Fuel for Construction labourers Adequate supply of fuel in the form of Kerosene stove and coal will be provided Contractor.
to the construction labourers to avoid felling of trees for cooking and other
household activities.
RESPONSIBLE/
SL.
NO.
AUTHORITY
21. Maintenance of embankment to Stabilizing the embankment with ripraps, pitching and other appropriate Contractor in
prevent erosion scouring and technologies to prevent scouring. Consultation with Public
instability due to adverse
weather conditions Works Department.
22. Drainage System • Development of existing drainage system Contractor in

Consultation with Public
• Construction of lined/unlined, open/closed, and longitudinal/crossed
Works Department.
drainage structure required wherever.
• Maintaining the drainage system by removing silt deposition or any

other blockage as and when required.
• Road embankment slopes will be vegetated with potential native seed
mix to reduce erosion.
OPERATION PHASE
SL. PROJECT RELATED ISSUES ACTIONS TO BE TAKEN RESPONSIBLE/
NO. SUPERVISING
ORGANISATION/
AUTHORITY
1. Prevention of Road side • Involve land use planning agencies like the Revenue Department at Contractor in consultation with
Squatters or induced Urban all levels during operation stage. The State Revenue and
Sprawls Planning.
• Plan and control development activity.
• Removal, cleaning of squatter and temporary hutments of

construction workers once construction activities have been
completed.
2. Road Safety and Traffic • Adequate number of proper signs with clear visibility will be installed Contractor in consultation with
Management along the road. Public
• Prepare and Administer a monitoring system on road/accidents. Works Department and State
Traffic Police.
3. Air Quality • Monitor periodically ambient air quality at selected sites. Contractor in consultation with
Maharashtra State Pollution
Control Board (MPCB).
• Confinement and absorbing of the pollutants at source by creating

vegetation along the length.
• Enforcing different control measures to check the pollution (e.g.

catalytic converters, unleaded petrol, proper servicing etc.)
4. Noise Level • Monitor periodically ambient noise level at selected sites. Contractor in consultation with
MPCB.
• Minimization of use of horns near sensitive locations/silence zones

NO. SUPERVISING
ORGANISATION/
AUTHORITY
with the help of sign boards in proper places.
• Provide noise barriers with roadside plantation.
Water Quality • Monitor periodically water quality for establishing the change of Contractor in consultation with
water quality, if any, and assessing its potentiality of surviving MPCB,
aquatic flora & fauna and for irrigation use. State Public Health Engineering
Department
(PHE) and State Agricultural
Department.
6. Soil Characteristics • Periodic Monitoring of soil quality (mainly Pb) at specified distance Contractor in consultation with
from ROW for assessing soil contamination by vehicular emissions. Public
• Checking the overflow of spillage from the carriageway by Works Department (PWD).
promoting growth of vegetation cover along the road shoulders and
preventing overflow to agricultural field.
7. Maintenance of Avenue Trees • Plantation will be undertaken by the BOT Contractor on an Contractor in consultation with
aggressive note along the whole stretches on both sides of the PWD
road. Authorities and State Forest
Department.
• Employment of local population for the maintenance of the avenue

plantation along the ROW in the initial 3 to 4 years.
8. Human Health and Safety • Vulnerable stretches which are prone to accidents will be identified. Contractor in consultation with
• Adopt safety measures and other control measures for regulating MPCB,
traffic in such areas by: State Public Health Works
- Installing proper road signs, marking along the whole Department

NO. SUPERVISING
ORGANISATION/
AUTHORITY
stretch of the tolled highway in form of cautioning,
informatory and mandatory signs of gantry mounted
overhead sizes.
- Installing precautionary road signs for controlling vehicle
speed in urban areas and curved stretches.
• Providing Service Roads on either side of the Project Highway to

accommodate local and non-motorized traffic.
• Improvement of road intersections.
• Provision of underpasses near populated area, grazing grounds

and wildlife habitats.
• Provision of trucks lay-byes, bus bays and roadside access

arrangements at required locations.
• Provision of rail and guards along the kerb, for physical separation
in densely populated stretches.
• Provision of suitable lighting arrangements at intersections.
9. Reconstruction and Shifting and relocation of drinking water sources and religious structures in Contractor in consultation with
Maintenance of drinking water consultation with concerned local people and following judicious engineering the
sources like hand pump, well, design. Affected People and Public
water huts and religious Works
structures like temples falling
within the ROW Department.
Monitoring and Reporting Procedures
If high pollutant levels are suspected, services of CPCB or private sector laboratories will
be availed to verify the measurements on routine basis. Photographic records will be
established to provide useful environmental monitoring tools. A full record will be kept as a
part of normal contract monitoring.
a) Coordination between Highway design and environmental Issues

