INDIVIDUAL ASSIGNMENT

TECHNICAL PARK MALAYSIA

RESEARCH METHODS FOR COMPUTING AND TECHNOLOGY
(CT098-3-2)
NP2F1701IT
HAND OUT DATE: 31 AUGUST 2017
HAND IN DATE: 17 NOVEMBER
WEIGHTAGE: 100%

SUBMITTED BY:
Rasmita Adhikari (NP000053)

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES:
1. Submit your assignment at the administrative counter.
2. Students are advised to underpin their answers with the use of references (sites using the
Harvard Name System of Referencing)
3. Late submission will be awarded zero (0) unless Extenuating Circumstances (EC) is
upheld.
4. Cases of plagiarism will be penalized.
5. The assignment should be bound in an appropriate style (Comb Bound or Stapled).
6. Where the assignment should be submitted in both hardcopy and softcopy, the softcopy
of the written assignment and source code (where appropriate) should be on a CD in an
envelope/ CD cover and attached to the hardcopy.
7. You must obtain 50% overall to pass this module.
Table of Contents
1 Title.......................................................................................................................................... 1
2 Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 2
3 Problem Statement ................................................................................................................... 3
4 Problem Background ............................................................................................................... 4
5 Literature Review .................................................................................................................... 5
6 Project Aim and Objectives ..................................................................................................... 8
7 Research Questions.................................................................................................................. 9
8 Research Design .................................................................................................................... 11
9 Reflection............................................................................................................................... 13
10 References .......................................................................................................................... 14
1 Title

“Emergency Sewa”

1
2 Introduction
The world is filled with beautiful creature. Everyone life has its own importance. People want safe
and secure life. Death is a natural phenomenon but no one wants to lose their lives untimely due
to silly reasons. Based on past observations Millions of people and wildlife are the victim of fire,
and many people lost their lives due delay in ambulance services. Ambulance and Emergency fire
is complementary to each other. Both are used during emergency cases. Sometimes there is a need
of both services.
"Emergency Sewa" is a mobile-based application. In this app GPS would play the leading role.
This app can be used during the time of emergencies such as fire, ambulance service during fatal
illness, accidents, deliveries, heart attack and so on. It is not limited to this service but also it will
provide health-related tips, safety tips to prevent from fire and notify people about the blood
donation campaign near to their location with the help of GPS.
So, I am doing research on this particular topic how to save people's lives and properties and how
I can make them a direct contact to the ambulance and fire engine as fast as possible. . "The main
motto of this research paper is to save the life of people by connecting them directly to the
transportation medium (i.e. Ambulance and Fire Widget) through apps. It is only possible after
gathering all the hospital's ambulance, fire engine together.

2
3 Problem Statement
Thousands of Nepali people die due to the delay in an ambulance service, fire, and lack of proper
health tips and fire prevention method. Due to the delay of ambulance service and fire engine,
people lose their life which is very shameless for us. Complicated deliveries, road traffic accidents,
heavy bleeding, heart attack, the fire caused by electrical damage, kerosene, petrol, forest fire,
cylinders, smoke are some of the existing problems. A forest fire is the main problems existing in
Nepal. Every year forest resources, wildlife, people, and properties are destroying. Though
quantitative information is not available it is the serious matter. There is no any organization for
fighting forest or any unit to deal with the forest fire. The ambulance service is very poor in Nepal.
And only a few of the ambulances have trained by first aid treatment. And most of the ambulances
are owned private and lacking effective communication and it takes too long to answer emergency
calls. Ambulance delays not only make harm to people, sometimes it may cause deaths.

