Introduction to the

Philosophy
of the Human
Person
Quarter 2- Module 3
Intersubjectivity
What I Need to Know?

At the end of this module, the learners will be able to:

1. discuss intersubjectivity and how it defines human interactions and

relationships;
2. appreciate the talents and contributions to society of differently-abled persons
and those from the underprivileged sectors of society; and,
3. perform activities that demonstrate the talents of differently-abled persons
and those from the underprivileged sectors of society.

The following are your guides for the proper use of this module:

1. Follow closely the instructions in every activity.

2. Be honest in answering and checking your exercises.
3. Answer the pre-test before going over the material to find out what you
already know.
4. Answer the exercises at the end of every lesson.
5. Review the lesson that you find difficult to understand.
6. Seek assistance from your teacher if you need help.
7. Ask permission from your parents/guardians whenever you have research
and requirements to be conducted outside your home.

What I know?
A. Answer each questions correctly in its corresponding item. Write your answers in
your activity notebook.
1. It refers to the unique relationship between distinct subjects.
a. human interaction c. self-awareness
b. intersubjectivity d. transcendence
2. Which of the following allows the person to give himself or herself to others
and receive others in his or her life and relate with them?
a. individuality c. shared emotions
b. interiority d. social context
3. Which is considered as a deeper level of self-other interaction?
a. knowledge of the existence of the other
b. awareness of the self as being seen by others
c. attentiveness to the surrounding environment
d. understanding the unique behavior of the others
4. What is the defining characteristic which sets apart human interaction from
the interaction of other animals as illustrated in Lesson One?
a. human freedom c. human touch
b. human gaze d. human words
5. What is the term used to describe a situation where an individual presents
himself or herself in a certain way when dealing with others?
a. “mirroring” c. “pretending”
b. “performing” d. “seeming”
6. A deeper and more genuine interaction is called _________.
a. awareness c. dialogue
b. conversation d. Interiority
1
7. How does authentic or genuine relationship occur between two individuals?
a. When the self realizes that the other is a unique individual
b. When two individuals begin to view each other as an other
c. When they acknowledge each other as distinct individuals
d. All of the above.
8. Which of the following statements about dialogue is correct?
a. Dialogue is confined to words.
b. Dialogue is exactly similar to conversation.
c. Only beings with inner life can engage in a dialogue.
d. It is possible to have a dialogue with material objects.
9. Which situation below clearly illustrates a dialogue?
a. asking a bystander for direction
b. talking about politics with a stranger
c. seeking for forgiveness from a parent
d. inquiring on goods from a storekeeper
10. Which of these statements indicate that the speaker is ready to engage in a
genuine dialogue?
a. “I tend to ignore strangers.”
b. “I wish you were gone.”
c. “I always treat people with respect.”
d. “I think my idea is always better.”
11. It refers to an important aspect of intersubjectivity that enables us to
experience another person’s emotions.
a. alienation c. dialogue
b. availability d. empathy
12. Which of the following circumstances depicts empathy?
a. laughing at the mistakes or shortcomings of others
b. feeling a friend’s grief over the death of a loved one
c. calling intellectually-challenged classmates as lazy students
d. All of the above.
13. It refers to the willingness of a person to be present and be at the disposal of
another.
a. alienation c. dialogue
b. availability d. Empathy
14. What is the ethics of care?
a. It encourages individuals to help others especially the vulnerable.
b. It emphasizes the moral dimension of relationships and interactions.
c. It emphasizes our moral obligation to respond to the needs of others.
d. All of the above.
15. What is alienation in the context of human interaction?
a. viewing people positively
b. considering the other people as mere objects
c. regarding others as distinct and authentic persons
d. believing that human actions are governed by selflessness

2
True or False. Write TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if it is wrong.

_______ 16. We have to accept that people have different views and beliefs from us.

_______ 17. Differently-abled persons share with the same dignity with all people.

_______ 18. The act of giving must be done in the spirit of mutual respect.

_______ 19. We help those in need to feel a lot better about ourselves.

_______ 20. Reflecting on our own interactions with others fosters positive
relationships.

Lesson 1: Intersubjectivity
What’s New?

Activity 1: Think of the people you encounter every day. Identify the persons to
whom you are most likely to say the following statements. Write their names on the
blanks.

“How are you today?”

“Did you hear the latest news?”
“May I see your work?”
“What must I do with my life now?”
“I appreciate everything you have done for me.”
“Without you, my life will have no meaning.”