Environmental issues were taken into consideration during the design phase through
discussions and coordination with the highway design team. The following describes
design options, which were considered by regional NGOs, PWD and Forest officials in
order to minimize impacts on the natural, social and cultural environments.
b) Overview of Highway Design
Improving the project road will comprise mainly widening of existing two-lane facility to four
lanes one within available ROW avoiding/minimizing land acquisition as far as possible
except for locations where provisions of short bypasses/diversions or other safety and
operations are considered.
Adequate drainage measures in the form of longitudinal and cross slopes have been
incorporated for adequate drainage leading to a system of longitudinal and mitre drains for
dispersion of natural topography waterways.
c) Design in settled Areas
Visual change in the colour from black to green (turf) of the roadway itself is an identifier to
the motorist of a different environment.
Roadway illumination at junctions and important urban areas to increase night visibility and
safety.
Modified cross sections promote lower speeds. The type of cross sections will depend on
the extent and density of settlement.
Other actions were considered to improve traffic flow and safety. These included:
Examining areas outside the ROW where improvements made to attributes can improve
road conditions. These included potential sites for improving drainage, providing off-road
parking and upgrading public site bus depot and wayside amenities.
Upgrading of bus stops. Frequently pavements are not widened for bus stops and in some
locations the widening is utilised by waiting passengers. The result of these circumstances
is that buses frequently stopped in travelled lane to load and unload passengers. Widening
of pavement at bus stops to provide pullouts for the bus and delineating a passenger
waiting are by utilisation of paving stones the congestion and safety at bus stops.
3.7 Reporting
3.7.1 Reporting Arrangement
The reporting system will operate linearly with the contractor who is at the lowest rung of
the implementation system reporting to the Supervision Consultant, who in turn shall report
to the PIU (NHAI). All reporting by the Contractor and Supervision Consultant shall be on a
quarterly basis. The PIU (NHAI) shall be responsible for preparing targets for each of the
identified EMAP activities. All subsequent reporting by the contractor shall be monitored as
per these targets set by the PIU (NHAI) before the contractors move on to the site. The
reporting by the Contractor will be through a monthly progress report on construction and
will form the basis for monitoring by the PIU (NHAI), either by its own Manager
(Environment) or the Environmental Specialist hired by the Supervision Consultant. The
recorded data will be maintained at least for two years after the completion of the project
and will be produced as and when required for the verification.
3.7.2 Recording of Data
The monitored data is to be recorded in the standard formats for air, water and noise
effluent quality. All such monitored data is to be compared with established standards for
air, water and effluent quality and noise levels (CPCB). If recorded values exceed the
standards, then controls must be implemented through instructions to the contractor.
Photographic record of sites / locations will be useful as an Environmental monitoring

instrumental tool. A full record of such photographs will be kept as part of normal contract
monitoring. Besides, filling of the Environmental Monitoring Questionnaire based on visual
observations and public consultations will help in reduction of the unnecessary tests. A full
photographic record of pre-construction conditions will be developed for monitoring
purposes.
Major baseline surveys are not considered necessary for monitoring purpose other than
identification and qualification of trees to be removed during construction. The criteria for
the removal of trees will be based on the finalized alignment design and as per the
schedule of road widening only.
3.7.3 Record keeping
The recorded data focus attention on environmental issues and provide feedback whether
further monitoring is required or not. Besides, daily project diaries will be maintained and
environmental problems (spills, dust, noise, etc) as well as safety incidents will be
recorded and retained. Diary entries will be summarised in regular environmental reports
provided to the sponsoring agency through PIU
4.0 Arboriculture & Landscaping

4.1 General
The widening of the proposed road will result in the cutting of about 7478 trees and
will lead to ecological degradation. There will be loss of vegetation cover in the
forest areas as the project road passes through forest area. In order to conserve
the vegetation and to compensate for the lost trees due to widening along the
project road sections, an arboriculture and landscaping plan has been prepared.
This can be done through proper plantation and selection of plant species as per
climatic / site conditions.
4.2 Objective
The landscaping along the project road should be planned in such a manner to
improve the overall visual and environmental quality of the project area. Often, as a
result of indiscriminate planting and thoughtless replacements, our roadside
avenues through out the study area have become very much mixed. The difference
in the shape of their crowns and the rate of their growth, provide patchy
appearance and from a distance present a zigzag skyline. On the other hand,
avenues with single species for a number of miles will look harmonious and
pleasant and the skyline will be regular and wavelike. It is therefore, essential that
a mixture of different species is avoided and trees of single species are planted
over long stretches of the road. This will not only improve the appearance but also
render management economic, re-plantation easier and will rationalize their
exploitation for commercial purposes. The objectives of the landscaping plan are:
 To enhance the visual quality of the project road

 To compensate for the trees proposed to be cut
 To reduce air and noise pollution
 To check the soil erosion and reduce water logging
 To provide aesthetic appearances, shade and ornamentation
 To have selective plantation at bus stops / rest areas / truck lay-byes
 To provide enhancement of common property resources i.e. cultural sites,
ponds, market places etc.
Highway landscaping includes, both with principles of highway design, such as

alignment, cross-section, structures etc., and the development of roadside for best
use of the travelers. A balanced agreement between these principles is essential to
achieve the best designed highway. The purpose is to avoid environmental

degradation, which is often associated with development. Landscaping needs,
therefore, be given due considerations at all stages of planning, design and
construction, and not merely at the end after the road has already been completed.
Landscaping of project road includes all aspects that affect the appearance of the
road environment and the natural environment through which the road passes.
Trees are predominant features in landscape design. Mistakes committed in

selection of trees before plantation may be difficult to correct at later stage. Careful
selection and use of appropriate planting material will accomplish the functional
requirement and provide better landscaping of the highway.
4.3 Selection of Plant Species

