Knowing The Risk for Covid-19

PAPER
To fulfill course assignments
English 2
Taught by the lecturer Mr.Yulius Irham,M.Pd

By:
1. Maulin Masyito (P17220191001)
2. Laila Firda Rahmawati (P17220191002)
3. Putri Naila Z (P17220191003)
4. Charisma Putri L (P17220191004)
5. Alfia Indra Wati (P17220191005)
6. Anggun Rury Pragawati (P17220191006)
7. Lia Intan Permatasari (P17220191007)

POLITEKNIK KESEHATAN KEMENKES MALANG

JURUSAN KEPERAWATAN
D3 KEPERAWATAN LAWANG
January 2021
  Understanding Covid 19
Corona virus or severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a virus
that attacks the respiratory system. Coronavirus is a collection of viruses that can infect the
respiratory system. In many cases, this virus causes only minor respiratory infections, such as
flu. However, this virus can also cause severe respiratory infections, such as lung infections
(pneumonia), Middle-East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), and Severe Acute Respiratory
Syndrome (SARS).
This disease due to viral infection is called COVID-19. Corona virus can cause disturbances
in the respiratory system, acute pneumonia, to death. Severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), better known as the Corona virus, is a new type of coronavirus
that is transmitted to humans. This virus can attack anyone, including infants, children, adults,
the elderly, pregnant women, and breastfeeding mothers.
In severe cases, Corona virus infection can cause the following serious complications:
• Pneumonia
• Secondary infection of other organs
• Kidney failure
• Acute cardiac injury
• Acute respiratory distress syndrome
• Dead
This viral infection is called COVID-19 and was first discovered in the city of Wuhan,
China, at the end of December 2019. This virus is spreading rapidly and has spread to other
regions in China and to several countries, including Indonesia. The transmission is so fast that
the World Health Organization WHO has declared the Corona virus or COVID-19 pandemic on
(11/3/2020). A global pandemic or epidemic indicates a COVID-19 infection that is so fast that
almost no country or region in the world is absent from the Corona virus. The increase in the
number of cases occurred in a short time so that it needed to be handled as soon as possible.
Until now there has been no specific drug to deal with cases of Corona virus infection or
COVID-19.

 Causes of Covid 19
The virus caused by Coronavirus 2019 is thought to have originated from animals, such as
bats and camels. The corona covid-19 virus can be transmitted from animals to humans, as well
as from humans to humans. This disease is in the same class as the virus that causes severe acute
respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle-East respiratory syndrome (MERS). Corona virus
infection or COVID-19 is caused, namely a group of viruses that infect the respiratory system. In
most cases, coronavirus causes only mild to moderate respiratory infections, such as the flu.
However, this virus can also cause severe respiratory infections, such as pneumonia, Middle-East
Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). The Corona
virus can infect anyone, but the effect will be more dangerous or even fatal if it occurs in elderly
people, pregnant women, people who are sick, or people whose immune systems are weak.
There are allegations that the Corona virus was originally transmitted from animals to
humans. However, it was later discovered that the Corona virus was also transmitted from human
to human. A person can catch COVID-19 in various ways, namely:
• Accidentally inhaling saliva from the sneeze or cough of a person with COVID-19
 • Hold the mouth or nose without washing hands first after touching an object that has been
splashed by the saliva of a person with COVID-19
• Close contact with people with COVID-19, for example touching or shaking hands

 Symptoms of Covid 19
Corona virus infection or COVID-19 can cause sufferers to experience flu symptoms, such as
fever, runny nose, cough, sore throat, and headache; or symptoms of a serious respiratory
infection, such as high fever, cough with phlegm and even bleeding, shortness of breath, and
chest pain.
The characteristics of the Corona virus or COVID-19 and symptoms mostly appear 2-10 days
after contact with the virus. According to research, COVID-19 symptoms appear within 2 days to
2 weeks after exposure to the Corona virus. But in some cases, the initial features of the
Coronavirus and symptoms only appear for about 24 days. Corona viruses and influenza have
similar symptoms, making it difficult for doctors to diagnose them without a Covid-19 test. The
main symptoms of the corona virus are fever and cough. Meanwhile influenza is often followed
by other symptoms, such as sore throat. Meanwhile, the corona virus can cause a person to have
shortness of breath. On average, people infected with the coronavirus pass it to two to three other
people, while those with the flu pass it on to an average of one person.
However, people who are infected with the flu tend to infect others more quickly, so both
viruses can spread easily. To distinguish the initial characteristics of Corona and the common
cold, there are several things that must be considered, namely:
1. Within 14 days had traveled to a country that is considered the source of the Corona virus
2. Had contact with a patient who had a Corona infection

The following are the symptoms of Covid 19:

• Symptoms of mild cases of Corona virus infection or COVID-19:
1. Cough
2. Tired
3. Shortness of breath and pain all over the body
4. Generally feeling unwell
• Symptoms of severe cases of Corona virus infection or COVID-19:
1. Difficulty breathing
2. Pneumonia infection
3. Pain in the stomach
4. Decreased appetite

 Covid-19 prevention
The best preventive way is to avoid the factors that can cause you to be infected with Covid 19 :
• Avoid traveling to public places that are full of visitors (social distancing).
• Use a mask when on the move in public places or crowds.
• Routinely wash your hands with soap and water or hand sanitizer that contains at least 60%
alcohol after doing activities outside the home or in public places.
• Do not touch eyes, mouth and nose before washing hands.
• Avoid contact with animals, especially wild animals. If there is contact with animals, wash
your hands afterward.
• Cook the meat until it is completely cooked before consumption.
• Cover mouth and nose with a tissue when coughing or sneezing, then throw the tissue in the
trash.
• Avoid being close to people who have a fever, cough or runny nose.
• Keep clean objects that are often touched and a clean environment.

For people who are suspected of having COVID-19 or are in the ODP category (people
under monitoring), there are several steps that can be taken so that the Corona virus does not
spread to other people :
• Do not leave the house, except to get treatment.
• Go to a doctor only if you have symptoms of respiratory distress accompanied by fever or meet
the criteria for PDP (patient under surveillance).
• Try to live separately from other people for a while. If this is not possible, use a different
bedroom and bathroom than those used by other people.
• Forbid and prevent others from visiting or visiting you until you are completely cured.
• As much as possible do not have meetings with people who are sick.
• Avoid sharing the use of eating and drinking utensils, toiletries, and sleeping equipment with
other people.
• Wear a mask and gloves when you are in public or with other people.
• Use a tissue to cover the mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing, then immediately throw
the tissue in the trash.

Citizens also play an important role in preventing the spread of Covid 19 in Indonesia, namely
by:
• Do not travel outside the house or at home only
• Work and study from home online
• Not holding gatherings events. Such as: social gathering, street vendors, etc.