WEAR-RESISTANT STEELS

DUROSTAT ®
Steel grades:

DUROSTAT® A1

DUROSTAT® A2

DUROSTAT® 400
 DUROSTAT ®

The grades of the DUROSTAT® series provide high levels of resistance to mechani-
cal wear.
The steels are used for components subjected to high mechanical wear and abrasion
(loading and transport equipment, excavator parts, machine components for road
construction, preparation, crushing, silos, etc.).

STEEL GRADES STEEL GRADES

Table 1

Steel grade

DUROSTAT® A1
DUROSTAT® A2

PRODUCTION PROCESS

DUROSTAT® steels are produced via the LD-route.

TECHNICAL TERMS OF DELIVERY FOR HEAVY PLATES · DUROSTAT ® · JULY 2000 1

 CHEMICAL CHEMICAL REQUIREMENTS
REQUIREMENTS
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION (heat analysis)
Table 2

Steel grade Composition [%]

C Si Mn P S Cr
max. max.

0.50 0.35 1.60

DUROSTAT A1 ®
to to to 0.030 0.025 –
0.60 0.65 2.00
0.90 0.35 1.30 0.40
DUROSTAT A2 ®
to to to 0.030 0.025 to
0.97 0.65 1.70 0.60

AS-DELIVERED CONDITION

The plates are generally delievered in a normalised condition.

Normalising can be replaced by normalised rolling.
A different as-delivered condition, e.g. quenched and tempered, can be agreed upon
ordering.

MECHANICAL MECHANICAL PROPERTIES

PROPERTIES
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES IN THE AS-DELIVERED CONDITION
Table 3

Steel grade Thickness Tensile strength 1

) Min. Brinell hardness
[mm] [N/mm 2 ] HB

15 930 265
DUROSTAT® A1
> 15 50 880 250
DUROSTAT A2 ®
50 980 275

1)
The figures given are taken from the Brinell hardness standard values according to DIN 50150.

2 TECHNICAL TERMS OF DELIVERY FOR HEAVY PLATES · DUROSTAT ® · JULY 2000

QUALITY TEST QUALITY TEST

Brinell hardness is measured per heat and for every 40 t.

Hardness is measured approx. 1 mm under the surface.
The heat analysis is provided as proof of the chemical composition.

T O L E R A N C E S A N D S U R FA C E F I N I S H TOLERANCES AND
SURFACE FINISH
Unless otherwise agreed, tolerances pursuant to EN 10029 and surface finish
according to EN 10163 are valid.

MARKING MARKING

In general, marking consists of the:

– VOEST-ALPINE symbol
– Steel grade designation
– Plate number

M AT E R I A L T E S T I N G C E R T I F I C AT E

Type of certificate according to EN 10204 must be agreed upon ordering.

TECHNICAL TERMS OF DELIVERY FOR HEAVY PLATES · DUROSTAT ® · JULY 2000 3

 PROCESSING GUIDELINES

COLD FORMING COLD FORMING

DUROSTAT® A1 and DUROSTAT® A2 can be cold formed only to a limited extent.
Soft annealing creates more favourable conditions for this purpose. In such cases,
subsequent normalising or quenching and tempering must be carried out to increase
wear-resistance. Plate edges which are formed must be free of notches.

HOT FORMING AND HOT FORMING AND HEAT TREATMENT

HEAT TREATMENT It is desirable that the final forming operation is carried out at normalising tempera-
ture. If this is not possible, then repeated normalising or quenching and tempering
may be required.

HOT FORMING AND HEAT TREATMENT TEMPERATURES

Table 4

Steel grade Hot Soft Normalising Quenching and

forming annealing tempering in
water oil
°C °C °C °C °C

DUROSTAT A1 ®
1050–850 680–700 840–870 810–850 820–860
DUROSTAT® A2 1000–800 680–700 810–840 780–810 790–830

WELDING AND WELDING AND OXYGEN CUTTING

OXYGEN CUTTING As a consequence of their high carbon content, these wear-resistant steels show a
limited weldability. Therefore, their employment in welded structures should be
avoided as far as possible.
Special measures are necessary in any case, e.g. preheating to approx. 250 °C and
the use of austenitic fillers, which must be tested for the respective application.
The same preheating requirements apply for oxygen cutting.

4 TECHNICAL TERMS OF DELIVERY FOR HEAVY PLATES · DUROSTAT ® · JULY 2000

 DUROSTAT ® 400

DUROSTAT® 400 is a special steel with approx. 400 HB hardness.

It is characterised by wear-resistance, good cold forming properties and weldability.
Among its uses are crushers, screens, transport equipment, chutes, cutters, exca-
vator parts, truck superstructures.

The terms of delivery apply to plate thicknesses of 8 – 50 mm.

Plate widths depend on the thickness (see dimension table on page 4).

