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The 31 Annual Scientific Meeting (PIT) HAGI, Semarang, 13-15 November 2006
Afnimar, PhD
ABSTRACT
The ground shaking caused by the May 26 th, 2006 earthquake has destroyed many constructions and houses in
the city of Bantul, Yogyakarta, Klaten and the surrounding area. A number of Seismologists have offered some
thought on the event from the concepts of source directivity and site amplification effect caused by the
existence of basin like low velocity zone. However, detailed explanation on how the quake propagates and
destroys all along its pathways still seems to be overlooked.
For this purposes, an experiment is conducted by performing simulation of the ground shaking caused by the
quake. This is done by employing finite difference method (FDM) approximation to solve the elastodynamic
equation. The focal mechanism solution from USGS is applied. The epicenter position is 7.935 O S 110.43 E
with 10 km depth. Moment seismic (Mo) is 4.2 10 18 Nm, strike is 241O, dip 85O and rake is 10O. The low
velocity structure near the surface is calculated from Bougeur anomaly data.
The simulation results show that most of the destructive areas are caused mainly by site effect. In other word it
is caused by constructive interference of many waves in the basin. An experiment has also been made by putting
the source right underneath the city of Bantul. However, simulation results show that it can not well explained
the destructive area observed. This is perhaps showing that the effect of basin like structure is more significant
in generating the ground shaking. Knowledge on the subsurface, especially the near surface structures should be
more explored in the future.
perlu dilakukan studi perambatan gelombang
Pendahuluan seismik dari pusat gempa tersebut.
Pada tanggal 26 Mei 2006 telah terjadi suatu gempa Studi ini dengan melakukan simulasi gelombang
bumi yang berkekuatan tinggi dengan magnitudo seismik dari pusat gempa (hiposenter) dengan
Mw 6.3. Gempa tersebut telah menghancurkan menerapkan persamaan elastodinamika. Persamaan
banyak bangunan dan memakan banyak korban ini dihampiri dengan pendekatan metoda beda
jiwa. Kerusakan tersebut terutama terdapat di hingga yang powerfull untuk diterapkan pada
daerah Bantul (lihat gambar 1), padahal lokasi medium heterogen dan mudah untuk
tersebut relatif cukup jauh dari pusat gempanya mengaplikasikan model sumber gempa double
(USGS, 2006) yang berada di arah selatan kota couple.
Bantul. Walaupun ada perhitungan pusat gempa
yang berbeda dengan USGS, tapi distribusi Metodologi
aftershock (Kirbani et al, personal comunication)
ada di sekitar lokasi Metodologi yang akan digunakan dalam riset ini
adalah penerapan metoda beda hingga pada
persamaan umum elastodinamika
episenter yang diestimasi oleh USGS tersebut. ∂ vi
Untuk mengkaji fenomena ini, ρ =τ ij , j +f i
∂t (1)
PROCEEDINGS HIMPUNAN AHLI GEOFISIKA INDONESIA
st
The 31 Annual Scientific Meeting (PIT) HAGI, Semarang, 13-15 November 2006
Diskusi
Gambar 2. PGA hasil simulasi dengan posisi sumber sesuai dengan solusi USGS.
Gambar 3. PGA hasil simulasi dengan posisi sumber di bawah area Bantul.