http://books.google.com.ph/books?

id=Aw6ZA-LJ6jQC&pg=SA3-
PA77&dq=free+advanced+statistics+book&hl=tl&ei=SvhbTYb6M4eqvQPrq_3QDA&
sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCcQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&
f=false

http://books.google.com.ph/books?
id=3LhPwUhrVIcC&pg=PA205&lpg=PA205&dq=hypothesis+testing+problems+
+in+advance+statistics&source=bl&ots=Zj94UJmobs&sig=pChNykwdhE5PZ9stSMT
9ioc0oHQ&hl=tl&ei=IQJcTZf1G4GevgP8lLjZCw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&re
snum=5&ved=0CEQQ6AEwBDgK#v=onepage&q&f=false

http://books.google.com.ph/books?
id=Sf_rPhW7rEQC&printsec=frontcover&dq=free+advanced+statistics&hl=tl&ei=D
_lbTdigGI3UvQPkn4TUDA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CCw
Q6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=free%20advanced%20statistics&f=false

http://www.mathwizz.com/statistics/choosehyp.htm

http://sites.google.com/site/fundamentalstatistics/unit-6-anova-and-advanced-
hypothesis-testing

http://faculty.ksu.edu.sa/69424/EXAM%20324%20frist%2014281429/ex2.pdf

http://cnx.org/content/m11271/latest/

.) a.)A large university provides housing for 10% of their students a survey done shows that 63 out of the
481 who responded will be looking for housing the upcoming year, does this show evidence that they
should buy more housing? If needed use alpha of .05
b.) Of the above survey, 19 students did not respond, if they did, would it have changed the outcome?
Explain.

2.) a.)A company claims to have a average of 2% defective products, a test is taken and determines that
3 out of 100 parts are defective. Determine if this give evidence that the 2% claim is not true.
b.) How large of a sample must be taken in order to get a 90% confidence interval within .1%

Answers:

Let X be the number of success in n independent and identically distributed Bernoulli trials, i.e., X ~
Binomial(n, p)

To test the null hypothesis of the form

H0: p = p0, or
H0: p ≥ p0, or
H0: p ≤ p0

Assuming that n*p0 > 10 and n * (1-p0) > 10 (some will say the necessary condition here is > 5, I prefer
this more conservative assumption so that the approximations in the tail of the distribution are more
accurate) then
find the test statistic z = (pHat - p0) / sqrt(p0 * (1-p0) / n)

where pHat = X / n

The p-value of the test is the area under the normal curve that is in agreement with thealternate
hypothesis.
H1: p ≠ p0; p-value is the area in the tails greater than |z|
H1: p < p0; p-value is the area to the left of z
H1: p > p0; p-value is the area to the right of z

If the p-value is less than or equal to the significance level α, i.e., p-value ≤ α, then we reject the null
hypothesis and conclude the alternate hypothesis is true. If the p-value is greater than the significance
level, i.e., p-value > α, then we fail to reject the null hypothesis and conclude that the null is plausible.
Note that we can conclude the alternate is true, but we cannot conclude the null is true, only that it is
plausible.

The hypothesis test in this question is:

H0: p ≤ 0.1 vs. H1: p > 0.1

The test statistic is:

z = ( 0.1309771 - 0.1 ) / ( √ ( 0.1 * (1 - 0.1 ) / 481 )
z = 2.264605

The p-value = P( Z > z )

= P( Z > 2.264605 )
= 0.01176846

Since the p-value is less than the significance level of 0.05 we reject the null hypothesis and conclude the
alternate hypothesis p > 0.1 is true.

if the 19 who did not respond did and all answered that they did not need housing you'd have:

H0: p ≤ 0.1 vs. H1: p > 0.1

The test statistic is:

z = ( 0.126 - 0.1 ) / ( √ ( 0.1 * (1 - 0.1 ) / 500 )
z = 1.937926

The p-value = P( Z > z )

= P( Z > 1.937926 )
= 0.02631615

Since the p-value is less than the significance level of 0.05 we reject the null hypothesis and conclude the
alternate hypothesis p > 0.1 is true.

So no change in the conclusion.

2)

Hypothesis Test for proportions:

Let X be the number of success in n independent and identically distributed Bernoulli trials, i.e., X ~
Binomial(n, p)

To test the null hypothesis of the form

H0: p = p0, or
H0: p ≥ p0, or
H0: p ≤ p0

Assuming that n*p0 > 10 and n * (1-p0) > 10 (some will say the necessary condition here is > 5, I prefer
this more conservative assumption so that the approximations in the tail of the distribution are more
accurate) then

find the test statistic z = (pHat - p0) / sqrt(p0 * (1-p0) / n)

where pHat = X / n

The p-value of the test is the area under the normal curve that is in agreement with the alternate
hypothesis.
H1: p ≠ p0; p-value is the area in the tails greater than |z|
H1: p < p0; p-value is the area to the left of z
H1: p > p0; p-value is the area to the right of z

If the p-value is less than or equal to the significance level α, i.e., p-value ≤ α, then we reject the null
hypothesis and conclude the alternate hypothesis is true. If the p-value is greater than the significance
level, i.e., p-value > α, then we fail to reject the null hypothesis and conclude that the null is plausible.
Note that we can conclude the alternate is true, but we cannot conclude the null is true, only that it is
plausible.

