Hanoi Open Mathematical Competition 2014

Junior Section
Sunday, 23 March 2014 08h30-11h30

Important:
Answer all 15 questions.
Enter your answers on the answer sheet provided.
No calculators are allowed.

Q1. Let be given x and y that satisfy the conditions

(
x2 + y 2 − xy = 2
x4 + y 4 + x2 y 2 = 8

The value of P = x8 + y 8 + x2014 y 2014 is

(A): 46; (B): 48; (C): 50; (D): 52; (E) None of the above.
Q2. How many diagonals does 11-sided polygon have?
(A): 43; (B): 44; (C): 45; (D): 46; (E) None of the above.
Q3. How many 0’s are there in the last digits of the number

P = 11 × 12 × · · · × 88 × 89.

(A): 16; (B): 17; (C): 18; (D): 19; (E) None of the above.
Q4. If p is a prime number such that there exist positive integers a and b such that
1 1 1
= 2 + 2,
p a b
then p is
(A): 3; (B): 5; (C): 11; (D): 7; (E) None of the above.
Q5. The first two terms of a sequence are 2 and 3. Each next term thereafter is the
sum of the nearest previous two terms if their sum is not greater than 10 and is 0
otherwise. The 2014th term is
(A): 0; (B): 8; (C): 6; (D): 4; (E) None of the above.

1
Q6. Let a, b, c be the side lengths of a triangle and x, y, z be the side lengths of
bisectrices, respectively. Prove the following inequality
1 1 1 1 1 1
+ + > + + .
x y z a b c
Q7. Determine the integral part of A, where
1 1 1
A= + + ··· + .
672 673 2014
Q8. Let ABC be a triangle. Let D, E be the points outside of the triangle so that
AD = AB, AE = AC, and ∠DAB = ∠EAC = 90◦ . Let F be at the same side of
the line BC as that of A so that F B = F C and ∠BF C = 90◦ . Prove that triangle
DEF is a right-isoceles triangle.
Q9. Determine all real numbers a, b, c such that the polynomial f (x) = ax2 + bx + c
satisfies simultaneously the folloving conditions
(
|f (x)| ≤ 1 for |x| ≤ 1
f (x) ≥ 7 for x ≥ 2

Q10. Let S be area of the given parallelogram ABCD and the points E, F belong
to BC and AD, respectively, such that BC = 3CE, AD = 2AF. Let O be the
intersection of AE and BF. Each straightline of AE and BF meets that of CD at
points M and N, respectively. Determine area of triangle M ON.

Q11. Find all pairs of integers (x, y) satisfying the following equality

8x2 y 2 + x2 + y 2 = 10xy.

Q12. Find a polynomial Q(x) such that (2x2 − 6x + 5)Q(x) is a polynomial having
all positive coefficients.
Q13. Let a, b, c > 0 and abc = 1. Prove that
a−1 c−1 b−1
+ + ≥ 0.
c b a
Q14. Let be given a < b < c and

c(x − a)(x − b) a(x − b)(x − c) b(x − c)(x − a)

f (x) = + + for all x ∈ R.
(c − a)(c − b) (a − b)(a − c) (b − c)(b − a)

Determine f (2014)?
Q15. Let a1 , a2 , . . . , a9 ≥ −1 and a31 + a32 + · · · + a39 = 0. Determine the maximal
value of M = a1 + a2 + · · · + a9 .

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