1. What sets apart the people whom you are intimate with from the casual
acquaintances in your life?
2. Who are the people that you consider the easiest to relate to? Who among
them that you find difficult to get along with?
3. What is the importance of having a meaningful relationship to you?

What is It?
Filipinos in general love to watch drama on TV. Perhaps, you will agree that
Ang Probinsyano became so popular not just because it is an action-packed soap
opera but also because it is filled with a lot of discussions about relationships or
interpersonal relations that all of us can easily relate to. So, we laughed, cried, felt
threatened, grieved, loved, hoped, rejoiced, etc. together with Lola Flora, Cardo,
Alyana and the rest of the characters.

3
 The word interpersonal is made from the combination of the following: a.
inter = a prefix which means ‘between
b. person = which means ‘human’ or ‘individual’
c. -al = a suffix which means, ‘pertaining to’ or having the ‘character of’

Interpersonal thus, is a word we used in describing interactions

(pakikipagugnayan o pakikipag-halubilo) between people. In philosophy however,
when we say interpersonal relations we are referring to interactions that exist
between the Self (Ako) and the Other (lahat ng nakakasamuha mo, maging tao o
bagay). Can you recall some instances of interpersonal relations that you have
experienced so far?
Describe your most unforgettable experience of pakiki-halubilo below:
The interaction between the Self and the Other is related to the philosophical
concept of intersubjectivity. Similar to the word interpersonal, the word
intersubjectivity is also comprise of three groups of letters and/or words, namely:
a. inter = again this is a prefix which means ‘between’
b. subject = this refers to a person or thing that is being discussed with.
c. -ity = a suffix used to form nouns which expresses state or condition

From this, we can conclude that intersubjectivity means a condition of

relationship between subjects or persons. If I relate with a friend for example, and he
or she relates back to me, intersubjectivity occurs. Philosophically, this means that
when the Self recognizes the Other and the Other recognizes the Self,
intersubjectivity happens. To further get its meaning, study the excerpt from the
song, Awitin Mo at Isasayaw Ko by VST & Co., below: Ang isang pag-ibig
Ay parang lansangan
Na pandalawahan
Kaya't sa ating awit
Tayo ay magbigayan

Can you determine which line of the stanza above talks about
intersubjectivity? Why do you say so? Please share your thoughts below:
Intersubjectivity also carries the meaning of a unique relationship between
separate individuals or subjects. When we say unique, we are referring to the
relationship that a human person may experience when he or she engages in a very
intimate and personal relationship with
others. When a person, for example, loves
others, he or she gives himself or herself to
them and at the same time receives them
into his or her life and vice versa. This
mutual self-giving and receiving becomes
possible because of the person’s inner life
or interiority (panloob na buhay) where his
Photo by fotografierende from Pexels
4
or her thoughts, feelings, inner struggles, reactions, and the like “resides.” I believe
that there is someone in your life—a parent, friend, or a mentor— whom you feel
very close with. Maybe because of this closeness, both of you are able to share to
each other your inner thoughts and feelings without any reservation. How does it feel
then to understand and be understood by someone? How does it feel then to love
and be loved in return by this person? Please share some of your thoughts on this
on the space provided for below:
Intersubjectivity or the Self-Other interaction comes in two levels, which are:
a. First Level = this refers to the simple awareness of the Self about the
existence of the Other.
b. Deeper Level = this refers to the awareness of the Self as being seen by
Others.

Actually, you have constantly experienced these two levels of interaction in

your life. For instance, as you are reading this module by the window, you have
noticed that there are people who are passing by your house. In an instant, you have
become aware of the presence of these people who are both similar and different
from you in many aspects. This noticing or becoming aware of the presence of
Others already illustrates the first level of self-other interaction. But then, suppose
that one of them suddenly stops and looks straight at you in the eyes, automatically
you will become aware that this person is also conscious of your own presence as a
person. This particular self-consciousness marks the deeper level of self-other
interaction.

Now imagine again that this person who is staring back at you is not actually a
stranger but someone who is very familiar to you, perhaps, he or she is your crush.
This awareness of him or her gazing at you will result in a feeling of
selfconsciousness. In fact, several questions will begin to pop up in your head, such
as “What is he or she is thinking when he or she looks at me? “Is he or she is about
to say something to me?” Indeed, this unique phenomenon of the human gaze sets
our interaction as human persons apart from the interaction of other species.

