Faraaz Final Project

RITECH PERIPHERALS
CHAPTER-1
INTRODUCTION
AL-AMEEN INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES 1

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RITECH PERIPHERALS
PROJECT TITLE:
“FEASIBILITY STUDY OF INVERTERS ON WIPRO-E-PERIPHERALS

WITH SPECIAL REFERANCE TO RITECH PERIPHERALS”
Introduction:
In a scenario where technological changes happening consumer is the king and his needs and
wants are changing with time. A company will strive to achieve technological superiority to fulfill
consumer needs and wants. The very important purpose of this project is the feasibility study of
inverter business in Wipro peripherals. Inverter is used to derive line-power back up from batteries.
The study is intended to highlight in what area inverter is used, who uses this inverter, and what
are all the expectations out of inverters.
This project also makes comparison of inverters with other devices such as generators.

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This aspect reveals that why it is important to make above comparison, this makes convenient
to convince the customers with the help of comparative study and also understand the loopholes or
shortcoming, which can be improved later.
Therefore to make successful, the company needs detail research or survey on the chosen area
or subject.
This has led me to go through this project whereby I can contribute to the organizational growth
and its optimum efficiency.
This project includes analytical study, research, and also reveals suggestions and conclusions.
A peripheral is a device attached to a host computer behind the chipset whose primary
functionality is dependent upon the host, and can therefore be considered as expanding the hosts
capabilities, while not forming part of the system's core architecture.
Some of the more common peripheral devices are printers, scanners, disk drives, tape drives,
microphones, speakers, and cameras. Peripheral devices can also include other computers on a
network system. A device can also refer to a non-physical item, such as a pseudo terminal, a RAM
drive, or a virtual network adapter.

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Some people do not consider internal devices such as video capture cards to be peripherals
because they are added inside the computer case; for them, the term peripherals is reserved
exclusively for devices that are hooked up externally to the computer. It is debatable however
whether PCMCIA cards qualify as peripherals under this restrictive definition, because some of them
go fully inside the laptop, while some, like WiFi cards, have external appendages.
The term is different from computer accessories: Computer peripheral has a narrow meaning
that refers only to the input output devices of a computer, whereas, computer accessories has a
broader meaning, that refers, all the parts that support a computer which includes motherboards,
sensors, chips, including all the input and output devices.
The Power Inverter:
Deep at the heart of any electric vehicle lays a crucial component - the
power inverter.
This is a multi-purpose electrical power module that not only converts DC

supplied by the batteries into AC to drive the motor, but also does the reverse job,
converting AC generated by the motor during braking to DC to recharge the
batteries.
The design of this crucial component is a challenge for electrical and

packaging engineers. A typical inverter switch is composed of an array of
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Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBT), each of them rated at several hundred
Amps. Unless the inverter is adequately and uniformly cooled it will suffer
material degradation and premature failure. The search for a thermally viable
inverter design is one of many challenges facing the electric vehicle industry
today.
Tom Hatfield, Operations Manager and Pablo Rodriguez, Project Engineer,

of the Modular Power Systems Group at Motorola's Semiconductor products
sector are very familiar with the problem. And with the help of Maya’s Electronic
System Cooling (ESC) package, they just might have solved it, giving the EV
industry a green light in the process.
The power inverter assembly mounts directly to the fluid filled heat sink.
Better design tools for better designs:
"What we wanted to do," explains Hatfield, "was performing a feasibility

study as to how well we could integrate liquid cooling with this power module."
To do that, they needed a powerful CFD tool that would allow them to design a
model that was true to their manufacturing and packaging needs, and not limited
by primitive geometric constraints built into the modeling software.
Motorola was already taking advantage of the superior 3D modeling and

meshing properties of SDRC's I-DEAS Master Series™ suite, and was delighted to
find that Maya’s thermal modeling packages fit seamlessly with I-DEAS™. The
wide range of supported element shapes also impressed them. "ESC supports
many element types; lump masses, beams, triangular and quad shells, bricks,
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wedges, and most important, tetrahedral elements which are needed for the
really complicated geometry - our geometry just isn't rectangular", states
Hatfield.
Armed with the right software, Motorola was able to model a new approach
to inverter construction, using their patented Metal Matrix Composite (MMC)
technology. This meant they could avoid the problems introduced by traditional
construction materials. Typical methods have involved building a multi-layered
thermal stack, on a copper base-plate, topped with an out-sourced heat sink.
Studies revealed, however, that this technique suffers from uneven cooling, and
the inevitable discrepancies between the rates of thermal expansion of the
components and the copper base-plate in turn lead to degeneration in interface
integrity, and the eventual break down of the component.
The Motorola team designed a new base-plate, using an aluminum silicon

carbide MMC. This offered a better thermal expansion match with the other
components, and in turn reduced stresses, and improved reliability. Since the
MMC could be molded instead of machined, they realized that they could take a
fresh look at the module's design. The traditional and troublesome finned heat
sinks were replaced with a new form-fitting fluid-filled design that combined the
functions of both base-plate and heat sink, enabling them to combine the heat-
sink with the inverter itself.
Two important objectives were that the heat sink had to provide for
uniform operating temperatures across the multiple IGBTs that compose a single
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device, and that the footprint was to be as small as possible. A low-profile fluid
filled design was developed, whereby a coolant is circulated through a simple heat
exchanger. The heat exchanger is designed to provide uniform fluid flow across
the width of the device. Within the heat exchanger, the fluid circulates around a
series of diamond shaped pins arranged to draw heat away from the transistors.
Smaller meshes, faster solve:
The part design was developed in I-DEAS then simplified for meshing.
Since the design was symmetrical along the fluid inlet/outlet axis the size of the
thermal model was halved. Also, since ESC provides a thermal assembly tool,
called Thermal Couplings, for joining dissimilar meshes; it was easy to use
different mesh densities for the various major sub-components. This unique
coupling capability further reduced the number of elements required to model
the inverter assembly and simplified the thermal modeling task.
The thermal model simulated the steady state heat transfer and fluid flow
and a relatively coarse mesh was used to model the power substrate. The fluid
mesh was further subdivided. In regions of particular interest, such as around the
heat-exchange fins, a fine mesh was used, while a coarse one was used in less
detailed regions. The flexibility of free meshing was critical for effectively
modeling the geometry and maintaining a reasonable mesh size.
The mesh on the sub-components was then combined, and the reduced
number of elements led to significantly shorter computational times than would
otherwise have been needed with older CFD technology. The advantage of

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smaller meshes and shorter solve times meant that they were able to see the
results of changes in hours instead of days.
In fact, the combination of faster solve times, and ease of use enabled
Rodriguez and Hatfield to complete the feasibility study in only two months, an
undertaking that would have been difficult with other software packages.

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INVERTORS (ELECTRONIC GENERATORS):
Power Inverters: 12V to 230V
Contents: construction plans, technical description
Version of Nov.8th, 1999
1000 VA-Inverter 12 Volt -> 230 Volt
An inverter allows the use of 230V electrical appliances from a car battery
or a solar battery. It must therefore supply a voltage that corresponds to an rms
of 230 Volts sine-wave like household main supply or similar. Sine-wave voltages
are not easy to generate. The advantage of sine-wave voltages list the soft
temporal rise of voltage and the absence of harmonic oscillations, which cause
unwanted counter forces on engines, interferences on radio equipment and surge
currents on condensers. On the other hand, square wave voltages can be
generated very simply by switches, e.g. electronic valves like mosfet transistors.
In former times electromagnetically switches, that operated like a door bell were
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used for this task. They were called "chopper cartridge" and mastered frequencies
up to 200 cycles per second. The efficiency of a square wave inverter is higher
than the appropriate sine wave inverter, due to its simplicity. With the help of a
transformer the generated square wave voltage can be transformed to a value of
230 Volts (110 Volts) or even higher (radio transmitters e.g.).
All appliances and electronic equipment will run as intended when using
sine wave power. True sine wave inverters will produce AC power as good as or
better than utility power, ensuring that even the most sensitive equipment will
run properly. While sine wave inverters are more expensive than modified sine
wave models, the quality of their waveform can be a definite advantage.
Simplified Inverter Drive.
The-rectifier:
This section comprises either 4 diodes in a single phase input drive or 6 diodes
for a 3 phase version, to rectify the fixed frequency input voltage to supply the
DC link.
The-DC-link:
This section consists of capacitors used to store the voltage from the
Rectifier for the use by the inverter stage of the drive. Voltages up to
800VDC are present in this section, so care should be taken not to touch
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any component in this section. This area is also used to absorb excess
energy caused by regeneration, a term used to describe the energy
"generated" by the motor when a high inertia load is brought to a stop
quickly. Suitable transistor and resistor equipment is necessary to achieve
very high levels of braking.
The-inverter:
This section comprising six transistors that are used as switches to

reconstitute the DC link in a variable voltage and variable frequency pattern to
control the ac motor. The most common system to achieve this is a process called
Pulse Width Modulation (PWM).
The-control-circuit:
The control section uses the information from the user such as set speed to
control the drive functionality and to develop the required speed and torque at
the motor shaft. It is also used to protect the drive when circumstances.
By accurately controlling the frequency and voltage applied to the motor, the user
can be assured of process or product performance. Many advances have been
made in this area in the last couple of years including the emergence of open and
closed loop Flux Vector drives, these are discussed in a later section.