3
4 Problem Background
Nepal loses numbers of people every year due to the lack of immediate treatment of sudden
accidents such as women pregnancy, fatal illness, communicable and non- communicable diseases,
fire, forest fire and so on. In 1995 around 90% of the Terai forest were burned. Many wildlife's
have been destroyed. The main causes of forest fires are anthropogenic due to negligence and
occasionally by deliberate burning to induce succulent grass growth for domestic animals. The fire
depends upon weather, fuel conditions smoke and so on. (Bajracharya, 2017)
According to 2012 statics, Nepalese officials have counted at least 225 fires burning. The fires
have been caused by a long dry spell, windy weather, and discarded cigarettes. And due to the lack
of resources to stop the fire it causes more harm. (Voiland, 2012, April 24)
Bardiya National park has been consumed by fire and due to the lack of resources has allowed the
fires to spread rapidly. And many endangered animals such as tigers, the rhino has lost their lives.
(Khadka, 2012, 3rd May)
According to 2009 statics, 4.4% of the maternal death is caused due to the delay in ambulance
service. Also, lack of blood has caused 1.4% of the death. (Suvedi, 2008)
Ambulance delays have caused serious death and harm. Only three of England's 32 ambulance
services reach a large majority of 'immediately life-threatening' call-outs within eight minutes,
according to the latest statistic and 35 patients have loses their lives. Delay in a response to phone
calls and also delays in getting patients to the hospitals has caused death. The ambulance delays
are up to 6 hours and out of 999 calls, only a few calls were a response. (KENDALL, 2017)
This research is done for solving these type of issues.

4
5 Literature Review
In today’s world technology has played vital role in the life of people. It has made a complex task
in a simple and easy form. But still the implementation of technology is lacking behind in some of
the sectors. So, in my opinion this research could be an effective one to implement technology in
this particular field. Here, I chose to do an extensive research for my research paper to see if there’s
any research already done by other researchers. Many researchers have done research on this topic
to make the ambulance and fire service faster and reliable. Following are the different literature
review done in many countries. Some of the ideas and knowledge I have taken from these research
papers and it is time saving. Some of the literature review done by various writers, journals are
listed below

1. According to Laura Donnelly, the Health Editor stated that thousands of patients suffering life-
threatening emergencies and they are waiting longer for ambulances across the country. People
suffering from strokes, heart attacks have a risk in their lives. Also, the department of health
pointed that the ambulance service is under growing pressure, carrying out 850 more journeys
every day since 2010, yet still responding to the majority of the most urgent cases in less than
eight minutes. (Donnelly, 2014, July 13)
2. According to the newspaper dated on 1st December 2016 News shows that 12 of the 13
ambulance trusts in the UK are failing to meet their targets for rapid response to potentially
life-threatening conditions - currently eight minutes for at least 75% of calls. This is about how
people are simply losing their life by this kind of minor issues. And it is the shameless thing
that due to stupid reasons people lost their lives. People suffered brain stroke, heart attacks,
and emergency cases, accidents need to respond as fast as possible. (Jarvis, 2016)
3. In England, thirty-five patients have died in the past five years after delays of ambulance
service up to six hours. Coroners in England and Wales have issued official warnings called
prevention of future deaths notices highlighting problems with lack of resources, an inability
to respond quickly enough to 999 calls and poor care that have caused, contributed to or been
involved in the 35 deaths. In five of the cases, the patient would or might have lived if either
the ambulance had got there sooner or the attending crew had provided better treatment. (Cave,
2014) (Campbell, 2016)