In general, trees which are quick growing and at the same time, provide dense
shade should be planted. Trees with umbrella or sub-umbrella crown like Neem
and Mango are more suitable than trees with a linear elongated crown like Teak,
Eucalyptus etc. Trees, which provide shade and also yield valuable timber or fruit,
are considered more desirable. The plant types to be selected for plantation are
based on keeping in mind the following considerations:
Shade
Large and spreading shade trees, with thick foliage have been proposed in the
innermost edge. Medium evergreen trees will be planted in the settlement areas as
evergreen trees do not have substantial leaf fall and do not clog the drains and
create nuisance.
Screening
Plantation of hardy shrub dwarf species in the median to prevent glare from the
vehicles moving from the opposite direction during night. A mix of medium and
large trees along roadside to screen the evening glare for the traffic moving
towards west-northwest. Screening plantation as a visual barrier near sensitive
areas like schools, hospitals etc.
Aesthetics
 Provision of flowering trees in settlement areas and major junctions
 Provision of flowering shrubs in the median.
Fruit, fodder and Fuel
Provision of trees that have economic importance for use by local village people.
4.4 Types of Trees / Species

Trees to be planted on highways will be selected with due regard to weather
condition, rainfall, soil, temperature, water level and pollution scenario of the area.
Only those trees will be grown along the highway, which provide thick shade and
are also valuable.
All along the highway, shade trees like Arjun (Terminalia Arjuna), Albizzia- spp.,
Jam (Syzygium spp.), Shesham (Dalbergia sissoo), Mango (Mangifera indiaca),
Pitali (Trewia nudiflora) etc. has been proposed for plantation.
At congested areas, trees known to behave as ‘pollution sink’ has been proposed
for plantation. Trees like Mango (Mangifera indica), Sissoo (Dalbergia sissoo),
Ashok (Sarca indica) etc. absorb the pollutants; filter the air from pollutants, and act
as noise barriers in an effective manner.
Near sensitive areas like schools and hospitals, tall trees with thick canopy will be
proposed. They act as windscreen through which air can be filtered and the noise
levels can be reduced considerably. Examples of such trees are Pipal (Ficus
religiosa), Bargad (Ficus bengalhensis), Ashok (Sarca indica) etc.
Keeping these considerations in mind and in consultation with Divisional Forest
Officers of Gujarat and Rajasthan forest division, the following species of trees /
plants have been recommended for plantation in the project area (Table - 4.1).
Table - 4.1: Species Proposed for Plantation

Sr.
Scientific Name Indian Name
No.
1
Terminalia Arjuna Arjuna
2
Azadirachita Indica Neem
3
Jacaranda Mimosaefolia Nili Gulmohar
4
Mangifera Indica Aam
5
Millindtonia hortensis Akas Neem
6
Tamarindus Indica Imli
7
Albizzia Procera Siris
8
Bauhinia Uariegata Kachnar
9
Crataeva religiosa Barna
10
Ficus religiosa Pipal
Plant species will be planted at a spacing of 10 m.
4.5 Methodology
Step 1: The data on surplus land within the ROW, after the finalization of
alignment is compiled
Step 2: Number of trees to be cut at different chainage along the road was
analyzed. Estimate was made for additional trees / plants to be replaced.
Step 3: The climatic data where the new plants are to be sown was collected so
that the types of trees to be planted are chosen as per the climatic
conditions.
Step 4: Data on the type of species to be planted was collected in consultation

with District Horticulture Societies in the project areas. Overall
environmental scenario was kept in view while designing the arboriculture
and landscaping plan.
It is proposed to have minimum 168 trees / km along the project road including
existing trees. If found necessary additional trees shall be plated as per the
instructions of the engineer in-charge at site.
4.6 Landscaping
Highway landscaping includes, both with principles of highway design, such as
alignment, cross-section, structures etc., and the development of roadside for best
use of the travelers. A balanced agreement between these principles is essential to
achieve the best designed highway. The purpose is to avoid environmental
degradation, which is often associated with development. Landscaping needs,
therefore, be given due considerations at all stages of planning, design and
construction, and not merely at the end after the road has already been completed.
Landscaping of project road includes all aspects that affect the appearance of the
road environment and the natural environment through which the road passes.
Trees are predominant features in landscape design. Mistakes committed in

selection of trees before plantation may be difficult to correct at later stage. Careful
selection and use of appropriate planting material will accomplish the functional
requirement and provide better landscaping of the highway.
4.6.1 Design for plantation of Trees
Homogenous Plantation
One, two or more rows (if surplus land is available) of selected tree species,
equidistant from each other will be recommended for plantation in areas without
existing vegetation or landscape features. However one continuous row of trees
has been taken into considerations for plantation along the road. The minimum
spacing between plants is 10 m. The last row of the trees will be planted on the
NHAI right of way (ROW) so that it will act as a demarcation line of the ROW and
restrict any encroachment into the NHAI land
Heterogeneous Plantation
Avenues / Plantations of a single variety of trees look graceful because of the

symmetry and uniformity of their appearance. However, sometimes, a pleasant
view along the road can be created by planting combination of flowering trees of
contrasting colour, form and foliage in which more than one species is involved.
This type of plantation pattern is widely known as heterogeneous plantation. This
type of plantation pattern is widely known as heterogeneous plantation. In this,
colour combination plantation, selection of trees is more important. For this,
maximum attention is paid to the selection of tree species, focusing on species
which flower at the same time and blend colours of flowers in a manner that does
not interfere and instead creates soothing conditions to give rest to the eyes and
refresh the mind of the travelers for long and safe drive.
4.6.2 Toll Plazas
In the case of toll plazas large trees have been proposed which are slightly
different in planting style to give a distinctive identity from roadside planting.
The details of toll plaza design have been included in engineering design.
4.6.3 Junctions
The main considerations in landscaping of junctions are visibility, drainage,