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Aims And Objectives:
Objectives:
1. To understand needs and wants of the customer.
2. To find the potential area where the inverter is to be sold.
3. To know the awareness of inverters.
4. Market survey on inverter.
5. To know the position of inverter in the minds of the

customers.
6. To compare the inverter with other devices like generators..

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Need for the Study:
1. Application of theoretical knowledge practically through

industry exposure.
2. Understand the integration with the other sub-system as a part

of the whole.
3. Decisions to further the theoretical knowledge after enhance an

exposure.

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3. Research Methodology:
The term research methodology comprises of all research activities

carried on in connection with marketing manager. It includes
marketing analysis.
According to Philip Kotler- Marketing Research such as marketing

analysis of the market problem, model building, and fact finding for
the purpose of improved decision making and control in marketing of
goods and services. For planning a research project, it is essential to
anticipate all steps that must be undertaken for its successful
comparison.
In this project we used two important methods. They are;
1. Primary data- was collected by using the structured

questionnaire, which includes both open-ended and closed-
ended questions. This method is being used because the data
can be generated which is required by us and also helps in
making the decisions.
This data was collected by the researcher through questionnaire

as-----
 Survey of randomly selected samples.
 Interviews with company people, customers.

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2. Secondary data- is the second hand information, which is to be

collected through the following sources.
 Official records.
 Literatures.
 News papers, Magazines, and Websites.
3. Depth interviews- which allows individuals to express

themselves without any fear of disapproval, dispute or advice
from the interviewers.

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4. ANALYSIS:
The collected data tabulated according to the respondents

response using percentage, aggregate scores, which are essential for
the study and which helps in proper analysis of the data.
5. CONCLUSIONS
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For this I am working to execute my project so that I can

conclude with good suggestions for my learning and giving those for
my company. By which it gets benefited and execute my project
successfully. I will get to good conclusions which elaborate my work
and raise my confidence to company’s advantages.
6. RECOMMENDATIONS

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Once Execution phase is completed then only I will be able to

give recommendations because it is inter linked with those strategies.
But provide quality work which gets influenced to implement that to
the organization. Surely I will ask the marketing department to
implement my recommendations, and conclusions because I have
that confidence of providing what the information they need.
Introduction:
History of organization:

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Ritech Peripherals, under the leadership of Mr. Ganapathy
Subramaniam, started operation in June 1996. Initially, Ritech
Peripherals started of with repair of non-impact printer PCBs.
Subsequently we started maintaining warranty printers and taking
AMCs for the whole range peripherals and products. Today, after
having completed 8 years of constant excellence in service, Ritech
Peripherals services geographically covers all parts of Karnataka and
attends to escalated calls in Calcutta, Bhuvaneshwar and
Ahmedabad.
Ritech Peripherals was conceived of as a specialized, printer’s

service center, which would provide professional services in the areas
of troubleshooting, problem solving and offering solutions to
customers on all aspects of printing and printers. As the use of
computers and thereby printers found widespread utility, there was
an acute shortage of trained manpower who could offer expert care
for the new generation of printers that were being introduced in the
market.
Our Valuable Customer For Your references
1. Karur Vysya Bank

2. Central Silk Board, Bangalore and Hosur.
3. Weekender Personality Limited
4. Karnataka Soaps and Detergents Limited
5. Namasthe Exports
6. LT karle Exports
7. Gokuldas Images
8. RSM Pharma
9. K.Mohan and Co.
10. Central Excise
11. The Himalayan Drug co.

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Authorized Service Provider for Wep Peripherals Limited

(Formerly Known as Wipro E-peripherals Ltd in Bangalore
As a Wep Peripherals Authorized Service Center, Ritech

Peripherals has come a long way towards fulfilling that agenda.
Indeed in many ways it has gone much beyond the earlier scope of
activities and today it is a dynamic, multi functional entity with a loyal

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customer base of Corporate, industries, small offices/businesses and

even home users.
Wep Peripherals on the growth of Ritech:
“Ritech Peripherals saw tremendous growth in the business during

its first year. The manpower was increased to 12, AMCs surged
above 25, and warranty printer base skyrocketed above 200. As the
word spread about the quality of service, the customers started
walking in with printers to get serviced on per call basis. Today
Ritech Peripherals services around 50 to 75 printers per month and
caters to the needs of varied customers, ranging from AMC
customers, per call basis support, warranty customers. The
expertise in non-impact and higher end printers also increased
significantly. Today they are able to take up out station calls for
these printers.”
September-October 1997- Wipro e-peripherals
Awarded As Best Service center for south for the year 1999-2000

Ritech does onsite warranty Support for all products thru Wep Call
center .(Dial 1600 446 446). We maintain Company Norms of 4Hours
Response and 8 Hours Call Closure Time. 4 Trained engineers will
service your printer at your site.
We have Inhouse Service Center with Component Level Repair

facility and two exclusive engineers to care the customers who walks
in to our office with printers, Ups and other Products.
We are commited and maintaining to sell genuine Wep Spares &

Consumables with normal Prices Given by Wep Peripherals Ltd from
last eight years.
Wep Peripherals and Ritech does Free Service camp every Year in
the month of July or August to ensure Customers get their Wep
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printers serviced at proper time to keep the printers at better

conditions.
Ritech also provides Post warranty services for all these printers
either on chargeable call basis or through Annual maintenance plans.
Ritech has repaired today over 25000 printers and around 1000
printers are under its annual care. Today Ritech has become the first
choice for higher end impact as well as non-impact printers even in
remote locations of Karnataka. Major multinational computer
vendors look to Ritech to handle their customers’ problems.
Ritech offers Best Buyback Scheme for old wep products and helps
customer to upgrade their printers as per their growing needs
Authorized Repair Facility for Epson India

Ritech has been appointed by EPSON INDIA for turning around

defective units from all over the country in a specially set up state of
art facility, which is one of its kind in India. Our engineers are trained
to handle around an inflow of around 400 defective units in a month.
These units are put through vigorous quality test before clearing the
same to the field.
Ritech Peripherals has been placing special emphasis on Epson

products right from the beginning of our operations. Our expertise as
well as experience in solving problems relating to higher end impact
printers (DFX 5000/8000/8500) as well as Inkjets (Stylus models)
have made us the first choice for any problems relating to these
printers.
The spectacular success of our non-impact repair centre in turning

around 85% defective boards of Epson inkjets/lasers has earned us
the admiration of one and all.


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NON-IMPACT REPAIR CENTRE:
With the popularity of non-impact printers such as inkjets and

lasers growing, expertise in servicing and upkeep of these
sophisticated printers assumes paramount importance. Ritech
Peripherals has invested considerably in establishing an exclusive
non-impact repair centre where inkjet/laser printer PCB’s are sent
from all parts of the country for repair. Specially trained engineers
diagnose and solve intricate problems and keep the machines going at
customer locations all across the country. This facility is a one of its
kind in the country

VALUE ADDED SERVICES:

Ritech helps customers to get current product by helping them to

sell their old printers back to us.
Dial: 51280154
Authorized Warranty Stockist for Microsoft Hardware Products
Ritech offers Carry in Replacement for all Microsoft Hardware

Products under Warranty. Call 51280152
Providing IT peripherals products, IT peripherals solutions and

printing services. Prior to WeP was the peripherals systems division

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of Wipro InfoTech and was engaged in the manufacturing and

distribution of digital printers.
Systems Services, Upgrades and New Systems
Apart from Printer Services, We offer the best System Support for
all our valuable Customers.
We offer free upgradation on memory , Legal anti virus software

for customers who continues systems under maintenance contract for
three years with us. Also Special System upgradation on
motherboard for customers who is with us more than five years
under maintenance contract .
WeP services customer requirements in consumables and spares

for the printer products through a dedicated network of WeP
Consumable Retailers, Stockiest & Authorized service providers. This
distribution process ensures that customers get genuine consumables
and spares on demand. With customers increasing their usage of
network printing and document printing through lasers, WeP has
started to service these requirements through a range of personal and
workgroup laser printers.