5
4. Every year thousands of people suffer from infectious diseases, violence, hazardous, accidents
and so on. Suffering from diseases is natural but the potential for death and injury that is
associated with driving an ambulance is very shameless. Every year dozens of EMS providers
are killed and many more seriously injured in ambulance crashes. This report is a review of
the published research pertaining to ambulance crashes with a special emphasis on the rural
environment. They said they want all patients to get the highest standards of care – and
anything short of that is unacceptable. (Kailey, 2016)
5. Good Practice Guide for Ambulance Services is a review done by author Jonathan Brotherton.
He has research on Ambulance Trusts should develop systems and processes that minimize
delay in their call-answering, call-processing and dispatch functions. The significant
improvements in computer-aided dispatch systems need augmenting with local knowledge and
experience. Delays in the handover of care between the ambulance and the hospital services
represent a poor patient experience. (Brotherton, 2008)
6. Delays in the clinical handover of patient care from emergency medical services (EMS) to the
ED because of ED crowding are a substantial problem for many EMS systems. This study was
conducted to quantify handover delays experienced by the Ambulance Service of New South
Wales (ASNSW), and to investigate patient and system factors associated with handover delay.
(David C Cone, 2012)
7. According to International Forest Fire news, mainly the Forest fire is caused by human factors.
58 % of the forest fire was deliberate burning, by grazers, hunters, smokers, ignorance and so
on. Forest fire destroys the wildlife as well as sometimes it may also cause the death of the
people. (Kumar, 2006)
8. Forest fire incidents are increasing in recent years in Nepal. The quantitative information on a
forest fire in Nepal is still lacking. It has been claimed that in the summer season, many villages
in Nepal and in Tarai, in particular, are burnt by fires that are ignited from the nearby forests
which conclude every year with the loss of lives, cattle and other property. WWF
Nepal/Sustainable Land Management Project commissioned assignment on the Forest Fire.
The main aim of the study was to contribute to controlling forest fires to protect human lives
and property, conserve forest ecosystems through effective learning of forest fires hazard. (PN,
2015)

6
9. According to the article review, a forest fire is considered as major problems in Nepal. From
general observation, it is found that around 90% of the forested area is burnet out. And here
are no signal fire control plan as well as no proper accounting of fire. And it is mainly caused
due to the lack of fire control resources and lack of specific fire control organization. (Sharma,
1996)
10. Chun Bahadur Gurung reported that due to a forest fire in Ramechhap district 15 people were
dead and 13 army men were killed while dousing the flames. The fire spread to the village and
more than 419 households and 47 cattle sheds were damaged. If there would be enough fire
widget than the fire would not cause this much harm. (Gurung, 2017, December 1)

7
6 Project Aim and Objectives
Aim
The aim of this research is to provide safe, secure and faster ambulance and fire Widget service as
fast as possible and to provide basic health-related tips, safety related to fire as well as to notify
people about the blood donation campaign which going to organize nr to them through a mobile
app.
Objectives
 To identify effects and harm caused by forest fire and delay in ambulance service.
 To develop a system for faster and reliable ambulance and fire wicket service.
 To keep all available ambulance, fire widget for faster service.
 To solve the damage and harm caused by fire and solve ambulance delay problems.
 Improve comfort and ensure security
 Simplify use of technologies.
 Developing the interoperability and IT security requirements, and tests for them, on the
basis of the user stories and resulting use cases submitted by the companies.

8
7 Research Questions
Research questions is a research instrument which consists a series of questions in order to gather
required information for the particular research topic. The research question is encouraged to
categorize into "Domain Question" and "Technical Questions". The primary purpose of a
questionnaire is to extract data from respondents. It is an inexpensive way to gather data from a
potentially large number of respondents. Some of the lists of Domain and technical questions are
here for gathering data and information during the time of research:

Technical Question

1. Which approach is beneficial for making faster ambulance and fire widget service?
a. Mobile application
b. Web application
2. What software methodology could be best for this particular topic?
3. Do you have any ideas how the problem would be solved using technology?
4. Do you think it is possible to train everyone about calling ambulance service, fire widget during
the time of emergencies using mobile app?
a. Yes
b. No
5. Gathering all ambulance and fire Widget together would help during the time of emergencies
such as fire, and accidents?
a. Yes
b. No

Domain Questions

1. Are you from which district?

2. Delay in ambulance service has caused complication on health as well as sometimes it might
cause the death of people, do you know some evidence like this?
3. In your opinion what are the most important issues facing the ambulance service with respect
to patient safety?