The hypothesis test in this question is:

H0: p0 = 0.02 vs. H1: p0 ≠ 0.02

The test statistic is:

z = ( 0.03 - 0.02 ) / ( √ ( 0.02 * (1 - 0.02 ) / 100 )
z = 0.7142857

The p-value = P( Z > |z| )

= P( Z < -0.7142857 ) + P( Z > 0.7142857 )
= 2 * P( Z < -0.7142857 )
= 0.4750505

Since the p-value is greater than the significance level of 0.01 we fail to reject the null hypothesis and
conclude p = 0.02 is plausible.
large sample confidence intervals are used to find a region in which we are 100 (1-α)% confident the true
value of the parameter is in the interval.

For large sample confidence intervals for the proportion in this situation you have:

pHat ± z * sqrt( (pHat * (1-pHat)) / n)

where pHat is the sample proportion

z is the zscore for having α% of the data in the tails, i.e., P( |Z| > z) = α
n is the sample size

here we are only concerned with the error term and the width w.

z * sqrt( (pHat * (1-pHat)) / n) = w

n = pHat * (1 - pHat) (w/z) ^ -2

we have, w = 0.001
pHat = 0.02 from the above information
z = 1.645 for a 90% CI

n = 0.02 * (0.98) * (0.001 / 1.645) ^ -2

n = 53038.09

n must be integer valued. always take the ceiling to make sure you have the correct size for the interval

n = 53039.

[2003] Joe Smith was running for mayor. His campaign manager
estimated that he needed at least 40% of the popular vote in order
to win. A poll of 400 people was taken and 150 indicated they would
vote for Smith.
a) If we use a 10% level of significance, does he have sufficient
support?
b) Construct a 90% confidence interval on the percentage who will
vote for Smith.

Solution part a): The campaign manager is concerned if support

falls below 40%. So, we set up our hypotheses as:

H0: p = 0.4
H1: p < 0.4
Because α = 0.1, we reject the null hypothesis if Z < -1.282, where:

and q = 1-p. In our case, we have:

Plugging these values into the formula for Z, we get Z = -1.0206.

Since -1.0206 > -1.282 we do not reject the null hypothesis and
conclude that Smith has enough support to win the election.

Solution part b): The formula for our confidence interval for p is:

In our case, we have:

Plugging these numbers into the formula, we have:

0.375 - 0.0398 < p < 0.375 + 0.0398

0.3352 < p < 0.4148

So the support for Smith lies between 33.52% and 41.48% based on
the evidence.

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[2005] A certain intersection had an accident rate of 1 accident per

1000 vehicles. A study suggested that partial obstruction of the stop
sign by a tree branch could be partly to blame. The branch was
trimmed and the traffic was monitored for 10,000 vehicles. During
this period, there were 8 accidents. Did trimming the tree branch
help? Use a p-value to reach your conclusion.

Solution: If trimming the tree branch helped, we would

expect fewer accidents. So we set up our hypotheses as:
H0: p = 0.001
H1: p < 0.001

Because of the sample size, we can use Z because of the Central

Limit Theorem.

We will reject the null hypothesis for low p-values where p-value =
P(Z < test statistic).

Our formula for Z is

where q = 1 - p. We have:

Plugging these numbers into the equation we get Z = -0.6328.

Our p-value is P(Z < -0.6328) = 0.2634

Because of the high p-value, we do not reject the null hypothesis

and conclude that trimming the tree branch made no significant
difference.

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[2001] A wood door manufacturer wants to minimize the number of

knots in each door. On average, he wants no more than 1.2 knots
per door. A random sample of 500 doors had, on average, 1.4 knots
with a standard deviation of 0.26 knots. Are the manufacturer's
standards being met? Test at α = 0.05.

Solution: The manufacturer is concerned if there are too

many knots in the door. Ergo, we set up our hypothesis as:

H0: µ = 1.2
H1: µ > 1.2
Because of the sample size of 500, we can use Z because of
the Central Limit Theorem. With α = 0.05, we reject the null
hypothesis if Z > 1.645. Our test statistic is:

where

Plugging these numbers into the formula, we get Z = 17.2.

Since 17.2 > 1.645, we reject H0 and conclude that the standards
are not being met.

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[2004] In order to maintain quality control, the angle measurement

of a gear tooth must be maintained at 1.02o. A sample of 60 gears is
taken. The average angle is 1.025o with a standard deviation of
0.05o.
a) Construct a 95% confidence interval of the average gear angle.
b) If you were to test the hypothesis H0: µ = 1.02 against
H1: µ ≠ 1.02 at α = 0.05, what would be your conclusion using only
the confidence interval?

Solution part a): Our formula for the confidence interval is:

For our 95% confidence interval we need Z0.025 = 1.96 because 1

- α = 0.95, and so α /2 = 0.025.

We have:

Plugging these values into the equation we get 1.025 - 0.0127

< µ < 1.025 + 0.0127 or 1.0123 < µ < 1.0377

Solution part b):Because 1.02 is contained in the 95% confidence

interval, we would conclude at a 5% level of significance that the
standards are being met (in other words, we would not reject the
null hypothesis).

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[2002] Joe's Ceramics wants to keep the standard deviation of the

oven temperature to within 5o. He samples 100 baked ceramic
pieces and measures (somehow) the oven temperature when he
takes the piece out. If he wants the bound on the error to be at most
1o, what should be the minimum level of confidence?

Solution: This is a two step problem:

Step 1: Solve for Z.
Step 2: Solve for 1 - α which is the level of confidence we are
looking for.

Our formula is:

Solving for Z, we have:

E = 1; σ = 5; n = 100

Plugging these numbers into the formula, we get Zα /2 ≥ 2. Since P(Z

> 2) = 0.0227, that means α /2 = 0.0227. Solving for our level of
confidence, we get 1 - α = 1 - (2)(0.0227) = 0.9546. So, our
minimum level of confidence is 95.46%