1) Scientific Method

Vocab

(for Law & Theory be able to give me 1 difference between them - you don’t have to
know any specific laws or theories)

Phenomenon: observable fact or event

Testable question: A question you can answer through laboratory tests / experiments

Law: Description of a phenomenon, can often be reduced to a mathematical statement.

Theory: in-depth explanation of a phenomenon

Hypothesis: An educated guess that serves as a starting point for further investigation

Independent Variable: The one variable being manipulated

Dependent Variable: The one variable responding to the independent variable

Controls: The variables held constant

Sample Size: The amount of participants or replicates in a trial/experiment

Experimental group: The group that receives the variable being manipulated/tested

Control Group: The group that does not receive that variable being tested

Model : Physical, mathematical or conceptual representation of a phenomenon

Steps to the Scientific Method - Remember QRHE ARP

1. Question
2. Research
3. Hypothesis
4. Experiment
5. Analysis
6. Results
7. Peer Review

Identifying Independent and dependent variables in a sentence/hypothesis

Ex: The sun hurts my eyes because it is bright

Cause = Independent variable

The sun is bright

Effect = dependent variable

The sun hurts my eyes

Ex : My teeth hurt because of the acid in sugary M&M’s

What’s my IV? Cause or Independent

What’s my DV? Effect or dependent

2) Graphing

Remember D.R.Y M.I.X

Dependent variable
Responding
Y-axis

Manipulated
Independent variable
X-axis

Independent variable : Day of the week (x-axis)

Dependent variable : Temperature (y-axis)

→ 3 things you need on a graph?? ←

Title
Axis titles
Scale for y-axis

3) *SOIL LAB*

Be able to draw your experiment and label

1. Experimental groups
2. & Independent variable
3. Control group
 4. Dependent variable

4) Week 4 (Math & Topographic Maps)

Math - be able to think of an example of each of the following relationships

(linear, exponential, random)

Linear
ex: # of cars and revenue - direct -
ex: # of people, amount of resources available - inverse
Direct (1 goes up, the other goes up)

Inverse (1 goes up, the other goes down)

Exponential : Ex: Population growth

Random ex: day of the week and groundwater temperature

Latitude and Longitude
Remember - ELLP - remember go alphabetically (latitude then longitude)
Also, think of me doing a lateral - equator, then think long ways - prime meridian

Equator : 0 º line running East to West, horizontal center line separating north and southern
hemispheres

Latitude : lines that go north and south of the equator

Longitude : lines that go east and west of the prime meridian

Prime Meridian : 0 º line running North to South, vertical center line separating eastern and
western hemispheres

Topographic maps

If I give you this map you should be able to tell me

1) Contour interval
2) The Tallest Possible Point (TPP) of this mountain
3) Is the Left side or Right side of the map more steep?