Certainly, the awareness of the self in the other is an important element in all
other aspects of interpersonal interactions. The way we act or react with others is
often influenced by our ideas of how these people see us. Going back to my
example about your crush, if he or she smiles while looking back at you, perhaps you
will conclude that he or she likes you in return. And this idea will affect how you
behave when he or she is around. This is also true when considering social contexts.
Oftentimes, we modify our behavior depending on where we are. Our behavior in the
church, for example, is different from our behavior when we are at a lively party.
These actions of presenting yourself in a certain way when dealing with others or
your social context is what we referred to as seeming
“Seeming” may behave in two forms:

5
 a. Positive Seeming – the pleasant behavior we showed when we are in a
sacred place or in the presence of a very important person.
b. Negative Seeming – being “plastic,” “sipsip” or when expressing
manipulative behaviors to promote selfish interests.

Lesson 2: Authentic Dialogue

What’s New?

Activity 1: “Complete Me”

Complete the conversation below. Write the best reply that you
can give inside the dialogue box.

Anak, I will never leave you despite

your condition. I am very proud of
you. You are God’s gift, my greatest
treasure. I will always walk with you in
your struggles. I will bear all the pain
because I love you…

Icons made by <a

href="https://www.flaticon.com/a
uthors/freepik"
title="Freepik">Freepik</a>
from <a
href="https://www.flaticon.com/"
title="Flaticon">
www.flaticon.com</a>

1. What thoughts and feelings that have emerged while you were writing your
response on the dialogue box?
2. What do you think is the reason why this particular parent utters these words
to his or her child?
3. What can you say about the parent-child relationship as depicted in the
conversation?

What is It?

6
 You may have not yet forgotten Lily Cruz in the telenovela “Wild Flower.” One
of the most striking moments there was when she changed her identity to Ivy Aguas
in order to exact revenge to the Ardientes. However, unlike that of Lily, most of our
human interactions actually are based not on deception (panlilinlang) but on truth.
Because of our dignity and goodness, our interactions are geared toward what is
good and beneficial. This deeper and more genuine interaction is called dialogue.

A genuine dialogue is attained when all of the following conditions are present:
a. When the Self realizes that the Other is a unique or distinct person;
b. When the two individuals begin to view each other as an Other;
c. When the two persons truly acknowledging the presence of each other.

Have you experienced then having a genuine dialogue with someone? What
do you think is the difference between having a casual conversation with a stranger
on recent events and discussing more personal issues like life goals, emotional
problems, or moral dilemmas with your friends or family? Please share your thoughts
on the space below:
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________

Ordinarily, we
understand dialogue as having any
conversation with someone.
However, it does not always follow
that because when you are talking
with someone, you are already in
dialogue with him or her.
Philosophically, a dialogue can only
occur when the words uttered and/or
the actions and gestures performed
are rooted in one’s inner life or Photo by Archie Binamira from Pexels
interiority. That is why, only beings
with interiority (panloob na buhay) are capable of engaging in dialogue. Here, a
person’s words, expressions, and body language becomes the way by which he or
she is able to express a part of himself or herself to another person. On the other
hand, the person is also capable here of receiving the words, thoughts, emotions,
and ideas of another person. A dialogue, therefore, happens when two persons
“open up” to each other and give and receive one another in their encounter.

Have you seen a mother caressing her new-born child? Do you think that a genuine
or authentic dialogue occurs between them? Why? Why not?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________

7
Introduction to the
Philosophy
of the
Human Person
Quarter 2- Module 4
Intersubjectivity

8
Lesson 3: Interaction with the
Disadvantaged
Learning Competency: Appreciate the talents of persons with disabilities and
those from the underprivileged sectors of society and
their contributions to society (PPT11/12-IId-6.1)

Explain that authentic dialogue means accepting others

even if they are different from themselves
(PPT11/12-IId-6.3
What’s New?

Activity 1: “I Want to Be Your Friend”

Write inside the boxes the names of four people whom you consider as
belonging to the underprivileged sector in your community. Then indicate the
level of your relationship with him or her using the following symbols:

- Intimate Friend - Acquaintance

- Casual Friend - Stranger

ME

1. How many of them are your intimate friend, casual friend, or acquaintance?
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________

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 2. Does their condition draw you to them or hinder you from befriending them?
Explain.
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________

3. How should we, as human persons, relate to the underprivileged?

______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________

What is It?