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Dot Matrix Printers, High speed printers & Line Matrix printers
have been the traditional businesses of WeP, and WeP continues its
dominance in these areas.
Apart from above, we continuously check for virus every quarter at

free of cost and monthly backup of data(not exceeding 700mb).
We also Sell all type of computer components and we help

customers by helping to get space in web and hosting web pages thru
our contact.
Other Printer Services
Due to Customer needs, we support all type of Printers either

carrying in or onsite.
Global Sourcing

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Access to “Best in Class” in India and abroad for different types

of parts and components both by network and manufacturer source.
Strategic, long term relationships with vendors with global

accessibility.
Constant up-gradation of vendor capabilities through

continuous interaction & monitoring.
Provide Financial support to vendors and encourage investment

in technology and up-gradation of equipment.
iii. Special features
 Reviews the performance of the Indian IT Industry annually.
 In the DQ Top 20 report for the financial year 2002-03, amongst

the Impact printer player in the market, WeP emerged as
No.1….yet again.
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 With sales of 115,219 units at Rs.113 Crores, WeP DMPs was way
ahead of the nearest competition.
 The balance of WeP’s impact printers business came from

Passbooks & line matrix printers.
 WeP is ISO 9002 certified.

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iv. Departmental study
Export Department
Electronic Design & Manufacturing Division (EDM)
EDM division is an independent profit center of WeP as a whole,

the Flagship Division focusing on Exports. Currently 40% of the
production is catered to Exports sales and having a vision of moving
towards 60% within another two years.
It is our mission to be a world class electronic design & mfg.

Services provider. The division is currently focuses on Electronic
Contract Manufacturing Services and manufacturing
electromechanical office automation and IT products and peripherals
for global OEMs.
The thrust is on Exports and the strategy is to leverage on.
 A highly competent and competitive manufacturing setup.
 Our design strength as a key differentiation

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Why EDM ?
Our key focus is on Exports and Contract manufacturing through

Quality, Innovation and value for money.
 Quality manufacturing strength to handle high Electronic

Content Products.
 Managerial Prowess in handling expanding exports base.
 High Quality conscious environment
 Global source capability
 Cost Competitive.
 Financial capability
 Design capability.
 Design Value Addition.

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EDM - Quality
The manufacturing facility is certified for ISO 9001 by RWTUV of

Germany and is the manufacturing facility is under Govt-EHTP to get
the maximum advantage and smooth flow duty free Imports
 The export-manufacturing unit is certified as per VDE 0805
 Six Sigma coverage in all critical business processes.
 Stringent Vendor rating system and continuous process

improvement for all vendors and suppliers.
 In-house audit and Logistics are maintained at high Sigma levels.
 High quality Engineering change process for ease of

manufacturing.

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EDM-Support
Offerings
 Warranty Support
 Post Warranty Support
 Trainings

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Manufacturing department
OEM Export Manufacturing:
EDM has embarked on the journey towards tapping the

international market to fuel its growth plans.
With the major Printer players are getting consolidated

worldwide the opportunity for the export has become more
significant and encouraging.
From virtually negligible revenue share the previous year,

exports clocked a revenue share of 7%. EDM, over the past one year,
worked closely with the export customers in EUROPE and achieved
significant revenues. By this growth, WeP strengthened relationships
with its international OEM customers in EUROPE and South Africa.

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Contract Manufacturing:
EDM's expertise in managing the Indian market conditions to

meet the customer requirements against the global quality is the key
differentiation. It also becomes lot more easily to offer the very best
of the Product to the global competition in the international market
as our product focus and reliability is being strengthened by the
Indian conditions.
EDM has embarked on the journey towards tapping the

international market to fuel its growth plans.
Our key focus on the international market with our products is

to tap the every opportunity ahead of us which challenges our
preparedness and Technical advantage in the product segment.

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Our current operations of manufacturing include:
 Manufacturing of Electronic Typewriters for a GERMAN

COMPANY.
 Manufacturing of Dot-matrix Printers for well-known

JAPANESE GROUP.
 Manufacturing of Dot-matrix Printers and UPS for our channel

Partners in INDIA.
 Manufacturing of Dot-matrix Printers, Electronic Typewriters

and UPS for Direct Channel exports to SRILANKA, HONGKONG,
SINAGPORE, THAILAND, MALASIA AND INDONESIA.

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CUSTOMER CARE DEPARTMENT
Mutual Agreement
We are delighted to have you as our esteemed customer. To have

common understanding of the services provided to you, herewith we
are giving the following details.
1. The warranty covers only the manufacturing defects brought to

WeP Peripheral's notice prior to date of warranty expiry.
2. Consumables such as print head, toner cartridge, ink cartridge,

ribbon cartridge, are not covered under warranty, unless
otherwise mentioned.
3. Use of non-recommended consumables-spurious/fake

ribbon/ink/toner cartridge-will seriously affects the
performance of the printer. Warranty will be void with use of
such consumables.

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4. The warranty does not cover the damage done to other

equipments used in conjunction with this unit.
5. Warranty services do not cover failures or misuse arising from

events or circumstances beyond the control of WeP, such as
improper site conditions, environmental hazards,etc.
6. This warranty shall be rendered null or void if any unauthorized

repair or modifications are carried out on the unit.
7. Any incidental costs like packing and transportation will have to

be borne by the customer, while getting warranty and post-
warranty services.
8. In case of any legal issues with respect to the product, it is hereby

agreed by common consent between the parties that all of them
shall come under the jurisdiction of Bangalore courts only.

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Warranty Support for Data Com Products
WeP Peripherals has appointed WeP Peripherals

Communications & Networking Products Support Providers (WCSP)
for handling support of Data Communication and Networking
Products.
Dealers & OEMs may utilize the help of WCSPs for providing
warranty / Post-Warranty service to their customers.
Post Warranty Support for Data Com Products
 WeP Peripherals will support these products for a period 3

years the date of stopping the sales of the product.
 In case of any hardware failures during post warranty,

replacement of the product (SWAP) shall be provided with
working/equivalent unit on a chargeable basis.
 There shall be no repair support for these products.
 WeP shall release Swap Price List from time to time for all
products under active support.

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TRAINING DEPARTMENT FOR PRODUCT INSTALLATION
We have established authorized WeP Peripherals Training

Centres (WPTCs) for providing specialized training on printer
servicing and part repairs. Customers may also contact these WPTCs
for any customized training for their requirements on printers.
Spares Sales
Customer can buy genuine spare parts for WeP Peripherals

supplied products from any of our authorized WPSCs,WLSCs/WPMC
and Dealers.
Installation Support for Data Com Products

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 In case of Unmanaged Switches, Print Servers & NICs, it is the

responsibility of the Dealer, OEM selling the product to install
them.
 In case of WeP-Huawei Routers & Switches Installation help can

be availed through WeP-Huawei Certified Engineers.
PART II
Project Overview:
PROJECT TITLE:
“FEASIBILITY STUDY OF INVERTERS IN WIPRO e-

PERIPHERALS”
i. Introduction:
In a scenario where technological changes happening consumer is

the king and his needs and wants are changing with time. A company
will strive to achieve technological superiority to fulfill consumer
needs and wants. The very important purpose of this project is the
feasibility study of inverter business in Wipro peripherals. Inverter is
used to derive line-power back up from batteries.
The study is intended to highlight in what area inverter is used,

who uses this inverter, and what are all the expectations out of
inverters.
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This project also makes comparison of inverters with other

devices such as generators.
This aspect reveals that why it is important to make above

comparison, this makes convenient to convince the customers with
the help of comparative study and also understand the loopholes or
shortcoming, which can be improved later.
Therefore to make successful, the company needs detail research

or survey on the chosen area or subject.
This has led me to go through this project whereby I can

contribute to the organizational growth and its optimum efficiency.
This project includes analytical study, research, and also reveals

suggestions and conclusions.
The Power Inverter:
Deep at the heart of any electric vehicle lays a crucial component

- the power inverter.
This is a multi-purpose electrical power module that not only

converts DC supplied by the batteries into AC to drive the motor, but
also does the reverse job, converting AC generated by the motor
during braking to DC to recharge the batteries.
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The design of this crucial component is a challenge for electrical

and packaging engineers. A typical inverter switch is composed of an
array of Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBT), each of them
rated at several hundred Amps. Unless the inverter is adequately and
uniformly cooled it will suffer material degradation and premature
failure. The search for a thermally viable inverter design is one of
many challenges facing the electric vehicle industry today.
Tom Hatfield, Operations Manager and Pablo Rodriguez, Project

Engineer, of the Modular Power Systems Group at Motorola's
Semiconductor products sector are very familiar with the problem.
And with the help of Maya’s Electronic System Cooling (ESC) package,
they just might have solved it, giving the EV industry a green light in
the process.
The power inverter assembly mounts directly to the fluid filled heat
sink.
Better design tools for better designs:
"What we wanted to do," explains Hatfield, "was performing a

feasibility study as to how well we could integrate liquid cooling with
this power module." To do that, they needed a powerful CFD tool that
would allow them to design a model that was true to their
manufacturing and packaging needs, and not limited by primitive
geometric constraints built into the modeling software.