aesthetics and maintenance. The details of junction improvement and
landscaping design have been included in engineering design.
For good visibility, shrubs and trees should not be planted at junctions.
Moreover, if shrubs are planted, the topsoil that is exposed around the
shrubs will wash off with storm water run off thus clogging the catch pits.
Only turfing would be envisaged in these areas to soften the harsh black
tarmac of the road. To give a pleasant shape and scale to the environment,
their dimensions are fixed by proposing mounds with turfing on slopes.
Planting of trees and shrubs can be envisaged only at the border of RoW
and in the center, which has been previously dealt with in roadside planting.
Plantation of trees would be recommended at about 10 to 12 meters from

the centerline of the outer carriageway of the highway. On an average,
minimum 2-3 rows of trees along each side of the highway would be planted
(depending on availability of RoW). However, dense planting is
recommended perpendicular to the highway and the adjoining
developments like rest areas, toll plazas, fuel filling stations, which will act
as a visual screen and baffle against noise and dust. Dense shade trees will
be very useful in hot summer afternoon.
4.6.4 Median
The proposed median (2.0 to 4.5 m) of road will be planted with shrubs of
low or medium height for prevention of the headlight glare. The median up
to 4.5 m width will be planted with single row and median with more then
4.5 m width will be planted with 2 rows. The center to centre spacing of
shrubs will be 4 m. Following types of grass / shrubs may be planted on the
medians:
Table 4.2: List of shrubs proposed for plantation

Sr.
No.
1 Nyctanthes arbor-tristis Shiyari
2 Helictres isora Atedi
3 Capparis sepiara Kanther
4 Triumfetta rotund folia Zipato
5 Lantana camara Dalia
6 Gymnosporia spinosa Vikro
7 Euphorbia nivulia Thor
8 Acacia pinnatawfx Khirwel
9 Clerodendron plomides Arani
10 Cassia auriculata Awal
11 Zizyphus mauritiana Bordi
12 Zizyphus glabrata Bordi
13 Bauhinia purpurea Champo
14 Zizyphus nummularia chanibor
15 Lantana camara Dario
16 Woodfordia fructicosa Dhayati
17 Prosopis juliflora Gando bawal
18 Randia uliginosa Gangad-kaujo
19 Grewia tenax Gangeti
20 Zizyphus glaberrium Ghut bordi
21 Balanites aegyptica Ingor
22 Ocimum Sp. Jungli Tulsi
Sr.
No.
23 Balario prionitis Kantalo ashalio
24 Carissa carandas Karmadi
25 Holarrhena antidysenterica karukdo
26 Capparis decidua kerdo
27 Flacourtia indica lodhari
28 Dichrostachys cinerea Velantaro
29 Gardenia resinifera Malan
30 Lawsonia intermis Mehndi
31 Randia dumitorum Mindhal
32 Cassia montana Moti awal
33 Calotropis gigantea Moto akdo
34 Vitex nigundo Nagod
35 Dendrocalamus strictus Vans
36 Ixorea arborea Nevari
37 Tecoma undulata Roydo
4.6.5 Turfing
Earthwork on embankment is proposed to be turfed in the untreated

shoulder portion as well as on the side slopes to protect it from erosion.
Toe of the slopes of the embankment would be rounded off and planted
with shrubs to reduce the chances of erosion.
4.6.6 Roadside Borrow Areas
Roadside borrow pits disturb the natural setting of the ground and as such
are undesirable from landscaping angle. Effort should be to balance the
cuts and fills as far as possible so that borrow pits are altogether avoided.
But this is not generally practicable in the plain terrain especially where high
embankments are involved.
While selecting the roadside borrow areas, due considerations have been
given to the requirements set out in IRC: 10-1961. “Recommended
practices for borrow pits for the road Embankments constructed by Manual
Operations”.
These borrow areas / quarries shall be suitably treated to avoid any adverse
impact on the road landscape. Basic requirement is that the neighboring
ground should be rendered acceptable in appearance. To achieve this, the
cut faces should be regarded to a flatter slope and the corners rounded off.
Bottom of the pit should be sloped towards available natural outfalls so that
water does not stagnate. If the borrow area is sufficiently large, possibility of
converting it into the water spot to serve as a landscape feature should be
explored. Borrow Area Locations are given as per Annexure.
5.0 Environmental Enhancement Plan

5.1 General
Environmental Enhancements specifically refers to the positive actions to be
taken up during the implementation of the project for the benefit of the road users
and the communities living along the project corridor. These positive actions are in
addition to several other enhancements that occur inherently because of the very
nature of the project such as improved drainage, pedestrian facilities, prevention of
existing erosion, overtopping and flooding etc. as these improvements are in-built
in the design, as part of good engineering practices. The enhancements have been
carried out with the following objectives:
 To enhance the appeal and environmental quality of the project corridor to

its users,
 To enhance visual quality along the highway,
 To generate goodwill amongst the local community towards the project, by
enhancement of the common property resources.
5.2 Criteria for Selection