When was the last time you’ve watched Maalaala Mo Kaya (MMK)? Perhaps,
you were able to watch the episode entitled “Bangka” that talks about the struggle of
a young girl who was so motivated to reach her dreams of finishing her studies
despite her family’s experience of extreme poverty. As a student, she would regularly
brace the danger of swimming in an open sea just to arrive at school. I can still
remember even today how my heart somehow “felt” the girl’s own emotions as she
constantly struggled because of her dream, even if that story is never my own and
that I do not know her personally. Have you also experienced something similar to
this? What was it like? Write your thoughts or feelings about this on the space
below:
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________

As human persons, we have the capacity to experience the experience of

another just like the one I described to you about that MMK incident. Philosophers
call this human capacity to share the emotions of others as empathy, which is also
an important aspect of intersubjectivity. Perhaps you have already heard that
10
empathy can be understood as “feeling in” or “placing yourself into the shoes of
another.” For example, how would you behave around a friend who just informed you
that his or her parent has died? Empathy enables you not only to share your friend’s
grief and offer him or her comfort during this difficulty, but also to own the grief of
that person even if it was not your own parent’s death.

Can you cite another personal experience where you express empathy with
someone? Feel free to describe it to me on the space provided for below:
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________

Another characteristic of meaningful and genuine human relationships is

availability. Availability is the willingness of a person to be present and be at the
disposal of another. Filipinos are actually very good at this. For example, if you go to
an unfamiliar place and do not
know which way to go, normally
there are kababayans who will
approach you and extend their
help to you voluntarily. The
concept of availability means
that you are willing to be at one’s
side twenty four seven.
The ethics of care can help us
understand why we need to
make ourselves available for
Photo by Archie Binamira from Pexels others. This understanding
encourages individuals to help
other people, most especially the least, the lost, and the last because it is our moral
obligation to do so. What about you? If, let us say, a stranger approaches you in the
street asking for help, will you try to help that person or will you ignore him or her? If
you choose to ignore him or her, what could be some of the possible reasons of
doing so? Please defend your answer.
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________

Indeed, there are people who would simply ignore those who seek for their
help. They do this because they have a negative view about human relationships.
People having this negative view often suspect that any form of human action is
being influenced by selfish interests, hence, for them it should be seen as not
genuine or even deceptive (mapanlinlang). When a person adopts this kind of view,
he or she is said to be experiencing alienation. Alienation arises when a person
11
stops to view the other as an authentic person and merely considers the other
person as a mere object to satisfy his or her personal interests.
Have you already experienced alienation in your life? Probably yes. Will you please
describe that particular experience briefly on the space below? Thanks.
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________

Be that as it may, in spite of our negative experiences of human interactions,

we are still called to extend our hands in building a community of harmony. This is
very important especially that our world today seems to be surrounded with all forms
of conflicts and violence. We can only do this if we recognize that the other person is
the same as ourselves—a person with dignity that needs to be upheld and
respected.

What will you personally contribute for the establishment of a community of

harmony? Please elaborate.
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________

What’s More?

Activity 2.
1. Think of three (3) scenes from a movie, short film, or a TV show where (a)
empathy, (b) availability, and (c) alienation are well-demonstrated. Describe
the scene of the movie.
2. List your evaluations in the table below.
3. For the teacher: Use the rubric below to evaluate the output. (Rubric may be
changed depending on the agreement between the teacher/facilitator and the
learner).

12
 Scene Evaluation

Criteria Rating

The evaluation is clear, meaningful and

comprehensive 5 4 3 2 1
The evaluation is logically constructed i.e.
conclusion follows its premises 5 4 3 2 1
The evaluation shows depth in its
analysis and reflection 5 4 3 2 1

Movie/TV show scene Description Effect on human

(Empathy/Availability/Alienation) relationships

Lesson 4: Embracing Differences

Learning Competency: Appreciate the talents of persons with disabilities and
those from the underprivileged sectors of society and
their contributions to society (PPT11/12-IId-6.1)

Perform activities that demonstrate the talents of persons

with disabilities and those from the underprivileged
sectors of society (PPT11/12-IIe-6.4)
What’s New?

13
Activity 1: “Read Me”
Read the message below and decode its meaning. Write your answer
on the blank.

“yahaB obuk tihak itnum, gna namalah nood ya iras-iras.”

__________________________________________________

1. Were you able to decode the message? How long did it take you to do the
task?
______________________________________________________________

2. Do you find it difficult? Why? Why not?

______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________

3. If you were someone who endure a learning disability since birth, would it still
be possible for you to have skills and talents and excel from them? Explain.
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________

What is It?