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Motorola was already taking advantage of the superior 3D

modeling and meshing properties of SDRC's I-DEAS Master Series™
suite, and was delighted to find that Maya’s thermal modeling
packages fit seamlessly with I-DEAS™. The wide range of supported
element shapes also impressed them. "ESC supports many element
types; lump masses, beams, triangular and quad shells, bricks,
wedges, and most important, tetrahedral elements which are needed
for the really complicated geometry - our geometry just isn't
rectangular", states Hatfield.
Armed with the right software, Motorola was able to model a

new approach to inverter construction, using their patented Metal
Matrix Composite (MMC) technology. This meant they could avoid the
problems introduced by traditional construction materials. Typical
methods have involved building a multi-layered thermal stack, on a
copper base-plate, topped with an out-sourced heat sink. Studies
revealed, however, that this technique suffers from uneven cooling,
and the inevitable discrepancies between the rates of thermal
expansion of the components and the copper base-plate in turn lead
to degeneration in interface integrity, and the eventual break down of
the component.
The Motorola team designed a new base-plate, using an

aluminum silicon carbide MMC. This offered a better thermal
expansion match with the other components, and in turn reduced
stresses, and improved reliability. Since the MMC could be molded
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instead of machined, they realized that they could take a fresh look at
the module's design. The traditional and troublesome finned heat
sinks were replaced with a new form-fitting fluid-filled design that
combined the functions of both base-plate and heat sink, enabling
them to combine the heat-sink with the inverter itself.
Two important objectives were that the heat sink had to provide
for uniform operating temperatures across the multiple IGBTs that
compose a single device, and that the footprint was to be as small as
possible. A low-profile fluid filled design was developed, whereby a
coolant is circulated through a simple heat exchanger. The heat
exchanger is designed to provide uniform fluid flow across the width
of the device. Within the heat exchanger, the fluid circulates around a
series of diamond shaped pins arranged to draw heat away from the
transistors.
Smaller meshes, faster solve:
The part design was developed in I-DEAS then simplified for

meshing. Since the design was symmetrical along the fluid inlet/outlet
axis the size of the thermal model was halved. Also, since ESC
provides a thermal assembly tool, called Thermal Couplings, for
joining dissimilar meshes; it was easy to use different mesh densities
for the various major sub-components. This unique coupling
capability further reduced the number of elements required to model
the inverter assembly and simplified the thermal modeling task.
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The thermal model simulated the steady state heat transfer and
fluid flow and a relatively coarse mesh was used to model the power
substrate. The fluid mesh was further subdivided. In regions of
particular interest, such as around the heat-exchange fins, a fine
mesh was used, while a coarse one was used in less detailed regions.
The flexibility of free meshing was critical for effectively modeling the
geometry and maintaining a reasonable mesh size.
The mesh on the sub-components was then combined, and the

reduced number of elements led to significantly shorter
computational times than would otherwise have been needed with
older CFD technology. The advantage of smaller meshes and shorter
solve times meant that they were able to see the results of changes in
hours instead of days.
In fact, the combination of faster solve times, and ease of use

enabled Rodriguez and Hatfield to complete the feasibility study in
only two months, an undertaking that would have been difficult with
other software packages.

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INVERTORS (ELECTRONIC GENERATORS):
Power Inverters: 12V to 230V
Contents: construction plans, technical description
Version of Nov.8th, 1999
1000 VA-Inverter 12 Volt -> 230 Volt
An inverter allows the use of 230V electrical appliances from a

car battery or a solar battery. It must therefore supply a voltage that
corresponds to an rms of 230 Volts sine-wave like household main
supply or similar. Sine-wave voltages are not easy to generate. The
advantage of sine-wave voltages list the soft temporal rise of voltage
and the absence of harmonic oscillations, which cause unwanted
counter forces on engines, interferences on radio equipment and
surge currents on condensers. On the other hand, square wave
voltages can be generated very simply by switches, e.g. electronic
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valves like mosfet transistors. In former times electromagnetically

switches, that operated like a door bell were used for this task. They
were called "chopper cartridge" and mastered frequencies up to 200
cycles per second. The efficiency of a square wave inverter is higher
than the appropriate sine wave inverter, due to its simplicity. With
the help of a transformer the generated square wave voltage can be
transformed to a value of 230 Volts (110 Volts) or even higher (radio
transmitters e.g.).
All appliances and electronic equipment will run as intended

when using sine wave power. True sine wave inverters will produce
AC power as good as or better than utility power, ensuring that even
the most sensitive equipment will run properly. While sine wave
inverters are more expensive than modified sine wave models, the
quality of their waveform can be a definite advantage.
Simplified Inverter Drive.
The-rectifier:
This section comprises either 4 diodes in a single phase input drive or

6 diodes for a 3 phase version, to rectify the fixed frequency input
voltage to supply the DC link.
The-DC-link:
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This section consists of capacitors used to store the voltage from

the
Rectifier for the use by the inverter stage of the drive. Voltages up
to 800VDC are present in this section, so care should be taken not to
touch any component in this section. This area is also used to absorb
excess energy caused by regeneration, a term used to describe the
energy "generated" by the motor when a high inertia load is brought
to a stop quickly. Suitable transistor and resistor equipment is
necessary to achieve very high levels of braking.
The-inverter:
This section comprising six transistors that are used as switches
to reconstitute the DC link in a variable voltage and variable
frequency pattern to control the ac motor. The most common system
to achieve this is a process called Pulse Width Modulation (PWM).
The-control-circuit:
The control section uses the information from the user such as set
speed to control the drive functionality and to develop the required
speed and torque at the motor shaft. It is also used to protect the drive
when circumstances dictate
By accurately controlling the frequency and voltage applied to the
motor, the user can be assured of process or product performance.
Many advances have been made in this area in the last couple of years
including the emergence of open and closed loop Flux Vector drives,
these are discussed in a later section.
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ii. Aims And Objectives:
Objectives:
1. To know the awareness of inverters.

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2. To understand needs and wants of the customer.
3. To find the potential area where the inverter is to be sold.
4. The mission of my study is to “Extract new information and

transform it to enhance and achieve optimum utilization.”
iii. Methodology
Research Methodology:
The research methodology for this project adopted is the

questionnaire method.

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The questions involved , the sample size , unit has been given as
follows.
Sample size: 100
Sample units: Individuals.
The individual have been selected randomly and they have given
questionnaire to be filled by them.
Area: Bangalore
The term research methodology comprises of all research activities

carried on in connection with marketing manager. It includes
marketing analysis.
According to Philip Kotler- Marketing Research such as marketing

analysis of the market problem, model building, and fact finding for
the purpose of improved decision making and control in marketing of
goods and services. For planning a research project, it is essential to
anticipate all steps that must be undertaken for its successful
comparison.
In this project we are using two important methods. They are;

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4. Primary data- is to be collected by using the structured

questionnaire, which includes both open-ended and closed-
ended questions. This method is being used because the data
can be generated which is required by us and also helps in
making the decisions.
This data is collected by the researcher through

questionnaire as-----
 Survey of randomly selected samples.
 Interviews with company people, customers.
5. Secondary data- is the second hand information, which is to be

collected through the following sources.
 Official records.
 Literatures.
 News papers, Magazines, and Websites.
6. Depth interviews- - which allows individuals to express

themselves without any fear of disapproval, dispute or advice
from the interviewers.

