Leakage Classification of Control Valves Page 1 of 3

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Leakage Classification of Control Valves

Classification of seat leakages through control valves
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• Dynamics Control valves are designed to throttle and not necessary to close 100%.
• Economics Link to this Page!
• Electrical A control valve's ability to shut off has to do with many factors as the type of valves for instance. A double seated control valve
• Environment have very poor shut off capability. The guiding, seat material, actuator thrust, pressure drop, and the type of fluid can all play a BookMarkThe
• Fluid Mechanics part in how well a particular control valve shuts off. Engineering ToolBox!
• Gas and Compressed
Air
Seat Leakage Classifications BookMark this Page!
• HVAC Systems There are actually six different seat leakage classifications as defined by ANSI/FCI 70-2 1976(R1982) .
• Hydraulics and
Pneumatics The most common used are Free Industry
• Insulation Resources
• Material Properties • CLASS IV
• Mathematics • CLASS Vl How Do You Know
• Mechanics if Your Talent
CLASS IV is also known as metal to metal. It is the kind of leakage rate you can expect from a valve with a metal plug and Management
• Miscellaneous metal seat. Strategy is Creating
• Physiology Value?
• Piping Systems CLASS Vl is known as a soft seat classification. Soft Seat Valves are those where either the plug or seat or both are made
• Process Control from some kind of composition material such as Teflon or similar.
• Pumps
• Standards Valve Leakage Classifications
Organizations
• Steam and Class I - Valve Leakage Classifications
Condensate
• Thermodynamics Identical to Class II, III, and IV in construction and design intent, but no actual shop test is made. Cass I is also known as dust
• Water Systems tight and can refer to metal or resilient seated valves. Oracle Magazine

Ads by Google Class II - Valve Leakage Classifications

Ball Valve
Hydraulic Valve Intended for double port or balanced singe port valves with a metal piston ring seal and metal to metal seats.
Flow Valve
Brass Valve • 0.5% leakage of full open valve capacity.
Pinch Valve • Service dP or 50 psid (3.4 bar differential), whichever is lower at 50 to 125 oF.
• Test medium air at 45 to 60 psig is the test fluid. Renewable Energy
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• Add this Page! Typical constructions:

• Balanced, single port, single graphite piston ring, metal seat, low seat load
• Balanced, double port, metal seats, high seat load
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Translate this Class III - Valve Leakage Classifications

Page!!
Intended for the same types of valves as in Class II.
About Us!
• 0.1% leakage of full open valve capacity.
Temperature
• Service dP or 50 psid (3.4 bar differential), whichever is lower at 50 to 125 oF.
0 • Test medium air at 45 to 60 psig is the test fluid.

o Typical constructions:
C
o
F • Balanced, double port, soft seats, low seat load
• Balanced, single port, single graphite piston ring, lapped metal seats, medium seat load
Convert !

Length Class IV - Valve Leakage Classifications

1 Intended for single port and balanced single port valves with extra tight piston seals and metal to-metal seats.

m • 0.01% leakage of full open valve capacity.

km
• Service dP or 50 psid (3.4 bar differential), whichever is lower at 50 to 125 oF.
• Test medium air at 45 to 60 psig is the test fluid.
in
ft Typical constructions:
yards
miles
• Balanced, single port, Teflon piston ring, lapped metal seats, medium seat load
• Balanced, single port, multiple graphite piston rings, lapped metal seats
nautical
miles
• Unbalanced, single port, lapped metal seats, medium seat load
• Class IV is also known as metal to metal
Convert !
Class V - Valve Leakage Classifications
Volume
Intended for the same types of valves as Class IV.
1
• The test fluid is water at 100 psig or operating pressure.
• Leakage allowed is limited to 5 x 10 ml per minute per inch of orifice diameter per psi differential.

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Leakage Classification of Control Valves Page 2 of 3

• Service dP at 50 to 125 oF.

m3
liters Typical constructions:
in3
• Unbalanced, single port, lapped metal seats, high seat load
ft3
• Balanced, single port, Teflon piston rings, soft seats, low seat load
us gal • Unbalanced, single port, soft metal seats, high seat load
Convert !
Class Vl - Valve Leakage Classifications
Velocity
Class Vl is known as a soft seat classification. Soft Seat Valves are those where the seat or shut-off disc or both
1 are made from some kind of resilient material such as Teflon. Intended for resilient seating valves.

m/s
• The test fluid is air or nitrogen.
• Pressure is the lesser of 50 psig or operating pressure.
km/h
• The leakage limit depends on valve size and ranges from 0.15 to 6.75 ml per minute for valve sizes 1
ft/min through 8 inches.
ft/s
mph Port Diameter Bubbles per
ml per minute
knots inches Millimeters minute
Convert ! 1 25 1 0.15
1 1/2 38 2 0.30
Pressure
2 51 3 0.45
1 2 1/2 64 4 0.60
3 76 6 0.90
Pa (N/m2)
4 102 11 1.70
bar
6 152 27 4.00
mm H2O
8 203 45 6.75
kg/cm2
psi 10 254 63 9
inches H2O 12 305 81 11.5

Convert ! Typical constructions:

Flow • Unbalanced, single port, soft seats, low load

1 Control Valve Leakage Classification - Overview

3
m /s Testing
m3/h Maximum Procedures
Leakage Class
US gpm Leakage Test Medium Test Pressure Required for
Designation
cfm Allowable Establishing
Rating
Convert ! I x x x No test required
45 - 60 psig or 45 - 60 psig or
Unit Converter
Air or water at 50 maximum maximum
Scientific 0.5% of rated operating operating
II - 125o F
capacity differential differential
(10 - 52oC) whichever is whichever is
lower lower
0.1% of rated
III As above As above As above
capacity
Calculator
0.01% of rated
IV As above As above As above
Free Industry capacity
Resources Maximum Maximum
0.0005 ml per
How Do You Know Water at 50 service pressure service pressure
minute of water
if Your Talent drop across drop across
V per inch of port to125oF (10 to
Management valve plug not to valve plug not to
diameter per psi 52oC) exceed ANSI exceed ANSI
Strategy is Creating differential
Value? body rating body rating
Actuator should
50 psig or max be adjusted to
Not to exceed Air or nitrogen at rated differential operating
amounts shown pressure across conditions
VI 50 to 125o F (10
in the table valve plug specified with full
above to 52oC) whichever is normal closing
lower thrust applied to
Oracle Magazine valve plug seat

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Related Topics

• Control Valves - Control Valve terminology, bodies, trim, flow characteristics, Cv and Kv sizing, noise,
actuators and positioners

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Leakage Classification of Control Valves Page 3 of 3

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Related Documents

• Control Valves and Flow Characteristics - The relationship between control valve capacity and stem
traveling
• Valves - Types - Classifications of valves
• Water Control Valves - Calculating Kv Values - Design of water process control valves and their Kv values

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