The criteria for selection of sites suitable for enhancement are:
 The importance of the local people
 The religious significance,
 The historical importance and
 The scope for enhancements.
The importance of the site for the local people as well as the historical significance
was identified through extensive discussions with the local community and general
observations of the sites and structures.
The scope of enhancement included the possibility of any further improvement,
availability of space for enhancements and the likely benefits for the local
community as well as the road users. Poor condition of some historical structures
was a constraint in selecting sites for enhancement. Such sites though having high
historical values exist in a very bad physical condition. At such places,
enhancement measures will not be effective unless main structure is restored,
which is beyond the scope of the project.
5.3 Design Concepts – Overview

The concept for enhancements is based on the suggestions given by the people.
Extensive community consultations were carried out on each of the enhancement
sites. The information gathered included.
Age of the structure,
Importance of the local people,
Religious significance, historical importance,
Extent of use,
Suggestions for enhancements,
Willingness of people to participate.
The site observation also provided vital inputs in concept formulation. It provided
the general information about the condition of the main structure and the
surrounding, visibility of the enhancement site from the project road, the scenic
beauty of the site as well as the surrounding area.
5.4 Elements for Enhancement

The various elements proposed for the enhancement measures are:
 Landscaping along the project corridor,
 Water bodies,
 Noise barriers for sensitive areas like schools, hospitals etc.
 Cultural properties
 Community resources,
 Road junctions / intersections.
5.4.1 Landscaping
Landscaping design have been prepared with the following objectives i.e.
aesthetics, shade and ornamentation, climatic amelioration, air and noise pollution,
soil erosion and siltation, wind and incoming radiation, enhancement of visual
experience of landscaping, compensation for the trees proposed to be cut,
plantation at bus stops / rest areas / truck lay byes etc. Aesthetics and landscaping
would be improved by planting trees @ 168 plants / km along the road
continuously. Planting shrubs on median at 2-4 m centre-to-centre spacing will also
enhance the carriageway
5.4.2 Water Bodies

The direct impact on the water bodies has been avoided by aligning the road on
side opposite to the locations of the ponds / lakes / water bodies.
The water bodies i.e. ponds / lakes along the project road have been considered
for the enhancement. The selection of the water body for enhancement has been
done on the basis for its communal importance, ecological and natural importance,
geometrical location as well as road user comfort.
The typical enhancement of the roadside ponds includes slope protection along the
highways, plantation / landscaping around the ponds etc. The typical enhancement
elements, enhancement measures / designs along with the brief descriptions are
presented herewith.
Water bodies Landscape
The landscape of the highways is often dotted by water resources along it. These
water bodies are often natural depressions with seasonal or perennial inflows of
water or manmade depressions such as borrow areas filled with rainwater or
surface runoff.
Water bodies are functional water percolation tanks, washing, bathing, fishing and
livestock drinking water spots. Hard landscape treatment includes provision of
stepped access to the edge of water, providing flat boulders for washing, providing
washing platform, stone pitching for slope stabilization of roadside banks. Soft
landscape treatment involves planting of shade trees around the activity areas and
shrub plantation for stabilization of the pond edges.
5.4.3 Noise Barriers

The impacts due to high noise levels will be more critical at the various urban
locations, due to the larger number of receptors and their continuous exposure to
high noise levels from the traffic. The shielding of the noise from the highway shall
call in for the provision of barriers for the attenuation for the entire length of the
settlements. Either the sound waves can be controlled near the source or the
receptor can be shielded. Since safety of road using vehicles is of paramount
importance, a specific clear distance needs to be maintained from the pavement.
Hence, the only viable option is to provide a shield around the receptor.
The noise attenuation can be worked out by the adoption of the following types of
noise barriers.
Physical barriers in the form of walls, screens etc.
Structural modifications at the receptor locations, in the form of provision of double-

glazing etc.
Rearrangement of the sensitive locations, through changes in the internal planning

wherever possible,
Eastern berms between the highway and the receptor and,
Vegetative barriers in the form of thick screen of vegetation.
Evaluations of the various types of noise barriers have been made. Based on their
suitability and extent of noise attenuation, specific measures for the mitigation of
noise have been worked out for several locations.
The typical noise barriers include:
5.4.3.1 Physical Barriers
Provision of a physical barrier shall attenuate noise levels up to a maximum of 20

dB (A). As they do not require any space, they can be easily constructed.
The provision of such barriers for the entire length of the settlement has avoided
due to the following:
 The high cost involved in the construction of such barriers

 The presence of such a barrier severs the community on either side of the
highway, preventing crossroad access and causes a visual blight
 The barrier facilitates opportunistic encroachment for urban squatters. The
availability of a free wall on a public land encourages the squatters to erect
structures within RoW.
5.4.3.2 Earthen Berms
Earthen berms, though they require a larger area, can effectively reduce the noise
levels up to 23 dB (A). Earthen berms require a much larger base since the angle
of repose of the material used for the berms governs the height it can be raised to.
Such a large area is not available along urban settlements or congested stretches
of road.
5.4.3.3 Vegetative Barrier
The provision of vegetative barriers for attenuation of noise levels can reduce the
sound by 10 dB (A). The vegetative barriers similar to earthen berms require a
considerable area, and for the attenuation of 10 dB (A), require a barrier of depth of
40m. Such land acquisition will result in considerable social disruption and loss of
livelihood of the various communities.
5.4.3.4 Other Structures
This shall involve the introduction of the barrier to absorb the incoming sound
waves completely and not allow any diffracted or reflected waves to reach the
receptor. Other measures for noise levels reduction at the sensitive receptors as
the structural modifications or changes in the internal layout of these locations will
call in for a construction with the community and incorporation of their perceptions
on the proposed actions.
5.4.4 Cultural Properties