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MARKETING RESEARCH
Before the industrial revolution, the emphasis was on

production and better production of articles. The production was
carried on small scale and in most cases articles were produced only
when an order was placed in advance. In modern times, the
production is carried on a large scale. Production is also undertaken
in anticipation of future market demand, naturally therefore the
emphasis has now shifted from production distribution, marketing
and selling, therefore efforts are made to understand first the market
needs and then to produce the goods and services as per the market
needs. Now marketing research is of great help to marketing men
because it is marketing research, which helps them to understand,
investigate, analyze and interpret the marketing conditions.
Marketing research activity probably began around 1960 and

developed as more companies began to be interested in regional and
national markets. The field was expanded marketed by the
development of sampling techniques in the year 1930, and the
application of psychological interviewing and measurement
techniques. In advanced countries marketing research is considered
no longer in its pioneering stages although in India very few
companies are infact doing market research and particularly on
scientific lines. Even in India very few companies are infact doing
marketing research and particularly on scientific lines. Even in India
in some companies enlightened business managers do work upon it
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as an indispensable tool for profitable customer oriented marketing

of a large advertising agency set up to do market research for various
types of research of a company, consumer attitudes, reaction and
preference and advertising research as an end to the management of
advertising work.
Marketing research is the gathering, recording, analyzing and

reporting of old facts relating to the transfer and sale of goods and
services from the producer to the customer. It is usually , but not
necessarily based on the statistical probability theory using always
the scientific method. It may be defined as the objective and
systematic collection, recording, analysis, interpretation and
reporting of information about existing or potential markets, market
strategies and tactics and the interaction between the markets,
marketing methods and current or potential products or services.
Marketing research infact is apart of social research and has
acquired and has acquired academic status. In addition to its fact
finding function, it is naturally concerned with the analysis problem
surveyed and with the interpretation of the facts gathered, while
conducting the marketing research, a company has three alternatives
either to set up its own research, department or to use the
independent research organization or to contact the subsidiary.
Organizing the clients. Choosing the best alternatives depends

upon various factors such as cost, types of question to be investigated
and personalities of the people involved.
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Consumers examine their attitude, preferences, habits and

purchasing of power. Marketing research is also concerned with
channels of distribution of promotion and pricing and with the design
of the products and services to be marketed. Although there is hardly
a form of commercial activity, that does not use marketing research
with some frequency, it finds widest application in manufacturing
probably because manufacturing is future removed from the ultimate
consumer than are most service industries, public utilities and
wholesale and retails enterprise. Marketing research is of great help
to the marketing men because it is market research, which helps them
to understand, investigate, analyze and interpret the market
conditions. It is the systematic gathering, recording, and analyzing of
data about problems relating to the marketing of goods and services.
It is the application of scientific methods to the study of factors that
affect buying decisions in a given market and the profitability of the
business concerned. Marketing research is the gathering and analysis
of information to assist management in making, marketing decisions.
These involve the manipulation of form’s pricing, production,
distribution and product variables. Marketing research expects help
the top management can take proper decisions in regard to the
marketing problems. Evolution and development of the product,
study of its pricing policy, problems relating to promotion or increase
in its sales and the distribution of the product itself are described as
the four important variables which marketing research is often called
fifth variable. In other words marketing research consists of
application of scientific methods and procedures to study of
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marketing problems. Such a study helps the management to take

better decisions.
Marketing research begins even when production is at the

planning stage continuous throughout the life time of an enterprise
today’s business makes the scope of marketing research wide. Starts
considering which goods to be produced or serviced offered and cover
all marketing factors that are likely to affect these products and
services and sales.
Marketing research covers reactions to products both new,

existing technical and commercial development of product to meet
specific requirement of consumer quantity to be produced, design
size, color, packaging product preferences. Consumers reactions to be
product of the manufacturer of another area where market research
can be fruitfully applied and market research for a new product varies
from the one already existing in the market when it’s a new product,
research is of an exploratory nature intened to asses the need and to
probe in to consumer acceptance in the proposed from design color
and some other features that make it more acceptable. A comparison
with similar product already existing in the market also becomes
necessary, but for and existing product, the manufacture would like
to asses the share of the market necessary modifications with view to
securing great share through acceptance. In case of a product
marketing research and technical research at the laboratory level,
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almost go hand in hand. Moreover marketing research helps in

understanding the reactions of the consumer to the various features
of the product, packaging, which has appeal at first sight to the
consumers. if the package is easy to handle it will help in pushing the
product in the market. Thus design demands marketing research to
help to make product acceptable to consumers.
New products require pre-listing in a market. Such a market
consists of a cross section prospective buyers. The reaction available
from such a testing helps to finalize the form in which it is to be
marketed ultimately and helps to meet the acceptations of buyers.
Thus research can be applied to discover reactions of consumer to a
product in order to meet the existing need and device ways and means
to adopt it for insuring maximum acceptability by the market. Then
market research functions in a complementary manner to the
requirements of the product.
Specialized knowledge and experiences are required for

planning marketing research and executing it effectively. Therefore
the actual conduct of marketing research activities is entrusted to
staff specialists or outside professional agencies. However the
marketing manager should posses enough knowledge and
appreciation to research problem and to determine which size
specialized assistance is required, assist the specialist in planning the
research problem and to determine which such specialized
assistances required. Assist the specialist in planning the research
investigation; decide whether the results of a proposed marketing
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research are likely to be beneficial to the company. When compared

with the cost involved in conducting the research apply to research
findings to decision making with the attention to short comings of
various types of information.
Marketing research is an aid to decision making, sometimes

marketing research gets out of touch with decision making. The best
way to make full use of research is that both the marketing executive
and research specialist should relate their problems to a common
framework in which a direct connection is made between decision
problems and research problems.
Adjustments in production on the basis of research finding can

help the enterprise in avoiding losses as far as possible. Product
interrelationship can be better understood through research and this
knowledge helps to manufacture in securing rationalization.
Marketing research helps to serve as a guide to production and to use
the available capacity of the factory to the best possible advantage.
Marketing research can be used for estimating the potential for

sales as because many segments of population have to be eliminated
because of certain factors. Marketing research can help the
manufacturer in deciding his potential market in the context.

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Marketing research made by market generally helps in analyzing

the market, development of a new product, estmation of potential for
sales, determination of competitive position of products development
of distribution of policies and sales method. Determination of
customer preferences improvement in present products, in the
discovery of new user for old product and in the assessment of sales
organization and staff, effectiveness of advertising and sales
promotion efforts. Selling of the product is the ultimate goal of
marketing department of enterprise.
Marketing research therefore works closely with the sales

department even though marketing research activities is conducted
independent of the sales department. Sometimes there is a gap in
communication about changes in sales to customer between the
factory and the retailers. These gap can be removed by marketing
research constant research of the market can help the manufacturer
in meeting the situation in time to avoid any effects on production or
strain on its resources marketing research will enable the sales
department to adjust quotas keeping in mind the potential and the
requirements on part of its sales people to reach them as expected.
Marketing research helps the advertising and publicity, which is

becoming increasingly expensive and provides direction to
advertising to achieve the desired results. It helps in the selection of
most appropriate media through which the message is reached to
right class of customers. Better cost benefit can established as a result
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of this research. For measuring the marketing efficiency it is possible

to correlate the marketing cost to sales as also to profits. Since the
future market is the foundation that can sustain an enterprise over
the period of time, it is a common way for unit to attempt forecasting
for future sales and helps in financial budgeting. It provides
necessary data and information to predict future market conditions.
It will enable the management to avoid errors as far as possible.
Through the research planning problems can be faced more certain
grounds, more easily
and even by research of new developments taking place in the
economy. Marketing research helps manufacturer in pricing by
studying what value satisfaction product fetches to the consumer.
While determining the price strategy, market research should be
aware of the fact more optimization of profit is not the sole objective
of the company. There are many other objectives to be considered.
Since it discharges enough benefits for the manufacturer,
distributor, and government in different ways, it is of at most
importance realize that an enterprise benefits from marketing
research as the better lead to production according to consumers
demand, increasing after of sales, reduction of costs, detection of
effective policies, discoveries of new opportunities and so on. Despite
The importance and utility of marketing research, it must be
borne in mind that it cannot provide the solution to every business
problems. The executive should not be dependent on marketing
research is neither complete nor the solution to every marketing
problem. Research is a vital aim of management. But it can be no
better than the environment that it lives.
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Marketing research is crucial to the success of modern companies.