9
4. Do you have face problems due to the delay in ambulance service?
a. Yes
b. No
5. Do you agree, there is no proper management of ambulance service?
a. Yes
b. No
6. Do you agree forest fire is a serious problem in Nepal?
7. Do you have some evidence of a forest fire? In your opinion what could be the best solutions
during a fire?
8. During the time of the fire, which method do you use for calling Fire Widget?

10
8 Research Design
Research design is the structure of a scientific work It describes all the step wise process from start
to the end of research paper. A good research design will describe the strategy to be employed for
choosing samples, collecting data, managing costs along with other factors which are important
for conducting research. (Anon., 2017)
The methods that are appropriate for my research on this particular topic are:
Questionnaire and Survey: It is a systematic, data collection technique consists of a series of
questions required to be answered by the respondents to identify their attitude, experience, and
behavior towards the subject of research. Questionnaire is prepared in such type so that it results
in obtaining the desired information from the respondents. The questionnaires could be done
through various medium such as: telephone, be email, by mail, or may be sometimes using kobo
tool box, website and so on. (Anon., 2017)
For survey and questionnaire, I prepared list of questions technical as well as domain questions
that are suitable for my project. Then I have chosen medium i.e. Kobo Toolbox which is free and
serves data analytics up to some extent. . It is sent to some set of specific users such as doctors,
ambulance driver, patients, people who has becaome vitim of fire and so on. And the data would
be extract data from respondents. Through this survey a will be data gather from a potentially large
number of respondents. These respondents can help provide the information that I am seeking out
for.

Observation: In research design observation design draws a conclusion by evaluating the

existence scenario or situations. In this type of research researchers go in the certain part and
examine the places and peoples situation who has suffer from this problem. An observational study
allows a good insight into a phenomenon and eliminates the ethical and practical complications of
establishing a large and cumbersome research project.
After gathering information through questionnaire I would like to visit particular place which has
suffered from these type of problems. Especially I would like to visit Forest of terai region where
maximum numbers of fire occur every year. Also, I would identify how many people are suffering
from ambulance delay. From there I would collect data from the local people and what could be
the better solutions to solve these type of problems.

11
Data Analysis: Data analysis is the collecting and organizing of data so that a researcher can come
to a conclusion. Data analysis allows one to answer questions, solve problems, and derive
important information. There are two methods that as a researcher I can pursue: qualitative and
quantitative.

Qualitative Data Analysis Techniques

After survey and Observation a data is gathered in the particular topic, which are essential for
comprehensive view. It helps me to revolve around describing characteristics. It does not use
numbers. It is suitable for gaining an in-depth understanding of underlying reasons and motivations
on a specific research. Also, provides insights into the setting of a problem. It is used to generate
ideas and hypotheses for quantitative research. It helps me to analyze unlimited expression from
respondents. (Miles, 2016)

Quantitative Data Analysis Technique

Quantitative Research is considered to have as its main purpose the quantification of data. This
allows generalizations of results from a sample to an entire population of interest and the
measurement of the incidence of various views and opinions in a given sample. Quantitative data
helps me statistical data measurement. The data which I get from this data analysis Technique are
usually descriptive in nature but it conclude only in a numerical framework. (Few, 2017)

12
9 Reflection
There are many similar types of the research paper and we can get similar types of website and
mobile application applied in the certain country. Many types of research got to the conclusion
people are losing their lives and many other complications occur due to the ambulance delay. Also
due to forest fire for several reasons has caused the death of wild lives and death of many people.
A country like England, India, Nepal and many others country are suffered from the delay in
ambulance service. Looking at the statistics every year forest fire is caused due to several reasons
and due to lack of resources and lack of specific organization for fire control, it is increasing in
various parts of Terai and the Himalayan region.