The enhancement of the cultural properties shall be done in light of the following
objectives:
 To promote qualitative development and infuse greater meaning in the road

environment,
 To beautify and enhance the experience of traveling by beautifying the cultural
assets of the highway,
 To restrict the cultural properties from further encroaching upon the RoW, and
 To develop some cultural properties as rest areas so that the road travelers and
local community benefit from them.
The typical enhancement measures include site clearance, fencing, improving
access, informatory signage, metal railing, plantation, retro-reflectorised measures,
parking provision, road marking, cautionary signage, paving, site treatment,
creation of buffer zones, seating arrangement etc.
Tree Plantations at Locations of cultural properties

At locations of religious significance worship of certain trees, supposed to be
possessed of spirits has at all times been practiced in all parts of the country.
There are many such trees regarded as objects of veneration or esteemed as
examples of some special virtue.
Some of the common trees and shrubs suitable are mentioned below:
Ficus religiosa (Pipal) Emblica officinalis (Alma)
F. Benghalensis (Bargad) Plumeria acutifolia
Bombax ceiba (Semal) Prosopis cineraria (Khejri)
Kigelia pinnata Sterculia colorata
Azadirachta indica (Neem) Stereospermum xylocarpum
Naudia domestica Aegle marmelos

Nauclea cadamba (Kadam) Skimmia laureola
Nyctanthes arborristis (Harsinha)
The selection of cultural properties to be enhanced is based on the significance of

the cultural property. Significance of the cultural property has been determined on
basis of size of cultural property, material used to build cultural properties, its
emotions, cultural use value and ownership of the property. A typical design for the
cultural properties is described below:
Typical Temple enhancement
This includes construction / maintenance of platform (Chabuttra) in front of temple

to 0.5m height with cement concrete tiles. Brick lining around the existing tree, if
any, so that the person can use this as a shifting platform. Precast benches will be
provided for sitting purpose for the road users as well as local people at open area
on the left side of the road. Metal railing with reflected paint on front side facing
road and providing hazard marker to caution road users during night time etc.
If space available rows of trees will be planted along the road at a distance of 8 -10
m from the edge of road with 10m c/c spacing. The approach road to these
structures shall be strengthen / constructed.
5.4.5 Community Resources

The major enhancement measures identified for the community resources includes
creation of seating spaces, rehabilitation / relocation of the hand pumps / wells,
enhancement of market place and community gathering places etc. A brief
description of these measures is presented herewith.
Enhancement Design for Drinking Water Sources
A typical enhancement plans for the existing wells along the project road (which
are near to ROW) and are likely to be impacted due to the present activity has
been prepared. This includes structural rehabilitation of the wells and hand pump
as well as public water tap. To make these sources environmentally sound a typical
floriculture of the surrounding area has been proposed. This will also improve the
aesthetics of that area and road.
6.0 Budgets for EMP

Many of mitigative measures suggested in the preceding chapter will include costs
related to measures incorporated into engineering design, project scheduling, site
planning and preparation of Tender Document. The cost on this account should be
covered within the construction budget and should not be seen as items of cost for
implementing Environmental Management Plan. The estimated environmental cost
considered here will include:
a) During Construction Phase
• Tree Plantation
• Provision of Sanitation at Workers Colony
• Provision of air, noise and dust barrier/special screens
• Hand pump/Wells Relocation
• Dust Suppression
• Erosion Control Measures along high embankment stretches
b) During Operation Phase
• Air Pollution Monitoring
• Noise Monitoring
• Water Quality Monitoring
• Maintenance of roadside plantation
A tentative costing including items required for implementation of the suggested
mitigation measures on various environmental components has been carried out. It
is found that the total cost of the implementing these mitigation measures on
different items will be 4.208 lakhs per year. Details of cost estimation are given for
Road side plantation of 4848 plants & flowering shrubs at median in Table 6.1
Compensatory and Road Side Plantation (Two trees in lieu of each tree cut)
Trees are getting affected in widening of the proposed highway section of package
- I will result in the removal of about 1616 trees/ plants. The detail cost is worked
out &as follows-
Table 6.1 Cost Estimates Compensatory and Road Side Plantation

Cost inclusive of digging pits (1m x 1m x 1m) filling with earth Rs 630,500 /-
and sand and manure @ Rs 250/- per plant
Seedlings at varying prices averaged to Rs 30/- each Rs 75,660 /-
Cost of maintenance @ Rs 50/- per plant, per annum for three Rs. 126,100 /-
years
Lump sum cost of shrubs 100% that of trees Rs. 832,260 /-
Planting flowering shrubs in median (@ 500 shrubs /km) @ Rs Rs. 13,506,250 /-
250/- per plant including 2 years of maintenance
Total cost of roadside plantation Rs. 15,170,770 /-
 Relocation of Utilities
 Pollution control (dust, water pollution) during construction
 Labour Camp sanitation
 Road safety
 Environmental Monitoring
Monitoring of air quality (Rs 5000 per sample x 2 samples per day Rs 1,20,000 /-
x 4 location x 3 quarters per year (excluding monsoon)
Monitoring of noise at Rs 2000/- season Rs 8000/-
Traffic monitoring at 3 locations for 3 days continuous at Rs 5000 Rs. 15,000 /-
per location
Annual cost of ecological survey to be done after first year and Rs. 20,000 /-
once in three years
Total Rs 1,63,000
6.2 Summary of cost estimate
Table 6.2 Cost Estimates for EMP Implementation