Because
 It provides the background needed to make effective
decisions on the wide range of issues.
 It is useful for complicity and growth of the market.
 It facilitates role in pricing policy.
 It plays a role in promotion strategy and in development

and introduction of new products.
 It provides marketers with right type and amount of

needed information.
Process of marketing research:

Stages in Research Process:
Formulate problem
Determine Research
Design
Determine Data Collection

methods

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Design Data Collection

Forms
Design Sample And Collect

the Data
Analyze And Interpret the

Data
Prepare the Research
Sequence of steps in market research:
Formulate problem:
One of the more valuable roles marketing research can perform

is helping to define the problem to be solved. Only when the problem
is precisely defined can research be designed to provide pertinent
information. Each project should not be taken until these can be
explicitly stated.
Determine research design:

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The sources of information for a study and the research design

go hand in hand. They both depend on how much is known about the
problem. It relatively little is known about the phenomenon to be
investigated exploratory research will be warranted. Typically
exploratory research is used when the problem to be solved is broad
or vague.
Determine Data Collection Method:
Often the information that a firm needs to solve its problem

already exists in the form of secondary data or data that have already
been collected some purpose other than the questions of hand. Such
data may exist in the firm’s own internal information system as
feedback on warranty cards, call reports from the sales force or
orders from wholesalers. If the firm itself is does not have the
necessary information, it may be readily available from a good
business library in the form of government statistics or trade
association reports. Finally if neither of those sources proves fruitful
the data may have already been collected by a commercial research
supplier. while the firm must pay for such information fee is usually
less than the cost of an original study. In any case for reasons of both
cost and time researchers should always look first at existing sources
if data before launching a research report.
Design data-collection Forms:

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Once the researcher has settled on the method to be used for the
study, he or she must decide on the type of observation form or
questionnaire being used. Should it be structured as a fixed set of
alternative answers .
Design sample and collect data:
After determining how the needed information will be collected the

researchers must decide what group will be observed or questioned
depending on the study , this group might be housewives, tennis
players. The particulars subset of the population chosen for study is
known as a sample. In designing the sample, the researcher must
specify
The sampling frame which is the list of population elements

from which the sample will be drawn.
The sample selection process and the size of the sample which
people often assume the frame is implicit in the research
problem and thus taken it as granted .
Analyze and interpretation the data:
Research may a mass mountain of data, but it is useless the

findings are analyzed and the results interpreted in light of the
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problem at hand. Data analysis generally involves several steps.

First the data collection forms must be scanned to be sure that they
are complete, consistent and that the constructions were followed.
This process is called editing. After being edited the forms must be
coded which involves assigning numbers to each of the forms must
be coded which involves assigning numbers to each of the answers
so that they may be analyzing the data is tabulation. This refers to
the orderly arrangement of data in a table or other summary
format achieved by counting the frequency of responses to each
question at this point the data may also be cross classified by other
categories.
The coding editing and tabulation functions are common to most

research studies. Any statistical tests are applied to the data are
generally unique to the particular sampling procedures and data
collection instruments used in the research. these tests should be
anticipated before data collection begun,. If possible to assure that
the data and analyses will be appropriate for the problem as
specified.
Prepare the research report:
The research report is the document submitted to management

that summarizes the research results and conclusion. It is all that
many executives will see of the research effort at it becomes the
standard by which that research is judged. Thus, it is imperative
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that the research report be clear and accurate, since no matter how
will all previous steps have been completed. The project will be no
more successful than the research report one empirical study that
investigated the factors determining the extent to which research
are used my firms found that the research report was one of the
five most important determinants.
Types of Research Design:

Exploratory Research :
The exploratory study is particularly helpful in breaking broad,

vague problem statements in to smaller, more precise sub problem
statements, ideally in the form of specific hypotheses in effect, a
hypotheses is a statement that specified how more measurable
variables are related.
An exploratory study is also used to increase the analyst’s
familiarity with a problem. This is particularly true when analyst is
new to the problem area, for example, a marketing research
consultant going to work for a company for the first time. The
exploratory study may also be used to, clarify what is meant by
dealer satisfaction and development a method by which dealer
satisfaction could be measured.
Descriptive research designs:
A great deal of marketing research can be considered

descriptive research, which isused for the following purpose. To
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describe the characteristics of certain groups. For example, based on

information gathered from known users of our particular product, we
might attempt to a profile of the “average user” with respect to
income, sex, age, educational level, and so on. To estimate the
production of people in a specified population who behave in certain
way. We might be interested, say, in estimating the proportion of
people within as specified radius of a proposed shopping complex
who would shop at the center. To make specific predictions we might
be interested in predicting the level of sales for each of the next five
years so that we could plan for the hiring and training of new sales
representatives. Descriptive research encompasses an array of
research objective. However a description study is more than a fact-
gathering expedition.

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Casual Research Design:

Often expletory or descriptive research will turn up several
cause and effect hypotheses that a marketing manager may want to
examine. When the research question can be framed this explicitly,
the research is dealing with a situation ripe for casual analysis.
Descriptive research is fine for testing hypotheses, but it is not an
effective.

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iv. ANALYSIS:
The collected data tabulated according to the respondents response

using percentage, aggregate scores, which are essential for the study
and which helps in proper analysis of the data.
Table 1: Q2
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Table showing respondent’s opinion regarding the areas for which

the inverters are used.
Factor Respondents
(areas)
1. PC’s 58%
2. Microwave Ovens 17%
3. TV 18%
4. Any Other 07%
Diagram
Areas for which inverters are used
18% 7%
PC's Microwave Ovens
58%
17% TV Any Other
Analysis:
The above table shows the areas for which the inverters are used.
Majority of respondents ie, 58 percent are using it for PC’s, followed
by 18 percent of the respondents using it for TV’s. Further 17 percent
of people using it for microwave ovens. And finally 7 percent of the
respondents are using inverters for other purposes like Jewelry
shops.
Table2 Q3

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Table showing respondent’s opinion regarding the brand of

inverters they have.
Factor Respondents
(Brand)
1. USHA 25%
2. XANTRAX 7%
3. SUKHAM 17%
4. APC 28%
5. CROMPTON 5%
6. Any Other 18%
Diagram:
Brands of inverters used by the customers
USHA
18% 25%
5% XANTRAX
SUKHAM
7% APC
28% 17%
CROMPTON
Any Other
Analysis:
From the research it was found that majority of the respondents ie,
28 percent are using APC inverters followed by 25 percent
respondents who are using USHA inverters and 7 percent of the
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respondents using XANTRAX. Further 17 percent of the respondents

using SUKHAM inverters, and 5 percent using CROMPTON, and
finally 18 percent of the respondents are using other brands.
Table 3: Q4.
A.
Table showing satisfaction level of the respondents regarding the
existing brand.
Satisfaction Level Respondents
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Satisfied 58%
Not Satisfied 42%
Diagram
Satisfaction Level
42%
Satisfied
58% Not satisfied
Analysis:
The above table shows the satisfaction level regarding the existing
brands. Majority of the respondents ie, 58% were satisfied with the
existing brands. And 42 percent of the respondents are not satisfied
with the existing brands.
B.
Table showing brand wise satisfaction rating of inverters.
Brands Satisfied Not satisfied

USHA 68% 32%
XANTRAX 57% 43%
SUKHAM 18% 82%
APC 75% 25%
CROMPTON 60% 40%
Any Other 56% BANGALORE 44%
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C. Table showing user wise satisfaction rating of inverters.
Users Satisfied Not satisfied
Table
PC 55% 45%
4: Q5.
A.
Microwave 59% 41%
ovens
TV 61% 39%
Any other 56% 44%
Respondent’s opinion regarding back up required for inverter.
Factor Respondents
(Hours)
1. One Hr 13%
2. Two Hrs 42%
3. Four Hrs 28%
4. Six Hrs 17%
Diagram
Back up of inverter
17% 1 hr
13%
2hrs
28% 4hrs
42%
6 hrs

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Analysis:
From the above table it can be analyzed that majority of the
respondents ie 42 percent requires 2hrs of back up. Further 28
percent of the respondents requires 4 hrs of back up, followed by 17
percent of the respondents requires 6 hrs. And 13 percent of the
respondents requires 1 hr of back up.
B.
Brand wise opinion regarding back up required for the inverters.
(back up in hrs)
BRANDS 1hr 2hrs 4hrs 6hrs
USHA 16% 40% 28% 16%
XANTRA 0 43% 29% 28%
X
SUKHAM 12% 42% 24% 22%
APC 7% 46% 40% 7%
CROMPT 60% 20% 20% 0
ON
Any 12% 44% 17% 27%
Other
Diagram:

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brand wise back up
usha
12% 16%
0 xantrax
12%
sukham
apc
7%
crompton
60%
any other

BANGALORE
RITECH PERIPHERALS
C.
Table showing respondent’s opinion regarding the purpose for
their purchase of inverters.(from users choice)
Users 1hr 2hrs 4hrs 6hrs
PC’s 5% 47% 34% 14%
Microw 24% 35% 29% 12%
ave Oven
TV 17% 39% 11% 33%
Any 43% 29% 14% 14%
Other
Q.6

BANGALORE
RITECH PERIPHERALS
The table shows the respondents opinion regarding the purpose for
their purchase of inverters.
Table 5:
A.
Factor Respondents
(purpose)
1. Weighing Scale 23%
2. For back up 57%
3. Any Other 20%
Diagram:
Purpose
20% 23%
weighing Scale
57% For Back up
Any Other
Analysis:
From the above table it can be analyzed that 57 percent of the

respondents are using the inverters for back up purpose. Further 23
percent of the respondents are using it for weighing scale and 20
percent for other purpose.
B.

