Overview

The objective of the circuit is to be able to provide a night lamp with an ultra low current consumption
from a battery source in case of the absence of wall mains socket.

Terminology

o TS555 – a single CMOS timer which offers very low power consumption and high frequency
where the timing remains very accurate in monostable or astable mode while providing reduced
supply current spikes during output transitions, which enables the use of lower decoupling
capacitors and with added features of high output current capability, high input impedance, wide
voltage range, and output compatible with TTL, CMOS & Logic MOS

Circuit Explanation

The circuit is drawing a current less than 500 uA due to the voltage doubler that drives a pulsating ultra
bright LED and since only 1.5 V cell is used. This makes the night lamp ensure minimum battery
consumption. From an ordinary AA sized battery, the device can operate for approximately 3 months
continuously while from an alkaline type of battery, it can operate for about 6 months.

To be able to switch OFF the circuit during daylight or upon the illumination of lights in the room, a
phototransistor can be added optionally which will allow further current economy. This photoresistor
circuitry will also allow the running time to be doubled or longer. The resistors R3 & R4 can be excluded
if the option for additional photoresistor is not needed. By doing this, the Pin 4 of IC1 should be
connected to the positive supply.

An approximately 4 Hz frequency square wave is being generated by 555 timer IC1. The integrated
circuit can safely operate at 1.5 V supply or less if IC1 is a CMOS type. The voltage of the battery is
raised to a peak due to the combination of D2 & C2 that forms a voltage doubler. The peak value is
responsible for driving the LED.

An ordinary LED may be used but will result to poor intensity of light. For as long as the rating is at 100
V and 150 mA, a Schottky-barrier type of diode like 1N5819 and any model can also be used in place
with an ordinary type 1N4148 diode but will also result to reduced intensity of LED because of higher
voltage drop.

Application

The battery powered night lamps are widely available in the market with a wide variety of designs. They
can have vivid & bright colours, exquisite designs & easy to be carried out, can be put beside the bed,
and can be hung up on the wall. They can also be designed with cartoon characters with animated
talking capabilities for the added entertainment feature for children.