Not all stories, movies, or telenovelas end happily. Many of them,

unfortunately, end with a sad note. Yet, what seems to be common among these
narratives is the realization of the main protagonist (bida sa kuwento) on the
necessity to accept the things that had already gone by and to embrace all past
experiences—may they be good or bad. And when he succeeded to do that, he or
she become at peace with himself or herself.

In similar manner, the acts of accepting (pagtanggap) and embracing

(pagyakap) all our differences are also beneficial especially in building a community
14
of harmony. Without a doubt harmony is hindered because some people have
intentionally refused to accept and embrace our diversity (pagkakaiba-iba). Some
individuals, for instance, overemphasize our differences and choose to favor one
look, behavior, view, belief, and idea over the other. In the process, some of those
who do not carry the characteristics that are preferred to by the majority in society
are the ones who usually receive rejection (pagtakwil), discrimination (pagtrato ng
hindi pantay), abuse (pag-abuso), neglect (pagpabaya), contempt (pag-alipusta),
and the like.

Have you experienced being bullied? What does the bullying experience
looked like? Why did it happen? Feel free to share your thoughts here:
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________

I am sure that you are already aware that there

are people in our society who have endured a lot of
hardships and discrimination because of their physical
or mental condition. As a group, we call them
differently-abled persons (may kakulangan sa
pagkatao). However, have you realized that despite
their limitations, these individuals can actually master
the same skills as those who are fully able? Have you
also realized that these individuals are actually having
their hopes and aspirations too, like us? And are you
aware that many of them are actually able to rise
above their disabilities and become productive and
happy individuals? Photo by Archie Binamira from Pexels
Do you know of someone who is differently-abled in your community? Describe and
explain the level of your relationship with him or her in the space below:
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________

Another group of people who are of the same condition with that of the
differently-abled persons are the underprivileged (walang kakayahan sa buhay).
They are called like that because they are poor materially. They are constantly
struggling to find means for living. Have you seen some them in your community?
How do you and your neighbors treat them? Why do you and your neighbors treat
them that way? Please share your thoughts on the space below:
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________

15
 Apart from people with disabilities and the underprivileged, there are also
others who are excluded from groups or society because they have been deemed
different. Who among your neighbors is considered by many to be “weird” or
“different”? How does this view affect the way you treat this person? Do you see
yourself befriending him or her? If you reflect on the way you relate to him or her,
can you say that you have been treating him or her as a person? Share your
thoughts on the space below:
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________

Now I want you to reflect on the people closest to you and evaluate if you
have been engaging in genuine dialogue with them. Can you say that your friends
have helped you become a better person? Think of the other people in your life. Who
do you feel can benefit from having a friend?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________

Reflecting on our interactions with others can better inform us of the

motivations of why we need to reach out for others. The knowledge of our capacity
for intersubjectivity will enable us to make better choices as we continue to relate
with others and uphold positive relationships in our lives.

What’s More?

Activity 2.
1. Look for at least three (3) differently-abled and three (3) underprivileged
persons who has made invaluable contribution to your community.
2. Make a profile of these chosen individuals.
3. Describe each of their background and significant achievements and deeds.
4. Use the format below as your guide but you can always modify it depending
on your own skills, creativity, and available resources.

16
 5. For the teacher: Use the rubric below to evaluate the output. Rubric may be
changed depending on the agreement between the teacher/facilitator and the
learner).

Name:
Address:
Age:
Photo Civil Status:
Special
Talents/Skills:
Occupation:
Invaluable
“Nickname” contribution to
the society:
What concrete
actions will you
do in order to
support him/her?

Profiling Activity

Criteria Rating

Content and ideas are organized in a 5 4 3 2 1

clear, logical manner.
The profile provides adequate if not 5 4 3 2 1
complete background information.
The profile employs standard grammar 5 4 3 2 1
conventions, proper punctuation, and
proper word choice.
The work is original. 5 4 3 2 1