BANGALORE
RITECH PERIPHERALS
Table showing brand wise respondent’s opinion regarding the

purpose for their purchase of inverters.
BRANDS Weighing Back up Any other
scale purpose
USHA 20% 60% 20%
XANTRAX 29% 43% 28%
SUKHAM 29% 53% 18%
APC 25% 64% 11%
CROMPTO 20% 60% 20%
N
Any Other 17% 50% 33%
C. Table showing respondent’s opinion regarding the purpose for

their purchase of inverters (users)
Users Weighing For back Any other
scale up
PC 14% 60% 26%
Microwave 41% 47% 12%
Ovens
TV 39% 50% 11%
Any Other 14% 71% 15%
Q.7
Table 6:
A.
Table showing the respondents opinion regarding the year of
purchasing of inverters.
BANGALORE
RITECH PERIPHERALS
Factor Respondents
(Period)
1. 2 years back 37%
2. 3years back 46%
3. 5 years back 7%
4. Any Other 10%
Diagram:
Purchasing Period
7%
10% 37% 2 years back
3 years back
5 years back
46%
Any Other
Analysis:
The above table shows the time period before which the inverters
had been purchased. From the table it can be easily understood that
the majority of the respondents ie 46 percent, purchased inverters 3
years back. Followed by 37 percent of the respondents who
purchased 2 years back. 7 percent of the respondents purchased 5
years back and 10 percent of the respondents does not know exact
year when they have purchased.

BANGALORE
RITECH PERIPHERALS
B. Table showing the respondents opinion regarding the year of

purchasing of inverters(brand wise)
Brands 2 years 3years 5years Any
Other
USHA 44% 32% 8% 16%
XANTRA 29% 29% 13% 29%
X
SUKHAM 18% 58% 12% 12%
APC 14% 82% 4% 0
CROMPT 60% 20% 0 20%
ON
Any 78% 11% 6% 5%
Other
C. Table showing the respondents opinion regarding the year of

purchasing of inverters (users)
Users 2 years 3years 5years Any
Other
PC 38% 48% 4% 10%
Microw 35% 41% 6% 18%
ave Ovens
TV 39% 39% 17% 5%
Any 29% 57% 14% 0
Other

BANGALORE
RITECH PERIPHERALS
Table 7. Q8.
Table showing usage of inverter.
A.
Factor Respondents
(Usage of inverter)
1. When power fails 60%
2. Voltage 40%
fluctuations
Diagram:
Useage
40% When power fails
60% Voltage
Fluctuations
Analysis:
The above table shows the respondents opinion regarding usage of
inverters.
60 percent of the respondents use the inverter when power fails.
And 40 percent of the respondents use the inverter when voltage
fluctuates.

BANGALORE
RITECH PERIPHERALS
B.
Table showing usage of inverter: (brand wise)
Brands When power Voltage

fails fluctuations
USHA 68% 32%
XANTRAX 43% 57%
SUKHAM 76% 24%
APC 43% 57%
CROMPTON 60% 40%
Any Other 67% 33%
C. Table showing usage of inverter (users)
Users When power Voltage

fails fluctuations
PC 66% 34%
Microwave 59% 41%
Ovens
TV 44% 56%
Any Other 57% 43%

BANGALORE
RITECH PERIPHERALS
Table 8. Q9
Table showing the respondents opinion regarding the necessity of

inverters.
A.
Factor Respondents
Necessary 56%
Not necessary 44%
Diagram
Necessity of inverters
Inverter is
44% necessary
56% Inverter is not
necessary

BANGALORE
RITECH PERIPHERALS
Analysis:
The above table shows the respondents opinion regarding the

necessity of inverters. Majority of the respondent’s i.e 56 percent feels
it necessary. Where as 44 percent of the respondent does not feel it
necessary.

BANGALORE
RITECH PERIPHERALS
B. Table showing the respondents opinion regarding the necessity

of
Inverters(brand wise)
Brands Necessary Not necessary

USHA 52% 48%
XANTRAX 57% 43%
SUKHAM 58% 42%
APC 57% 43%
CROMPTON 60% 40%
Any Other 56% 44%
C. Table showing the respondents opinion regarding the necessity

of
Inverters (users)
Users Necessary Not

necessary
PC 48% 52%
Microwave 82% 18%
Ovens
TV 56% 44%
Any Other 57% 43%
Table 9 Q10.
A.
BANGALORE
RITECH PERIPHERALS
Table showing the respondents opinion regarding the changes after

using the inverters.
Factor Respondents
(change)
1. Continuous Power. 63%

2. Risk is less. 23%
3. Any Other 14%
Diagram
Changes after using inverters
14% Continuous Power

23% Risk is less
63%
Any Other
Analysis:
The above table shows the changes found on the part of the
respondents after using the inverters. Majority of the respondents ie
63 percent said that there will be a continuous power by using
inverters followed by 23 percent of the respondents who found less
risk as the change after using inverter and 14 percent of the
respondents mentioned other changes.
B.

BANGALORE
RITECH PERIPHERALS
Brand wise respondents opinion regarding the changes after

using the inverters.
Brands ContinuousPo Risk is Any

wer less. Other
USHA 64% 20% 16%
XANTRAX 57% 29% 14%
SUKHAM 59% 23% 18%
APC 53% 29% 18%
CROMPTO 60% 20% 20%
N
Any Other 83% 17% 0
C. users opinion regarding the changes after using the inverters.
Users ContinuousPow 2. Risk is 3. Any

er. less. Other
PC 69% 19% 12%
Microwav 71% 17% 12%
e Ovens
TV 44% 33% 23%
Any Other 43% 43% 14%
Table 10. Q11.

What are the demerits.
A.
BANGALORE
RITECH PERIPHERALS
Factor Respondents
(change)
1. Not so much 40%
powerful
2. Maintenance cost is 50%
high
3. Any Other 10%
Diagram
Demerits
Not so much powerful

10% 40%
Mentainance cost is
high
50%
Any Other
Analysis:
Out of 100 respondents 40 percent of the respondents are saying
that inverter is not so much powerful. And 50 percent of the
respondents saying that maintenance cost is high. And 10 percent of
the people are saying other choice like inverter is very costly and
other things.