STEEL GRADE STEEL GRADE

Table 1

Steel grade

DUROSTAT® 400

PRODUCTION PROCESS

DUROSTAT® 400 steels are produced via the LD-route.

CHEMICAL REQUIREMENTS CHEMICAL

REQUIREMENTS
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION (heat analysis)
Table 2

Composition [%]

C Si Mn P S Al tot. Cr Mo B
max. max. max. max. max. min. max. max. max.

0.18 0.60 1.70 0.025 0.010 0.020 0.80 0.50 0.005

The steel is fine grain melted and can contain microalloying elements such as Nb and V.

AS-DELIVERED CONDITION

The high level of hardness is achieved by accelerated cooling from the rolling heat,
or occasionally through conventional quenching, whereby additional stress-relieving
may be required.

TECHNICAL TERMS OF DELIVERY FOR HEAVY PLATES · DUROSTAT ® 400 · JULY 2000 1
 HARDNESS

In as-delivered condition: 360 – 440 HB

Brinell hardness is measured according to EN 10 003.

TYPICAL PROPERTIES TYPICAL PROPERTIES

TYPICAL PROPERTIES with 20 mm plate thickness

Carbon equivalent [%]

- CEV = C + Mn/6 + (Cr + Mo + V)/5 + (Ni + Cu)/15, according to IIW 0.50
- CET = C + (Mn + Mo)/10 + (Cr + Cu)/20 + Ni/40, according to SEW 088 0.31
Yield strength [N/mm 2 ]: 950
Tensile strength [N/mm 2 ]: 1250
Fracture elongation (L 0 = 5.65 S 0 ) [%]: 10
Notch impact energy (relating to complete sample):
Charpy V longitudinal samples at –40 °C [J]: 20

QUALITY TEST QUALITY TEST

The following tests are carried out per heat and for every 40 t:
– Tensile test on transverse samples
– Brinell hardness
Hardness is measured approximately 1 mm under the surface.
The heat analysis is provided as proof of the chemical composition.

TOLERANCES AND T O L E R A N C E S A N D S U R FA C E F I N I S H
SURFACE FINISH
Unless otherwise agreed, tolerances pursuant to EN 10029 and surface finish
according to EN 10163 are valid.

MARKING MARKING

In general, marking consists of the:

– VOEST-ALPINE symbol
– Steel grade designation
– Plate number

2 TECHNICAL TERMS OF DELIVERY FOR HEAVY PLATES · DUROSTAT ® 400 · JULY 2000
M AT E R I A L T E S T I N G C E R T I F I C AT E

Type of certificate according to EN 10204 must be agreed upon ordering.

PROCESSING GUIDELINES

COLD FORMING COLD FORMING

DUROSTAT® 400 can be cold formed if the high hardness is taken into account.
The prerequisite for cold forming is the proper preparation of the cut edges. Grinding
of the flame- or shear-cut edges in the bending area is recommended.
Due to the high level of hardness, bending must take place slowly and steadily.

MINIMUM BENDING RADII

Position of the bending edge to the rolling direction Smallest permitted bending radius

Longitudinal 4 x plate thickness

Transverse 3 x plate thickness

HEAT TREATMENT HEAT TREATMENT

In order to maintain its hardness, DUROSTAT® 400 may not be heated to over 200 °C.

WELDING WELDING
Due to their chemical composition, DUROSTAT® 400 plates are well-suited for
welding. All tested fusion welding methods can be employed, but metal inert gas
shielded arc welding has proved especially effective (low hydrogen input). For reasons
of crack prevention, basic-coated electrodes with controlled hydrogen content should
be used for manual electric arc welding. Prior to welding, the electrodes must be
dried according to manufacturer instructions. The diffusible hydrogen content should
be around HD 5 cm 3 /100 g WM.
Where the statics allow, soft filler with minimum strength should be employed.
Despite the high strength of the material, this allows welding of plates with thick-
nesses up to 20 mm without preheating. In the case of greater wall thicknesses,
extremely rigid restraint and the use of fillers of similar strength as the base material,
preheating to approx. 100 °C is recommended.
Our welding technology specialists are available to answer questions relating to spe-
cial applications.

TECHNICAL TERMS OF DELIVERY FOR HEAVY PLATES · DUROSTAT ® 400 · JULY 2000 3
 D U R O S TAT ®
400

DIMENSIONS

Thickness
(mm)

50
48
46
44
42
40
38
36
34
32
30
28
26
24
22
20
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
Width
1000

1100

1200

1300

1400

1500

1600

1700

1800

1900

2000

2100

2200

2300

2400

2500

2600

(mm)

Different dimensions on request.

4 TECHNICAL TERMS OF DELIVERY FOR HEAVY PLATES · DUROSTAT ® 400 · JULY 2000