Exercise 8C

y x ( x + 2 ) is
1 a= shaped 1 c y=( x + 3) x ( x − 3)
y=0 ⇒ x =−3, 0,3
y = 0 ⇒ x = 0, −2 x → ∞, y → ∞
x → −∞, y → −∞

0
Area
= ∫ x ( x + 2 ) dx
−2

− ∫ ( x + 2 x ) dx
0
2
=
−2

 x3 
0 ydx ∫ ( x
∫=
3
− 9 x ) dx
−  + x2 
=
 3 −2  x4 9 2 
=  − x 
  8   4 2 
= ( 0 ) −  − + 4  
 3
0  81 9 
 
∫ y dx =( 0 ) −  − × 9 
 4
−3
4 2 
=−  −  81
 3 = +
4
= 3 or 1 13
4
3  81 9 
∫0 y dx = 4 − 2 × 9  − ( 0 )
b y=( x + 1)( x − 4 ) is shaped
81
y =0 ⇒ x =−1, 4 = −
4
81 81
So area = +
4 4
81
= or 40 12
2

∫ ( x + 1)( x − 4 ) d=x ∫ ( x − 3 x − 4 ) dx
4 4
2
−1 −1
4
 x3 3x 2 
= − − 4x 
 3 2  −1
 64 3 
=  − ×16 − 16 
 3 2 
 1 3 
− − − + 4
 3 2 
64 11
= − 40 + − 4
3 6
= −20 6
5

So area = 20 56

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1 d=y x2 ( x − 2) 1 e y =x ( x − 2 )( x − 5 )
y = 0 ⇒ x = 0 ( twice ) , 2 y = 0 ⇒ x = 0, 2,5
There is a turning point at (0, 0). x → ∞, y → ∞
x → ∞, y → ∞ x → −∞, y → −∞
x → −∞, y → −∞

∫ y d=x ∫ x ( x − 7 x + 10 ) dx
2

= ∫ ( x − 7 x + 10 x ) dx
2
− ∫ x 2 ( x − 2 ) dx
Area = 3 2
0

− ∫ ( x 3 − 2 x 2 ) dx
2
=  x4 7 3 
0 =  − x + 5x2 
2  4 3 
 x4 2 
−  − x3 
= 2  16 7 
 4 3 0 ∫0 y dx = − × 8 + 20  − ( 0 )
 4 3 
 16 2  
−  − × 8  − ( 0 ) 
= = 24 −
56
 4 3   3
 16  =531
=−4 − 
 3 5  625 7 
4 ∫ y dx = − ×125 + 125  − ( 5 13 )
= or 1 13
2
 4 3 
3 = −15 4
3

So area = 5 13 + 15 43
= 21 121

2 a x(x + 3)(2 − x) = 0
x = 0, x = −3 or x = 2
A(−3, 0), B(2, 0)

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 2 0
2 b ∫ x( x + 3)(2 − x) dx − ∫ x( x + 3)(2 − x) dx − x 2 + 7 x − 10
0 −3
3 2
2 3 b x + 3 − x + 4 x + 11x − 30
= ∫0
(− x3 − x 2 + 6 x) dx
0
− x3 − 3x 2
− ∫ (− x − x + 6 x) dx
3 2
−3 7 x 2 + 11x
2 7 x 2 + 21x
∫
3 2
(− x − x + 6 x) dx
0 −10 x − 30
2
 x 4 x3 6 x 2  −10 x − 30
=−
 4 − 3 + 2 
 0 0
2
 x 4 x3 2 f(x) = (x + 3)(−x2 + 7x − 10)
 4 − 3 + 3x 
=−
 0
c f(x) = (x + 3)(−x + 2)(x − 5)
 2 4 23 2  0 4 03 
=  − − + 3(2)  −  − − + 3(0) 2 
 4 3   4 3  d x = −3, x = 2 or x = 5
 8  (−3, 0), (2, 0) and (5, 0)
=  −4 − + 12 
 3 
=53 1

0
∫ −3
( − x 3 − x 2 + 6 x ) dx
0
 x 4 x3 2
 4 − 3 + 3x 
=−
  −3
 0 4 03 
=−
 − + 3(0) 2 
 4 3 
 (−3) 4 (−3)3 
−− − + 3(−3) 2 
 4 3 
 81 
=−  − + 9 + 27 
 4 
= −15 4
3

Total area = 5 13 + 15 3
4

= 21 121

3 a f(−3) = −(−3)3 + 4(−3)2 + 11(−3) − 30

= 27 + 36 − 33 − 30 = 0

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3 e Total area is: Challenge
5
∫ 2
(− x3 + 4 x 2 + 11x − 30) dx
1 a x(3 − x) = 0
2 x = 0 or x = 3
− ∫ (− x3 + 4 x 2 + 11x − 30) dx
−3

5
∫ 2
(− x3 + 4 x 2 + 11x − 30) dx
5
 x 4 4 x3 11x 2 
 4 + 3 + 2 − 30 x 
=−
 2
 54 4(5)3 11(5) 2 
= − + + − 30(5) 
 4 3 2 
 24 4(2)3 11(2) 2 
−− + + − 30(2) 
 4 3 2  f(x) = 3x − x2
 625 500 275  3
Area = ∫ (3 x − x 2 ) dx
=− + + − 150  0
 4 3 2  3
 3x 2 x3 
 32  =  − 
−  −4 + + 22 − 60  2 3 0
 3  
= 29 4
1  3(3) 2 33   3(0) 2 03 
= − − − 
2  2 3  2 3
∫ −3
(− x3 + 4 x 2 + 11x − 30) dx
= ( 272 − 9 )
2
 x 4 4 x3 11x 2  =4 1

 4 + 3 + 2 − 30 x 
=− 2

  −3
 24 4(2)3 11(2) 2 
=−
 + + − 30(2) 
 4 3 2 
 (−3) 4(−3) 11(−3)
4 3 2

−− + + − 30(−3) 
 4 3 2 

2
∫
−3
(− x 3 + 4 x 2 + 11x − 30) dx

 32 
=  −4 + + 22 − 60 
 3 
 81 108 99 
−− − + + 90 
 4 3 2 
= −114 12
7

Total area = 29 14 + 114 127

= 143 56

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4
Challenge 1 e f(ax) = 3ax − a2x2
3

1 b Area = ∫0
a
(3ax − a 2 x 2 ) dx
3
 3ax 2 a 2 x3  a
=  −
 2 3  0
  3 2 23
3

3a
   a   
a a
=    −   
 2 3 
 
 
 3(0) 0 
2 3
− − 
f(x) = 6x − 2x2  2 3
 27 9 
3 =  − 
Area
= ∫0
(6 x − 2 x 2 ) dx  2a a 
3 9
 6 x 2 2 x3  =
=  − 2a
 2 3  0
3
 2 x3 
= 3 x 2 −
 3  0
 2(3)3   2(0)3 
=  3(3) 2 − −
  3(0) 2
− 
 3   3 
= ( 27 − 18 )
=9

c f(x) = a(3x − x2)

Area = a × area of f(x)
= a × 4 12
9a
=
2

d y = f(x + a) is a translation of y = f(x) by

 −a 
 .
 0 
Therefore, the area of y = f(x + a) is equal
to the area of y = f(x).
The area of y = f(x + a) is 4 12

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