BANGALORE
RITECH PERIPHERALS
B.
Demerits(brand wise):
Brands Not so Maintenan 3. Any

much ce cost is high Other
powerful
USHA 32% 64% 4%
XANTRAX 29% 42% 29%
SUKHAM 23% 65% 12%
APC 43% 46% 11%
CROMPTO 40% 20% 40%
N
Any Other 67% 33% 0
C. demerits (users):
Users Not so Maintenan 3. Any

much ce cost is high Other
powerful
PC 36% 55% 9%
Ovens
TV 61% 33% 6%
Any Other 29% 57% 14%
Table 11. Q.12

Is it cost worthy.
BANGALORE
RITECH PERIPHERALS
A.
Factor Respondents
(change)
1. Worth 30%
2. Unworthy 20%
3. Affordable 50%
Diagram:
Is inverter is cost worthy
30% worth
50% Unworthy
Affordable
20%
Analysis:
This table shows the cost of product what the customer is using.
This table clearly shows the image of product and its advantages. The
ratings are
30 percent are saying it is worthy, 20 percent said that it is
unworthy and 50 percent said that that it is affordable.
B. Is it cost worthy (brand wise):
Brands Worthy Unworthy Affordable

USHA 32% 20% 48%
BANGALORE
RITECH PERIPHERALS
XANTRAX 29% 29% 42%

SUKHAM 35% 29% 36%
APC 36% 21% 43%
CROMPTO 40% 20% 40%
N
Any Other 11% 6% 83%
C. Is it cost worthy (users):

Users Worthy Unworthy Affordable
PC 38% 21% 41%
Ovens
TV 11% 17% 72%
Any Other 29% 29% 42%
Table 12. Q13

A.
Table showing suggestions given by the respondents.
Suggestions Respondents
Back up should be more 49%
Voltage should be regular 37%
Any Other 14%

BANGALORE
RITECH PERIPHERALS
Diagram:
Suggestions
Back up should be
more
14%
49%
Voltage should be
37% regular
Any Other
Analysis:
From the above table 49 percentage of the respondents given
suggestion as back up should be more. 37 percent of the respondents
given voltage should be regular as suggestion. And other respondents
ie 14 percent given other suggestions.
B.
Table showing suggestions given by the respondents (brand
wise):
Brands Back up Voltage Any Other

should be should be
more regular
USHA 64% 28% 8%
XANTRAX 42% 29% 29%
SUKHAM 59% 18% 23%
APC 39% 43% 18%
CROMPTO 40% 40% 20%

BANGALORE
RITECH PERIPHERALS
N
Any Other 39% 61% 0
C. Table showing suggestions given by the respondents (users):
Users Back up Voltage Any Other

should be should be
more regular
PC 48% 38% 14%
Ovens
TV 28% 55% 17%
Any Other 86% 14% 0
Findings:
From the study it was found that majority of the respondents

were making the use of inverters to PC’s.
From the research it was found that 28 percent of the

respondents were using APC inverters.
Majority of the respondents found that the back up should be 2

hrs.
BANGALORE
RITECH PERIPHERALS

satisfied with the existing brands..

were making use of the inverters for the back up purpose.
Most of the respondents were felt necessary of inverters.
Majority of the respondents were saying that APC is the popular

brand in the market.
Conclusion:
As per the survey conducted by me on the topic “Feasibility study

of inverters”
I can conclude that existing brand of inverters are lacking in back

up and efficiency. So WIPRO e –PERIPHERALS (WeP) may find this
opportunity to introduce their inverters in to the market by keeping

BANGALORE
RITECH PERIPHERALS
in mind the changes that need to be adopted by which it can lead the
World with the new era of inverters.
Recommendations:
Depending on my research work the following recommendations

can be given for the findings of the study so also for the further
improvement to the study.
1. The use of inverters was found to be restricted only to the limited

areas like PC’S, Microwave Ovens, etc. the need of the hour of
today’s market is to grab and create the opportunities for the
inverters and make the wide application of inverters.
2. The back up need to be maximized which will ultimately

efficiency to the users.
3. Inverters in Wipro e-Peripherals are introduced in the market in

such a way that it should be competitive in the market and try to

BANGALORE
RITECH PERIPHERALS
add extra features that should be unique in the market in

compare with others.
For ex: should be reduced maintenance charge and be
powerful.
Appendix
QUESTIONNAIRE
Respected Sir/Madam,
I Mr. MOHAMMED MOHSIN FARAZ the student of BBM VI

semester at the AL-AMEEN INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES,
Bangalore. Now I am doing project on “feasibility study of inverters in
Wipro e-Peripherals.” So I request your cooperation for fulfilling this
task.
Name of the respondent:
Address:
Contact no:

BANGALORE
RITECH PERIPHERALS
INTERVIEWER’S NAME

BANGALORE
RITECH PERIPHERALS
1. What do you mean by inverter?

Ans: i. A device for changing direct current to alternate
current.
ii. Commonly used to derive line power back up from the
batteries.
iii. An appliance used to convert independent DC to power in
to standard households AC current.
iv. Don’t know.
2. Which all are the area inverter to be used?

Ans: i. PC’S.
ii. Microwave ovens.
iii. TV
iv. Any other[ ]
3. Do you have inverter? If yes, which brand you have.

Ans: i. Usha
ii. Xantrax.
iii. Su-kham
iv. APC
v. Compton.
vi. Any other [ ]

BANGALORE
RITECH PERIPHERALS
4. Are you satisfied with existing brand?

i. Satisfied
ii. Not satisfied.
5. How much hours back up do you feel?

i. 1hr.
ii. 2hrs.
iii. 4hrs.
iv. 6hrs
6. For what purpose you have buy the inverter.

i. weighing scale
ii. For back up
iii. Any Other [ ]
7. When you have buy the inverter.

i. 2yrs back.
ii. 3yrs back.
iii. 5yrs back.
iv. Any other [ ]
8. When inverters are used.

i. When power fails.
ii. When voltage fluctuates.
9. Do you feel it is necessary?

BANGALORE
RITECH PERIPHERALS
i. Necessary
ii. Not necessary.
10. What are the changes do you find by using inverters.

Ans: i. Continuous power.
ii. Risk is less.
iii. Any Other [ ]
11. What are the demerits.

i. Maintenance cost is high.
ii. Not so much powerful.
iii. Any Other[ ]
12. Is it cost worthy?

i. Worthy
ii. Unworthy
iii. Affordable
13. Any suggestions.

Ans: i. Back up should be more
ii. Voltage should be regular
iii. Any Other
Bibliography
Web sites:
BANGALORE
RITECH PERIPHERALS
i. www.google.com
ii. www.indiainfo.com
iii. www.wepindia.com
References:
References:
BANGALORE
RITECH PERIPHERALS
Marketing Management: Philip Kotler.
Marketing management: Gandhi
Research Methodology: C.R. Kothari

BANGALORE

Faraaz Final Project

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RITECH PERIPHERALS

AL-AMEEN INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES 1

“FEASIBILITY STUDY OF INVERTERS ON WIPRO-E-PERIPHERALS

are all the expectations out of inverters.

AL-AMEEN INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES 2

shortcoming, which can be improved later.

and its optimum efficiency.

AL-AMEEN INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES 3

The Power Inverter:

This is a multi-purpose electrical power module that not only converts DC

The design of this crucial component is a challenge for electrical and

Tom Hatfield, Operations Manager and Pablo Rodriguez, Project Engineer,

Better design tools for better designs:

"What we wanted to do," explains Hatfield, "was performing a feasibility

Motorola was already taking advantage of the superior 3D modeling and

The Motorola team designed a new base-plate, using an aluminum silicon

Smaller meshes, faster solve:

AL-AMEEN INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES 7

AL-AMEEN INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES 8

INVERTORS (ELECTRONIC GENERATORS):

Power Inverters: 12V to 230V

Contents: construction plans, technical description

Version of Nov.8th, 1999

1000 VA-Inverter 12 Volt -> 230 Volt

Simplified Inverter Drive.

This section comprising six transistors that are used as switches to

AL-AMEEN INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES 11

Aims And Objectives:

1. To understand needs and wants of the customer.

2. To find the potential area where the inverter is to be sold.

3. To know the awareness of inverters.

4. Market survey on inverter.

5. To know the position of inverter in the minds of the

6. To compare the inverter with other devices like generators..

AL-AMEEN INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES 12

Need for the Study:

1. Application of theoretical knowledge practically through

2. Understand the integration with the other sub-system as a part

3. Decisions to further the theoretical knowledge after enhance an

AL-AMEEN INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES 13

The term research methodology comprises of all research activities

According to Philip Kotler- Marketing Research such as marketing

In this project we used two important methods. They are;

1. Primary data- was collected by using the structured

This data was collected by the researcher through questionnaire

AL-AMEEN INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES 14

2. Secondary data- is the second hand information, which is to be

3. Depth interviews- which allows individuals to express

AL-AMEEN INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES 15

The collected data tabulated according to the respondents

For this I am working to execute my project so that I can

AL-AMEEN INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES 17

Once Execution phase is completed then only I will be able to

AL-AMEEN INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES 18

Ritech Peripherals was conceived of as a specialized, printer’s

Our Valuable Customer For Your references

1. Karur Vysya Bank

Authorized Service Provider for Wep Peripherals Limited

As a Wep Peripherals Authorized Service Center, Ritech

AL-AMEEN INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES 20

customer base of Corporate, industries, small offices/businesses and

Wep Peripherals on the growth of Ritech: