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Mathematics
Quarter 2 – Module 1
Linear Inequalities in Two Variables
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Mathematics – Grade 8
Quarter 2 – Module 1: Linear Inequalities in Two Variables
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Language Editors:
MA. FE S. MACUL EdD – MT II/School Head, Buhisan Night HS
JESUSIMA B. JUMALON – Principal I, Punta Princesa Night HS
Reviewer:
MARITES V. PATIÑO EdD – EPSvr, Mathematics
Management Team:
RHEA MAR A. ANGTUD EdD - Schools Division Superintendent
DANILO G. GUDELOSAO EdD – Asst. Schools Division Superintendent
GRECIA F. BATALUNA – Chief EPS, CID
MARITES V. PATIÑO EdD - EPSvr, Mathematics
VANESSA L. HARAYO – EPSvr, LRMS
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Mathematics
Quarter 2 – Module 1
Linear Inequalities in Two Variables
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Introductory Message
Welcome to Mathematics 8 Module 1 on Problems Involving linear inequalities
in two variables!
This module was designed to provide you with opportunities for guided and
independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to process the
contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.
What I Need To Remember This includes key points that you need to
(Generalization) remember.
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At the end of this module you will also find:
1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of
the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in this module.
3. Read the instructions carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your
answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with
it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you
are not alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and
gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you master
about the Problems involving linear inequalities in two variables. The scope of this
module permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The language
used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to
follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them
can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.
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What I Know (Pre-Test)
Instructions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your chosen answer on
a separate sheet of paper.
1. Joshua bought five apples and four oranges. The total amount he paid was at most
Php 200. If 𝑥 represents the cost of each apple and 𝑦 the cost of each orange, which
of the following mathematical statements represents the given situation?
A. 5𝑥 + 4𝑦 ≥ 200 C. 5𝑥 + 4𝑦 > 200
B. 5𝑥 + 4𝑦 ≤ 200 D. 5𝑥 + 4𝑦 < 200
6. Catriona is using two mobile networks to make phone calls. One network charges
her Php 5 for every minute of call to other networks. The other network charges her
Php 6 for every minute of call to other networks. In a month, she spends at least Php
300 for these calls. Suppose she wants to model the total cost of her mobile calls to
other network using a mathematical statement. Which of the following mathematical
statements could it be?
A. 5𝑥 + 6𝑦 = 300 C. 5𝑥 + 6𝑦 ≥ 300
B. 5𝑥 + 6𝑦 > 300 D. 5𝑥 + 6𝑦 ≤ 300
7. Mrs. Smith gave the cashier Php 500-bill for 3 adults and 3 children’s tickets that
cost more than Php 400. Suppose an adult ticket cost 75. Which of the following
could be the cost of children’s ticket?
A. Php 60 C. Php 45
B. Php 35 D. Php 30
8. The total amount Cora paid for 2 kilos of beef and 3 kilos of fish is less than Php
700. Suppose a kilo of beef costs Php 250. What could be the maximum kilo of fish
to the nearest pesos?
A. Php 60 C. Php 65
B. Php 66 D. Php 67
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9. Mr. Gregorio would like to minimize their monthly bills on electric and water
consumption by observing some energy and water-saving measures. Which of the
following should she prepare to come up with these energy and water-saving
measures?
I. Budget Plan
II. Previous Electric and Water Bills
III. Current Electric and Water Consumption Rates
10. Which of the following shows an example of a linear inequality in two variables?
A. 5𝑥 + 6𝑦 = 300 C. 5𝑥 + 6𝑦 < 300
B. 5𝑥 + 6 = 300 D. 5 + 6𝑦 > 300
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Lesson
LINEAR EQUATION IN TWO VARIABLES
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What’s In
Have you ever tried asking how an engineer determines the needed
materials in the construction of new houses, bridges, and other structures? Have
you ever asked yourself about how engineers budget the cost of the different
materials that will be used for their project?
Since in the previous lesson, you were able to learn the key concepts of Linear
Inequalities in Two Variables, now, we are going to understand further as to the
application of linear inequalities in two variables in real-life situation.
Are you excited to learn more about these? You will find out as you go through
the lessons. Good luck!
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What’s New
Example 1
A retailer sells two types of coffee beans. One type of coffee beans cost ₱9 per
pound and the other type costs ₱7 per pound. Find all the possible amounts of the
two different coffee beans that can be mixed to get a quantity of coffee beans
costing 8.50 or less.
We are looking for the mixtures that cost ₱8.50 or less. We write the inequality
9𝑥 + 7𝑦 ≤ 8.50.
Example 2
Julius has a job as an appliance salesman. He earns a commission of ₱60 for each
washing machine he sells and ₱130 for each refrigerator he sells. How many
washing machines and refrigerators must Julius sell to earn ₱1000 or more
commissions?