Capital Cost Recurring cost in
Item
(Amount in Rs.) Rs per year
Road side plantation 1,,664,520
Planting flowering shrubs at 13,506,250
median (@ 500 shrubs/km)
Environmental Monitoring - 1,63,000
during operation
Labour Camp Sanitation 100000 -
(10000/toilet x 10 toilets for
200 labourers)
Environmental Monitoring 326000 -
(Construction Stage for 2

years)
Total 15,596,770/- 1,63,000/-
Thus, for the proposed EMP, the total capital cost is 155,97 lakhs and the total
recurring cost is 1.63 lakhs per year.
7.0 Institutional Arrangement

7.1 General
In order to ensure that the mitigative measures pertaining to the identified adverse
environmental impacts are carried out properly, a requisite institutional
arrangement is essential. This will help in efficient follow up in the execution of
project as per standard design guidelines, environmental regulations, standards,
policies and legal framework.
7.2 Environmental Management System (EMS)

For the implementation of the project, the following organizations and their
representatives constitute the Environmental Management System (EMS):
Following figure 7.1 shows the various organizations involved for the
implementation of the project.
Representative
of Funding PIU (PWD) Design Consultant
Agency
Supervision Environmental
Consultant PROJECT Consultant/Unit
Public Participation
Contractor (Stakeholders
and NGOs)
Figure - 7.1 Institutional Arrangements
7.3 Duties of various Organizations in the EMS

A Project Implementation Unit (PIU) has been set up to look after various activities
including environmental management work.
The final road design has been prepared by Design Consultant based on standard
design guidelines and environmental & social impact considerations and
recommendations.
The supervision Consultant will supervise the day-to-day activities on behalf of PIU
i.e. technical supervision of works, overseeing the contract implementation, and
certification for payments including design and environmental management
responsibilities. The Supervision Consultant will also undertake regular inspection
audits of all aspects of work specified in Environmental Management Plan and will
report to the PIU.
The appointed Contractor will be responsible for undertaking all duties and works
assigned to him in the contract. The Contractor will work according to the
instructions of Supervision Consultant who will ensure that the works have been
executed as per standard specifications.
The representative of the Funding Agency of the project will / may monitor or
inspect the construction work and other activities as mentioned in the
Environmental Management Plan from time to time.
An environmental specialist is needed in the project to ensure proper

implementation of the EMP. This specialist may be with the PIU set up specifically
for the project or with the Supervision Consultant. The Environmental specialist will
set up an Environmental Management Unit (EMU) that should include a few
selected staff from the PIU to assist the specialized staff in monitoring and
implementation of EMP. The EMU will supervise the felling of trees, transplantation
of trees, compensatory plantation and their maintenance according to the
recommendations made in Environmental Management Plan and approval letter of
local Forest Department. EMU will also work and apply bio-engineering techniques
on the slopes of embankment and elevated sections of the road in low lying areas
as well as in hills, if, soil erosion is acute. During post-construction phase, local
Forest Department will maintain the transplantation and compensatory plantation.
Besides, EMU will also undertake the following activities:
 Follow policy, legal context and directions of local administrations,
 Organizing training for members of the EMU,
 Developing methods and operational tools for environmental assessment,
 Conducting environmental assessment,
 Ensuring internal coordination,
 Negotiating with other administrators and defining priorities, and
 Supervise Contractor in implementation of EMP.
7.4 Awareness & Training

7.4.1 Awareness
There is limited public appreciation for how environmental issues might be
addressed during highway construction. So, formal awareness and training of PIU
(PWD) and Contractor staff plus other members of the Environmental Management
Unit at various levels is necessary. There are several agencies and training
institutes in India who organize training in environmental management. A training
organization should be selected on the basis of the area of expertise of the
particular organizations.
Training may include, but not be limited to the following:

 Handling, storage and
 Construction activities in and
maintenance of
outside water bodies,
equipment/materials,
 Blasting/welding  Excavation and quarrying
 Stripping, hill cutting and
 Site clearance
tunneling
 Loading/unloading  Dust suppression
 Disposal of unserviceable  Control of soil erosion/land
wastes (solid and liquid) slide
 Analytical techniques for  Transplantation and
assessment of air, water, effluent compensatory plantation
and noise level including maintenance
 Risks and disaster
 Use of mask, glass and helmets
management
 Health care including vulnerable
diseases like AIDS, Malaria, etc
7.4.2 Training
The staff of PIU (PWD), the Contractor and the members of Environmental
Management Unit (EMU) at various levels, who are responsible for implementation
of the EMP, need to be trained on the effective implementation of mitigation
measures of the various environmental impacts. Some senior members of the PIU
will be given special training so that they can be given the responsibility of active
dissemination of the environmental issues within the rest of the organization.
7.4.2.1 Training Components
Table 7.1: Proposed Training Modules

