JOHN D.

SOLIVEN Obligations and Contracts

JD-1 Sec. 2

Marriage Contract - A Marriage Certificate is a document that shows social union or

a legal contract between people that creates kinship. Such a union, often formalized
via a wedding ceremony, may also be called matrimony. A general definition of
marriage is that it is a social contract between two individuals that unites their lives
legally, economically and emotionally.

Marriage Certificate:

1. Complete name of the husband

2. Complete name of the wife
3. Date of marriage
4. Place of marriage
5. Complete name and address of the requesting party
6. Number of copies needed
7. Purpose of the certification
Commodatum - is a contract by which one of the parties (bailor) delivers to another
(bailee) something not consumable so that the latter may use it for a certain time and
return it.
Lease Agreement - A lease is a contract outlining the terms under which one party
agrees to rent property owned by another party. It guarantees the lessee, also known
as the tenant, use of an asset and guarantees the lessor, the property owner or landlord,
regular payments for a specified period in exchange.
Gratuitous Deposit - This means that the bailee in deposit receives no compensation
from the bailor. However, there are cases where the contract of deposit is agreed to be
compensated (onerous).
Contract of Employment - an employment contract is an agreement that covers the
working relationship of a company and an employee.1 It allows both parties to clearly
understand their obligations and the terms of employment.
More specifically, an employment contract can include: 

 Salary or wages: Contracts will itemize the salary, wage, or commission that has
been agreed upon.
 Schedule: In some cases, an employment contract will include the days and hours
an employee is expected to work. 
 Duration of employment: An employment contract will specify the length of time
the employee agrees to work for the company. In some cases, this might be an
ongoing period of time. In other cases, it might be an agreement set for a specific
duration. At other times a minimum duration is laid out, with the possibility of
extending that period.
 General responsibilities: Contracts can list the various duties and tasks a worker
will be expected to fulfill while employed.
 Confidentiality: Although you may have to sign a separate non-disclosure
agreement, some contracts include a statement about confidentiality. 
 Communications: If an employee's role involves handling social media, websites,
or email, a contract might state that the company retains ownership and control of
all communications. 
 Benefits: A contract should lay out all promised benefits, including (but not
limited to): health insurance, 401k, vacation time, and any other perks that are
part of the employment.
 Future competition: Sometimes, a contract will include a noncompete
agreement or noncompete clause (NCC). This is an agreement stating that, upon
leaving the company, the employee will not enter into jobs that will put them in
competition with the company. Often, an employee will have to sign a separate
NCC, but it might also be included in the employment contract.
Contract of Agency - a person (agent) binds himself to render some service or to do
something in representation or on behalf of another (principal), with the consent or
authority of the latter.
Contract to Sell - A Contract to Sell refers to an agreement between a seller and a
buyer. The contract shows that the seller promises to sell something to the buyer and
the buyer also promises the seller the buy the property. However, the contract does
not instantly transfer the right to the buyer even when this contract is signed. There
are still conditions that have to be fulfilled by one or both parties before transfer of
ownership can take place. The Deed of Absolute sale will only be executed once the
conditions stated in the Contract to Sell have been met. 

Partnership - By the contract of partnership two or more persons bind themselves to

contribute money, property, or industry to a common fund, with the intention of
dividing the profits among themselves (Article 1767, NCC).
Contract of Loan - Loan contracts are written agreements between financial lenders
and borrowers. Both parties sign the loan contract in writing in case one of the parties
breaches the contract. This agreement states that the borrower will repay the loan and
that the lender will give the borrower money. 

Chattel Mortgage - is a conditional sale of personal property as security for the

payment of a debt, or the performance of some other obligation specified therein, the
condition being that the sale shall be void upon the seller paying to the purchaser a
sum of money or doing some other act named. If the condition is performed according
to its terms the mortgage and sale immediately become void, and the mortgagee is
thereby divested of his title (ACT NO. 1508, Section 3).

Guaranty - By guaranty, a person, called the guarantor, binds himself to the

creditor to fulfill the obligation of the principal debtor in case the latter should fail
to do so.
Insurance An insurance - contract is a document representing the agreement
between an insurance company and the insured. Central to any insurance contract is
the insuring agreement, which specifies the risks that are covered, the limits of the
policy, and the term of the policy.

Donation - Donation is an act of liberality whereby a person disposes gratuitously of

a thing or right in favor of another, who accepts it ( Article 725, NCC).
Lease of Service - it legally binds two or more parties often referred to as the landlord
and tenant. The lease contract contains rental agreement, which specifies the tenant's
right to live and the landlord's right to retain ownership. The contract protects both
parties.

Donation of Realty - in order that a gift of a real property may be valid it shall be
made in a public instrument, stating therein in detail the property bestowed as a gift
and the amount of the charges, which the donee must satisfy.