Solution
We are looking for a total commission of ₱1000 or more, so we write the inequality
60𝑥 + 130𝑦 ≥ 1000.
Do you know that there are a lot of real-life situations that you
can be applied with linear inequality with two variables? To
understand and find out more, read and do the activities in
this module. Take a little break before you go on. Goodluck!
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What is It
𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵𝑦 < 𝐶 𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵𝑦 ≤ 𝐶
𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵𝑦 > 𝐶 𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵𝑦 ≥ 𝐶
Where A, B and C are real numbers and A and B are not both equal to zero.
Examples:
1. 4𝑥 − 𝑦 > 1 4. 8𝑥 − 3𝑦 ≥ 14
2. 𝑥 + 5𝑦 ≤ 9 5. 2𝑦 > 𝑥 − 5
3. 3𝑥 + 7𝑦 < 2 6. 𝑦 ≤ 6𝑥 + 11
Examples:
1. The total amount of 1-peso coins and 5-peso coins in the bag is more
than Php 150.
The situation can be modeled by the linear inequality 𝑥 + 5𝑦 > 150, where 𝑥
is the number of 1-peso coins and 𝑦 is the number of 5-peso coins.
2. Emily bought two blouses and a pair of pants. The total amount she paid
for 2 items is not more than Php 980.
The situation can be modeled by the linear inequality 2𝑥 + 𝑦 ≤ 980, where
𝑥 is the cost of the two blouses and 𝑦 is the cost of the pair of pants.
The graph of an
inequality in two variables is
the set of points that
represents all solutions to the
inequality. A linear inequality
divides the coordinate plane
into two halves by a boundary Plane Divider
line where one half represents
the solutions of the inequality.
The boundary line is dashed
for > and < and solid for ≤ and
≥. The half-plane that is a
solution to the inequality is
usually shaded.
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Let us try some examples:
1. y ≤ 2x − 1
Follow these 3 easy steps.
a. The inequality already has "y" on the left and everything else on the right, so no
need to rearrange.
2. 2𝑦 − 𝑥 ≤ 6
a. We will need to rearrange this one so "y" is on its own on the left:
Start with: 2y − x ≤ 6
Add x to both sides: 𝑥 𝑥
2y ≤ x + 6
Divide all by 2: 2
𝑥
𝑦≤ +3
2
𝑥
b. Now plot 𝑦 ≤ + 3 (as a solid line because y≤ includes equal to).
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c. Shade the area below (because y is less than or equal to).
𝑦
3. 2
+2>𝑥
a. We will need to rearrange this one so "y" is on its own on the left:
𝑦
Start with: 2
+2> 𝑥
Subtract 2 from both sides: −2 − 2
𝑦
Multiply all by 2: 2 2( > 𝑥 − 2) 2
2
y > 2x − 𝑦 > 2𝑥 − 4
2. Now plot 𝑦 > 2𝑥 − 4 (as a dashed line because y> does not include equals to).
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3. Shade the area above (because y is greater than).
What’s More
B. State whether each given ordered pair is a solution of the inequality. Justify your
answers.
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C. Tell which of the given coordinates of points on the graph satisfy the inequality.
Write YES if the given coordinates satisfy the inequality or NO if it does not.
𝒚 < 𝟐𝒙 + 𝟐
1. (0, 2)
2. (5, 1)
𝒚 < 𝟐𝒙 + 𝟐
3. (−4, 6)
4. (8, 9)
5. (−3, −12)
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What I Need to Remember
Inequality
Solution Set
Sign
3. Shade the half plane above the line if the inequality is ''greater
than". Shade the half plane under the line if the inequality is ''less
than".
What I Can Do
1. The total amount John paid for 5 kilos of rice and 2 kilos of fish is less
than Php 600.
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Assessment (Post Test)
Instructions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your chosen answer on
a separate sheet of paper.
1. Rachel goes to a shopping mall to buy shirts and pants for her children. She has
a total budget of ₱200, and she is going to buy shirts for ₱25 each and pants for ₱20
each. Write an inequality to describe the possible number of shirts and Pants that
Rachel can buy. If Rachel buys 5 Pants, what is the maximum number of shirts he
can buy?
A. 5 shirts C. 6 shirts
B. 4 shirts D. 7 shirts
2. A garage worker goes to a nearby store to buy nuts and Bolts. He has ₱20 and he
is going to buy nuts for 80 cents and bolts for 100 cents each. Write an inequality to
describe the possible number of nuts and Bolts that he can buy. If he buys 10 Bolts,
what is the maximum number of nuts he can buy?
A. 13.5 C. 13
B. 11 D. 12.5
3. Rudolf goes to a bookstore looking to buy comic books for ₱15 each and CDs for
₱10 each. If he has a budget of ₱60, write an inequality to describe the possible
number of comic books and CDs that Rudolf can buy. If Rudolf buys 2 comic books,
what is the maximum number of CDs he can buy?
A. 3 CDs C. 4 CDs
B. 5 CDs D. 6 CDs
4. Mark goes to buy some food for his friends. He has ₱50 pocket money, and he is
looking to buy chocolate pies for ₱5 each and apple pies for ₱4 each. Write an
inequality to describe the possible number of chocolate pies and apple pies that
Mark can buy. If Mark buys 6 chocolate pies, what is the maximum number of apple
pies he can buy?
A. 3 Apple Pies C. 4 Apple Pies
B. 5 Apple Pies D. 6 Apple Pies
5. Steven goes to buy some flowers for his mother. He has a budget of ₱80, and he
is looking to buy roses for ₱5 each and carnations for ₱4 each. Write an inequality
to describe the possible number of roses and carnations that Steven can buy. If
Steven buys 8 roses, what is the maximum number of carnations he can buy?
A. 8 carnations C. 9 carnations
B. 10 carnations D. 7 carnations
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7. Write the mathematical statement for Nicole bought 2 blouses (b) and 3 shirts (s)
and paid not more than Php 1,150.
A. 2𝑏 + 3𝑠 > 1150 C. 2𝑏 + 3𝑠 ≥ 1150
B. 2𝑏 + 3𝑠 < 1150 D. 2𝑏 + 3𝑠 ≤ 1150
10. James bought three grapes and two mangoes. The total amount he paid was at
most Php 150. If 𝑥 represents the cost of each apple and 𝑦 the cost of each orange,
which of the following mathematical statements represents the given situation?
A. 3𝑥 + 2𝑦 ≥ 150 C. 3𝑥 + 2𝑦 > 150
B. 3𝑥 + 2𝑦 ≤ 150 D. 3𝑥 + 2𝑦 < 150
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What can I do?
1. Let x = kilo of rice
Let y = kilo of fish
5𝑥 + 2𝑦 < 600
2. 5𝑥 + 2𝑦 < 600 3. 5𝑥 + 2𝑦 > 600
5(35) + 2𝑦 < 600 5(34) + 2𝑦 > 600
175 + 2𝑦 < 600 170 + 2𝑦 > 600
−175 − 175 −170 − 170
2𝑦 < 425 2𝑦 > 430
------ ------ he will pay
2 2 for 2 kilos of fish
𝑦 < 213
The kilo of fish must
be less than 213
Activity
A. C.
1. NOT a linear inequality with two variables 1. Yes NO
2. NOT a linear inequality with two variables 2. Yes
3. A linear inequality with two variables 3. No
4. NOT a linear inequality with two variables 4. No YES
5. A linear inequality with two variables 5. No YES
B. D.
1. Solution because 12 > 10 1. 𝑡 + 𝑓 > 400 20t + 50f > 420
2. Solution because 1 ≤ 8 2. 𝑝 − 𝑞 ≥ 30 𝑑 − 𝑝 ≥ 26
3. NOT a solution because 0 is not less than -5 3. 5𝑟 + 2 < ℎ
4. NOT a solution because 3 is not greater than 4. 𝑚 − 36000 ≤ 𝑏
or equal to 6 -5 5. 3𝑟 < 𝑏
5. Solution because 16 > 8
HONESTY is required.
Remember: This portion of the module contains all the answers. Your
ANSWER KEY
References:
Electronic Sources:
Solving Problems involving Linear Inequalities with Two Variables, accessed
September 11, 2020
https://braingenie.ck12.org/skills/106727
Solve Real World Problems Using Linear Inequalities, accessed September 20, 2020
https://students.ga.desire2learn.com/d2l/lor/viewer/viewFile.d2lfile/1798/12938
/Algebra_ReasoningwithEquationsandInequalities8.html
Solving Linear Inequalities with Two Variables, accessed September 20, 2020
https://saylordotorg.github.io/text_intermediate-algebra/s05-07-solving-
inequalities-with-two-.html
Books:
Abuzo, Emmanuel P., et al. Mathematics 8 Learner’s Module, “Linear Inequalities in
Two Variables”, Department of Education-Instructional Materials Council
Secretariat. 2nd Floor Dorm G, Philsports Complex, Meralco Avenue, Pasig City.
2013
Padua, Alicia L., et.al. Our World of Math “Problems Involving Linear Inequalities”,
Vibal Publishing House Inc.,1253 G. Araneta Ave., Quezon City, 2013
Images:
https://images.app.goo.gl/pZ2SQzZBY89a4BNC6
https://images.app.goo.gl/86iqQAZqMbimAC9N6
https://images.app.goo.gl/NF38GAYvZxDdF5hq5
Congratulations!
You are now ready for the next module. Always remember the following:
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