Sr.
Target Group Subject (s) Method
No
1 PIU staff, Environmental Overview Lectures
Supervision Environmental Regulations,
Consultants Highway Related provisions
Environmental of various acts, EIA
Specialists, notifications, process and
methodology for EIA, EMPs
and their use.
2 Managers (Env) at Implementation of EMP Workshops and
PIU, Supervision Planning, Design and Lectures
Consultant’s execution of environmental
Environmental mitigation and enhancement
Specialists measures, monitoring and
evaluation of environmental
conditions during construction
and operation.
3 Managers (Env) at Environmentally Sound Seminars, Lectures
PIU, Supervision Construction Practices and Site visits
Consultant’s Clean Highway Construction
Environmental Technology, Waste
Specialists, minimization and
Contractor’s Staff management in construction
processes, Pollution Control
Devices, Handling, storage
and maintenance of
equipments / materials,
Control of soil erosion,
Transplantation and
compensatory plantation
including maintenance,
Borrow Area and
Construction Camp
Management, Health Care
Sr.
Target Group Subject (s) Method
No
Management, Environmental
Clauses in contract
documents and their
implications, Environmental
monitoring during
construction.
4 Managers (Env) at Monitoring Environmental Lectures,
PIU, Supervision Performance during Workshops and
Consultant’s Construction Seminars
Environmental Air, Water and Noise
Specialists Monitoring requirements and
techniques. Evaluation and
Review of Results,
Performance Indicators and
their applicability, corrective
actions possible, reporting
requirements and
mechanisms.
5 Managers (Env) at Long Term Environmental Workshops and
PIU Issues in Highway Seminars.
Management
Designing and implementing
environmental monitoring
procedures for air quality,
water quality, noise
assessment, data storage
and retrieval, and analysis,
contract documents and
environmental clauses, Risk
assessment and disaster
management
7.4.2.2 Training Institutes
There are several agencies and training institutes in India who organize training in
the above areas. Important among them are:
a) Confederation of Indian Industry (CII),

b) World Bank’s Economic Development Institute of Environment,
c) State Pollution Control Board (SPCB) / Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB),
d) Universities and Non-Government Organizations,
e) Research Institutions like:
 Central Road Research Institute (CRRI),
 Industrial Toxicology Research Centre (ITRC),
 National Botanical Research Institute (NBRI),
 Forest Research Institute (FRI), and
 National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI) & others.

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Package-I Detailed Project Report Vol-IV B EMP Report

7.4 Awareness & Training..................................................................................72

1.1 The Project

1.2 Project Components

 Schedule for implementing these actions,

1.4 Environmental Management Components

1.5 Structure of Report

This Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is a part of the environmental impact

2.0 Environmental Mitigation Plan (EMP)

 Provision of underpasses for wild life

 Precautionary measures like covering of

 The workplace should have proper

 Wastage of water during construction

 Water shall be sprayed at mixing sites, Environment

 At construction sites within 500 m of

the site conditions as applicable. The specification

contractor shall contact the tree authority s supplied

to carry out compensatory a forestation with EMP

as well as transplantation of trees.

7. Safety and Accidents

Table 2.2: ACTION SHEET 1

The uncollected construction debris can also contribute to

Table 2.3: ACTION SHEET 2

Table 2.4: ACTION SHEET 3

Table 2.5: ACTION SHEET 4

Table 2.6: ACTION SHEET 5

Phase-wise plantation should be taken up by the forest

3.0 Monitoring & Reporting

3.2 Performance Indicators

3.3 Responsibilities for Monitoring

3.4 Routine Monitoring

Standard methodology as described in manuals, guidelines, etc. is to be followed as outlined

Hydrocarbons (HC) will be regularly monitored at designated locations and analyzed in

Table 3.2: National Ambient Air Quality Standards

** 24 hourly / 8 hourly values should meet 98 percent of the time in a year

3.4.2 Water Quality Monitoring

Table 3.3: Primary Water Quality Standards

Table 3.4: Indian Standard Drinking Water Specifications: IS 10500:1991

3.4.3 Noise Quality Monitoring

Table 3.5: National Ambient Noise Quality Standards

3.5 Monitoring Plan

Table No. 3.6: Components for Monitoring

Noise Level Yawat, Kurkumbh 24 hours Continuous Once in a year

Parameter Locations Duration Frequency

Roadside Plantation All along the highway Regular Regularly

3.6 Mitigation Measures

Table 3.7 Implementation Schedule with Responsible/Supervising Organization/Authority

22. Drainage System • Development of existing drainage system Contractor in

• Maintaining the drainage system by removing silt deposition or any

• Plan and control development activity.

• Removal, cleaning of squatter and temporary hutments of

• Confinement and absorbing of the pollutants at source by creating

• Enforcing different control measures to check the pollution (e.g.

• Minimization of use of horns near sensitive locations/silence zones

SL. PROJECT RELATED ISSUES ACTIONS TO BE TAKEN RESPONSIBLE/

with the help of sign boards in proper places.

• Provide noise barriers with roadside plantation.

• Employment of local population for the maintenance of the avenue

SL. PROJECT RELATED ISSUES ACTIONS TO BE TAKEN RESPONSIBLE/

• Providing Service Roads on either side of the Project Highway to

• Improvement of road intersections.

• Provision of underpasses near populated area, grazing grounds

• Provision of trucks lay-byes, bus bays and roadside access

• Provision of suitable lighting arrangements at intersections.