This research topic is a bit challenging in the context of Nepal due to its geographic region and
lack of specific organization to run successfully. Impossible it says I am possible by utilizing and
maintaining all the available ambulances and fire widget would help in controlling the harm caused
by forest fire as well as the delay in services. It is possible to apply this system in our country by
maintaining roads and transportation facilities. If our country has proper transportation facilities
the services would be faster without any delay which will ultimately save the life of people as well
as wildlife. So, it is important to provide knowledge about the safety basis how fire is caused and
ways to save lives and properties during the fire.

During the time of research, I felt many difficulties to collect data and gather information from
many resources. I found most of the damaged caused by the fire is unavailable. But the data on
ambulance delays and its harm could be easily found. The almost maximum country has done
research on this topic and through continuous hard work and research and implementing the ideas
and knowledge using the technology we can save the life of people as well as wild lives.

13
10 References
Anon., 2017. [Online]
Available at: http://universalteacher.com/1/different-types-of-research-designs/
Anon., 2017. [Online]
Available at: http://businessjargons.com/questionnaire-design-process.html
Bajracharya, K. M., 2017. DPNet Nepal. [Online]
Available at: https://www.dpnet.org.np/index.php?pageName=fire
[Accessed 2017].
Brotherton, J., 2008. Ambulance Services Review. In: R. E. a. I. M. Claire Burden, ed. Good
Practice Guide for Ambulance Services and their Commissioners. Victoria Street, London:
Office of the Strategic Health Authorities , p. 27.
Campbell, D., 2016. Ambulance delays linked to 35 deaths in past five years. 23 May.
Cave, R., 2014. Paramedic: Ambulance delays 'causing harm and deaths', s.l.: BBC News.
David C Cone, P. M. M., 2012. Analysis and impact of delays in ambulance to emergency
department handovers. 12 October.
Donnelly, L., 2014, July 13. Figures expose ambulance delays in life and death calls. 13 July.
Few, S., 2017. Now You It, Simple Visualization Techiniques for data analysis. second ed.
s.l.:s.n.
Gurung, C. B., 2017, December 1. Nepal’s forest fires, Nepal: Forests News.
Jarvis, D. S., 2016. NHS ambulance response statistics: delays that cost lives. 01 December.
Kailey, A., 2016. Ambulance Crash. 5 june.
KENDALL, P., 2017. Thousands die from ambulance delays, England: MailOnline.
Khadka, N. S., 2012, 3rd May. Nepal forest fires 'cause big wildlife loss, s.l.: BBC News.
Kumar, R. M., 2006. Forest Fire in the Terai,Nepal. 5 janaury.
Miles, M. B. M. H., 2016. Qualitaive Data Analysis. Edition 3 ed. s.l.:SAGE Puublication.
PN, K., 2015. Forest Fire Hazard. june, p. 56.
Sharma, S. P., 1996. Forest Fire in Nepal. 15 September, pp. 36-39.
Suvedi, B. K. A. P. S. B. M. P. S. R. C. P., 2008. nepal_maternal_mortality. [Online]
Available at: http://www.dpiap.org/resources/pdf/nepal_maternal_mortality_2011_04_22.pdf
Voiland, A., 2012, April 24. earthobservatory. [Online]
Available at: https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/NaturalHazards/view.php?id=77784
[Accessed 2017].

14
MARKING CRITERIA
The research proposal will be evaluated in 3 main sections:
Problem Definition (Forum 1) 15%
Criteria Marks Allocated Mark Obtained
Title, Aims and Objectives 5%
Problem Statement & Preliminary Research 5%
Presentation 5%

Research Proposal Report 70%

Criteria Marks Allocated Mark Obtained
Final Problem Background Research and Discussion 10%
Literature Review 20%
Research Questions 5%
Research Design 10%
Personal Reflection 10%
Documentation Standards 5%
Referencing 10%

Presentation of Proposal 15%

Criteria Marks Allocated Mark Obtained
Explanation & Justification of proposal 5%
Q&A 5%
Presentation 5%

Name Student ID Signature

Rasmita Adhikari NP000053

15