What I Have Learned

17
 1. Interpersonal relations refer to interactions that are made possible between
the Self and the Other.
2. Intersubjectivity refers to the shared awareness and understanding among
persons. It is made possible by the awareness of the self and the other.
3. The relationship between the self and other enables the person to relate to
others and establish and maintain meaningful relationships.
4. “Seeming” action refers to the way a person presents himself or herself when
dealing with others. This is considered a natural and often unconscious act.
5. A deep and genuine relationship between persons is called a dialogue.
6. A dialogue occurs when two persons “open up” to each other and give and
receive one another in their encounter.
7. Empathy enables a person to place himself or herself in the shoes of others
and leads to a greater understanding and appreciation of others.
8. Availability refers to the willingness of a person to be present for another and
to render assistance to another.
9. The theory on the ethics of care believes that people have a moral obligation
to respond to the needs of others, and encourages individuals to extend help
to people in need.
10. Alienation refers to a state when a person stops to view the other as a distinct
and authentic person. Rather, the person considers others as mere things or
means to satisfy personal interests or desires.
11. Meaningful and beneficial human relationships are founded on the values of
acceptance, openness, and respect. As humans, we are driven by our shared
dignity to treat each other with respect and acceptance.
12. Our capacity for intersubjectivity and the opportunities it provides for fostering
personal growth and welfare will enable us to make better decisions as we
continue to uphold positive relationships in our lives.

What I Can
Do?

18
Write your reflection in your activity notebook.

Describe in detail a deep, genuine, and meaningful interaction that you have
experienced so far with another person and reflect on how this particular
encounter has affected you as a person.

Reflection

Criteria Rating

Content and ideas are organized in a 5 4 3 2 1

clear, logical manner.
The paper employs standard grammar 5 4 3 2 1
conventions, proper punctuation, and
proper word choice.
The paper is original and does not 5 4 3 2 1
contain plagiarized content.

Assessment

A. Encircle the letter that corresponds your answer. Write your answers in your
activity notebook.

1. It refers to the unique relationship between distinct subjects.

a. human interaction c. self-awareness
b. intersubjectivity d. transcendence

2. Which of the following allows the person to give himself or herself to others
and receive others in his or her life and relate with them?
a. individuality c. shared emotions
19
 b. interiority d. social context

3. Which is considered as a deeper level of self-other interaction?

a. knowledge of the existence of the other
b. awareness of the self as being seen by others
c. attentiveness to the surrounding environment
d. understanding the unique behavior of the others

4. What is the defining characteristic which sets apart human interaction from
the interaction of other animals as illustrated in Lesson One?
a. human freedom c. human touch
b. human gaze d. human words

5. What is the term used to describe a situation where an individual presents

himself or herself in a certain way when dealing with others?
a. “mirroring” c. “pretending”
b. “performing” d. “seeming”

6. A deeper and more genuine interaction is called _________.

a. awareness c. dialogue
b. conversation d. Interiority

7. How does authentic or genuine relationship occur between two individuals?

a. When the self realizes that the other is a unique individual
b. When two individuals begin to view each other as an other
c. When they acknowledge each other as distinct individuals
d. All of the above.

8. Which of the following statements about dialogue is correct?

a. Dialogue is confined to words.
b. Dialogue is exactly similar to conversation.
c. Only beings with inner life can engage in a dialogue.
d. It is possible to have a dialogue with material objects.

9. Which situation below clearly illustrates a dialogue?

a. asking a bystander for direction
b. talking about politics with a stranger
c. seeking for forgiveness from a parent
d. inquiring on goods from a storekeeper

10. Which of these statements indicate that the speaker is ready to engage in a
genuine dialogue?
20
 a. “I tend to ignore strangers.”
b. “I wish you were gone.”
c. “I always treat people with respect.”
d. “I think my idea is always better.”

11. It refers to an important aspect of intersubjectivity that enables us to

experience another person’s emotions.
a. alienation c. dialogue
b. availability d. empathy

12. Which of the following circumstances depicts empathy?

a. laughing at the mistakes or shortcomings of others
b. feeling a friend’s grief over the death of a loved one
c. calling intellectually-challenged classmates as lazy students
d. All of the above.

13. It refers to the willingness of a person to be present and be at the disposal of

another.
a. alienation c. dialogue
b. availability d. Empathy

14. What is the ethics of care?

a. It encourages individuals to help others especially the vulnerable.
b. It emphasizes the moral dimension of relationships and interactions.
c. It emphasizes our moral obligation to respond to the needs of others. d.
All of the above.

15. What is alienation in the context of human interaction?

a. viewing people positively
b. considering the other people as mere objects
c. regarding others as distinct and authentic persons
d. believing that human actions are governed by selflessness

B. True or False. Write TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if it is wrong.

_______ 16. We have to accept that people have different views and beliefs from us.

_______ 17. Differently-abled persons share with the same dignity with all people.

_______ 18. The act of giving must be done in the spirit of mutual respect.
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_______ 19. We help those in need to feel a lot better about ourselves.

_______ 20. Reflecting on our own interactions with others fosters

positive relationships.

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