Name ________________________________ Date _________ Class __________

Organic Chemistry Questions Worksheet

A. Study pp 743-754(top), 762-764 (top), 776-777, 781(bottom)-783 (top), 795-800

B. Answer the following text questions: p768 # 28-35,37, 38, 45
C. Answer the following questions:

1. Historically, organic compounds were those that came from living things. Currently, organic chemistry is defined as the
study of compounds that contain the element Carbon and usually Hydrogen.

2. Most organic compounds contain nonpolar (nonpolar/polar) molecules. Hydrocarbon molecules tend to be nonpolar
(nonpolar/polar) while the oxygen atoms in some organic compounds cause at least a portion of the molecule to be polar
(nonpolar/polar). What kind of intermolecular forces hold these molecules together in the solid and liquid form?

Dispersion Forces or nonpolar organic compounds.

3. Based on the type of molecules found in organic compounds, they generally:

a. have low (high/low) solubility in water
b. have low (high/low) melting and boiling points
c. are nonelectrolytes (nonelectrolytes/electrolytes)
d. have slow (slow/fast) reaction rates
4. Give 2 reasons why the number of organic compounds is so large.
Carbon can form four covalent bonds. Carbon typically forms covalent bonds with other carbon atoms to form
complex molecules.

5. a. Isomers are compounds with the same (the same/different) molecular formula(s) and different (the same/different)
structural formula(s).
b. Sketch two isomers of C4H10:

Butane Methylpropane

c. How many different isomers of C5H12 exist? 3

6. All hydrocarbons contain the elements Carbon and Hydrogen. Saturated compounds contain all single bonds while
unsaturated compounds contain at least one double or triple bond.

7. a. A homologous series is a group of compounds with the same general formula and similar structures.
b. Describe the three basic members of the homologous series of hydrocarbons found on Refernce Tab le Q by completing
the table below:

homologous general outstanding bonding saturated/ Molecular formulas &

series formula characteristics unsaturated/ or names of first 2
other members in the series
CnH2n+2 Single Bonds Saturated CH4 Methane
1. C2H6 Ethane
Alkanes

CnH2n Double Bonds Unsaturated C2H4 Ethene

2. C3H6 Propene
Alkenes

CnH2n-2 Triple Bonds Unsaturated C2H2 Ethyne

3. C3H4 Propyne
Alkynes

8. Based on the last column of the table, how do successive members of a homologous series differ?
Differ in the number of hydrogen atoms bonded to the carbons.
9. a The names of the alkanes end in “ane”.
b. The names of the alkenes end in “ene”.
c. The names of the alkynes end in“yne”.
d. What does the prefix indicate about a hydrocarbon? The number of carbons or the location of a functional group(s).
e. Give the prefixes (in order) of the first 10 members of the alkane series. Meth, Eth, Prop, But, Pent, Hex, Hept, Oct,
Non, Dec
10. Which has the higher boiling point, C3H8 or C8H18? Explain your reasoning based on your answer to question #2 and
strength of the intermolecular forces for these molecules.

C8H18 has more carbons which means it has stronger dispersion forces which means more energy (heat) is needed to

induce a phase change.

11. Define cracking, cite your source, and then describe it using a paraphrase, illustration, or example.

The controlled process by which hydrocarbons are broken down or rearranged into smaller more useful molecules.

12. Compare and contrast addition polymerization and condensation polymerization by giving one similarity and one difference.
addition polymerization condensation polymerization
Unsaturated Formed heat to tail
Monomer react to form polymer Joining of monomers units to form polymer usually
accompanied by the loss o H2O