Technological Institute of the Philippines

Manila

Mechanical Engineering Department

Final Examination
POWER PLANT DESIGN
2nd Semester SY 2019-2020

SET “A”

Directions: Show complete solutions clearly. Scan and submit to nicanor.serrano@tip.edu.ph

Time allotment: 2.5 hours only

Date of submission: (March 26, 2020, 4:00 p.m.)

1.) Calculate the amount of cooling water in LPS to cool 53 kg per minute of steam in
the condenser at 0.92 bar saturated. The condensate egresses the condenser at 75
kpa 100% liquid. The cooling water ingresses the condenser at 21.5 degrees Celsius
and enters the cooling tower 17.2 degrees Celsius higher. The boiler registered a
maximum operating pressure of 35.5 bar and 400 degrees Celsius.

2.) A sub-bituminous coal has the following ultimate analysis by weight: C = 65.2%, H =
10.3%, O = 2.1%, N = 5.8%, S = 9.1%, Ash = 1.5%, Moisture = 6.0%. The boiler has
a maximum steaming capacity of 1.84 Metric tons per hour using the coal as fuel.
How much cubic feet per second of air is required to completely burn the coal that
needs 14.7% of surplus air. The boiler is 12.5% less efficient due to heat losses.
Steam is generated at 10.8 mpa and 500 degrees Celsius while the feedwater is
available at 98.5 degrees Celsius. The ambient air is standard at 27.5 degrees
Celsius.

3.) An ideal gas with molecular weight of 22 kg/kgmol at 1.015 bar and 27 degrees
Celsius whose initial volume was 1,785 liters are compressed into a storage
cylindrical vessel 0.5 m x 2 m in dimensions. Before the admission, the storage
vessel contained the gas at 1.75 bar and 35 degrees Celsius. After the admission, its
pressure was increased by 3.73 bar. Calculate the final temperature of the gas in
degrees Celsius.

4.) Calculate the brake thermal efficiency of a supercharged 4-cylinder, four stroke cycle
with a standard 100 mm x 150 mm Diesel Engine and a compression ratio of 14. The
dynamometer scale reading at tight side is 170 kilograms and the slack side is 105
kilograms at angular speed of 45 radian per second and radial arm of 35 cm. The
engine consumes 2.7 kilograms per hour of fuel with heating value of 9,800
Kilocalorie per one kilogram. It requires 14 kilograms of air to burn one kilogram of
diesel fuel.
5.) A large island in the Philippines desired to install 8 units of Diesel engine with same
capacity to supply power for future consumers: (i) 8000 houses with average
connected load of 800 watts in each house with a demand factor and diversity factor
of 48% and 2.8, (ii) 8 new commercial establishments with a power demand of 800
KW for two, 400 KW for three and 300 KW for the remaining three, and (iii) 12
machineries for agriculture and water supply that requires an average of 50 KW
energy on each equipment. Use a diversity factor of 1.82 among the three types of
consumers, calculate the minimum capacity of the power station in MW?

6.) How much power output in HP that can be developed by a steam turbine under a
steady flow conditions that receives steam at 32 bar and 320 degrees Celsius at a
speed of 32 m/s at an elevation of 32 meters. The steam exits the turbine saturated
pressure of 320 kpa and a speed of 132 meters per second in a lower elevation of
3.2 meters. The heat loss to the surrounding is at a rate of 132 KJ/s. The steam
flows at a rate of 3.2 kg/s.

7.) What is the indicated mean effective pressure in PSI of a two-stroke, 2.5 ft x 3.2 ft
double-acting Marine Diesel Engine with 12 cylinders that deliver 820 BHP at 380
rpm. The engine combusts a fourth of a short ton of fuel oil every quarter of the day.
The bunker oil temperature is at 102 degrees Fahrenheit and has a specific gravity of
0.82. Use a mechanical efficiency of 92%.

8.) A Diesel Engine has the following specifications: No. of cylinders = 16, total diameter
of all cylinders = 192 cm. Stroke to bore ratio: 1.4:1, No. of stroke = 4, double-acting.
Diesel degrees API = 32.4, Operating temperature = 38 degrees C, Engine angular
speed = 80 radian per second. Indicated mean effective pressure = 8000 torr. Fuel
specific consumption = 0.16 kg/kw-hr. The jacket water attracted a third of the heat
supplied to the engine. Compute the capacity of cooling water in GPM if the water’s
temperature at the ingress of the cooling tower is half of its boiling point at standard
condition. The cooling medium’s temperature egressing the tower is 21.5 degrees
Celsius.

9.) Compute the work net of an air-standard Brayton cycle in Kilo Calorie per minute if
the ambient temperature is 28 degrees Celsius at standard atmospheric pressure.
The ratio of the maximum attainable temperature of the cycle is 20 with respect to
the initial temperature. The inverse pressure ratio is 0.082. The air is supplied at the
rate of 120 GPM.

10.) For the given design requirements of a Gas Turbine Power Plant: (i) Supply air
compressed pressure = 5500 Torr, (ii) Supply air Temperature = 500 degrees K. (iii)
Supply air speed = 105 kph. The hot gases leave the combustor chamber at 5000
torr, 875 degrees C, and 150.5 m/s. The fuel burned 20 kg of its weight that
resulted to a total heat of 182,000 Kilocalorie. The fuel-air ratio is 0.02. Compute
the combustor efficiency of the turbine.