INGLÉS

STARTER UNIT
PRESENT SIMPLE

Aff: S+V (3rd person –s)

Neg: S+don’t/doesn’t+V

?:(Wh-)+ do/does+S+V?

Uses: routines/habits. Schedules. Facts and universal truths. States (opinions, believes: love,
like, hate…)

Time expressions: adverbs of frequency (Usually, often, always…). Every_____. Once, twice…,
and/or present simple (everyday , I leave school at 2.00 and then I have lunch).
When/while+present continuous (I’m normally studying while my mom arrives home)

PRESENT CONTINUOUS

Aff: S+ to be+V-ing

Neg: S+to be (not)+V-ing

?:(Wh-)+ to be+S+V-ing?

Uses: actions in progress and temporary situations.

Time expressions: at the moment. Now. Right now. Today. At the moment (At the moment I’m
not reading any good book). And/or+present continuous. When/while+present simple

PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE

Aff: S+have/has+V.pp (3rd column)

Neg: S+haven’t/hasn’t +V.pp (3rd column)

?:(Wh-)+ have/has+S+V.pp (3rd column)?

Uses: actions from the past that continue today. Actions that affect in the present. Actions
recently finished.

Time expressions: For, since, how long…?. Ever/never. Already/yet. Just/recently.

And/or+present perfect.
PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS

Aff: S+have/has+been+V-ing

Neg: S+haven’t/hasn’t+been +V-ing

?:(Wh-)+ have/has+S+been+V-ing?

Uses: actions from the past that continue today. Actions recently finished (with an effect in the
present. ENPHASIS DURATION.

Time expressions: For/since/How long…?. Just/recently.

PAST SIMPLE

Aff: S+2nd column/V-ed(regular)

Neg: S+didn’t +V

?:(Wh-)+ did+V?

Uses: actions, states and habits in the past.

Time expressions: Yesterday, ago, before, last, when/while+past continuous. Any time
expression that refers to the past.

PAST CONTINUOUS

Aff: S+was/were +V-ing

Neg: S+wasn’t/weren’t +V-ing

?:(Wh-)+ was/were+V-ing?

Uses: actions in progress in specific time in the past. Action in progress intercepted by another
one.

Time expressions: When/while+past s.

PAST PERFECT SIMPLE va a ir con una frase en past simple

Aff: S+had +V.pp(3rd column)

Neg: S+hadn’t +V.pp (3rd column)

?:(Wh-)+ had+S+V.pp (3rd column)?

Uses: actions that had finished before another action/moment in the past.

Time expressions: In____(past). Before____. Already/yet. Just. When+past s. By the time.

PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS

Aff: S+had +been+V-ing

Neg: S+hadn’t+been +V-ing

?:(Wh-)+ had+S+been+V-ing?

Uses: actions in progress before another actions in past.

Time expressions: For/since.

USED TO

Aff: S+used to+ V(2nd column)

Neg: S+didn’t used to+V(2nd column)

?: Did+S+used to+V?

Uses: repeated actions in the past. Past states which are not true now

WOULD+INFINITIVE

Aff: S+would+ V(inf)

Neg: S+wouldn’t +V(inf)

?:Would +S+V?

Uses: repeated actions in the past, but not past states.

WILL

Aff: S+will + V(inf)

Neg: S+won’t +V(inf)

?:Will +S+V(inf)?

Uses: general predictions about the future and for promises, offers and warnings. Decisions
that you make as you speak.

Time expressions: tomorrow, the day after tomorrow,next____, later, soon…,in (year, period
time), scientific (opinion, think, predict)
BE GOING TO

Aff: S+to be+going to+ V(inf)

Neg: S+to be+ not+ going to +V(inf)

?:To be+S+going to+ V(inf)?

Uses: plans and intentions. Predictions about the future based on evidence we have now

Time expressions: in a___, on____, days of the week…,next,anything that refers to the future,
(expressionslike ‘sure’, ‘have decided’

FUTURE CONTINUOUS

Aff: S+will be + V-ing

Neg: S+won’t be +V-ing

?:Will +S+be + V-ing?

Uses: actions or events that will be in progress in the future.

FUTURE PERFECT SIMPLE

Aff: S+will have + V.pp (3rd column)

Neg: S+won’t have +V.pp(3rd column)

?:Will +S+have + V.pp(3rd column)?

Uses: actions or events that wil be complete by a certain time in the future.

Time expressions: by, by the time, before, until…