RF

RF Communication
V1.2 - Nov 01, 2006

English Version
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RF Communication
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provided by SUNPLUS TECHNOLOGY CO. is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, SUNPLUS
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parties which may result from its use. In addition, SUNPLUS products are not authorized for use as critical
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reasonably be expected to result in significant injury to the user, without the express written approval of Sunplus.
© Sunplus Technology Co., Ltd. PAGE 1 V1.2 - Nov 01, 2006

RF Communication
Revision History
Translated Page
Revision Date Remark
By Number(s)
V1.2 2006/11/01 Wang Liping Proofreading

Translate ‘RF Communication V1.1, Chinese
V1.1 2006/03/07 Zhu Meng
version’

RF Communication
Table of Content
PAGE
1 System Design Summary .................................................................................................................. 5
1.1 System Design Description ........................................................................................................... 5

1.2 System Diagram ............................................................................................................................ 5
1.3 MCU Resource .............................................................................................................................. 5
2 RF System Principle........................................................................................................................... 7
2.1 Function......................................................................................................................................... 7
2.2 Principle......................................................................................................................................... 7
2.3 Communication Protocol ............................................................................................................... 8
3 Software Description........................................................................................................................ 10
3.1 Source File .................................................................................................................................. 10

3.2 Subroutines ................................................................................................................................. 10
3.3 Variables ...................................................................................................................................... 13
4 Flow Chart ......................................................................................................................................... 19
4.1 F_Main......................................................................................................................................... 19
4.2 Initialization in Main ..................................................................................................................... 20
4.3 F_Key .......................................................................................................................................... 20
4.4 F_Light......................................................................................................................................... 21
4.5 F_Send_Init ................................................................................................................................. 21
4.6 F_Lock ......................................................................................................................................... 22
4.7 F_Send_Data_Head.................................................................................................................... 23
4.8 F_Send_Data_Start ..................................................................................................................... 24
4.9 Interrupt Service Routine............................................................................................................. 25
4.10 F_Send ...................................................................................................................................... 26
4.11 Byte Transmission ..................................................................................................................... 27
4.12 F_Receive_Init........................................................................................................................... 28
4.13 F_Receive ................................................................................................................................. 29
4.14 F_DataCorrect ........................................................................................................................... 30
5 SPRF2716B Introduction ................................................................................................................. 31
5.1 General Description..................................................................................................................... 31

5.2 Module Pin Description................................................................................................................ 32
5.3 Application Circuit ........................................................................................................................ 33
5.4 Function and Application ............................................................................................................. 33
5.5 How to Reduce EMI and Improve Sensitivity .............................................................................. 36

RF Communication
5.6 DEMO Board Schematic ............................................................................................................. 37

5.7 Interface for the Speech Channel................................................................................................ 37

RF Communication
1 System Design Summary
1.1 System Design Description
This document is intended to guide you how to communicate with RF (Radio Frequency)
device via GPIO on SUNPLUS SPMC65x series. Here, we take SPMC65P2404A*28P as
an example for demonstration purpose.
1.2 System Diagram
4 RF Module
1
SPMC65P2404A Key Scan
*28p
7
LED Showing
2 16MHz
Figure 1-1 System Diagram
1.3 MCU Resource
MCU Resource Occupation Memo
Data transmission 6 bytes

Data receiving 8 bytes
RAM
key-press processing 3 bytes
LED display 1 byte
Main program 54 bytes
Initialization 49 bytes
Interrupt vectors 53 bytes
ROM Data transmission 489 bytes
Data receiving 295 bytes
Key-press processing 64 bytes
LED display 55 bytes
Hardware on Data
receiving/transmission/key
scanning/LED display

RF Communication
MCU Resource Occupation Memo
Timer base 1.024ms time base for main loop

Timer3 Set a 470us timer
Capture3 interrupt Data receiving
Key press input and LED
PORTA
display driving
I/O PORT PORTB Data receiving/transmission Only PB2~PB5

PORTC Not used
PORTD Not used

RF Communication
2 RF System Principle
2.1 Function
This application is using the SPMC65P2404A*28P as the primary controller to connect

with an external RF module - SPRF2716B to perform wireless communication.
2.2 Principle
As shown in Figure 2-1, the RF module is an integrated system for semiduplex

transmission and receiving.
When no key is pressed, the system runs in the receiving mode, and it intends to receive
signals with recognizable communication format. Once a matched signal is received, it
will be shown via the LED. When a key is pressed, the system will switch to the
transmission mode immediately and then transmit the key value (0~F) with the defined
format.
PortA is assigned to connect a key and a 7-segment LED. PB2~PB5 are connected to
the lines of T/R, PAEN, Data in, and Data out respectively in RF module. The logic high
voltage to the RF module is 3V, so a voltage conversion is required between RF module
and SPMC652 when interfacing with IO ports. PB2, PB3 and PB4 are configured as the
output control lines, therefore, they are respectively connected to the RF module through a
2K and a 3K resistor to divide the voltage. PB5 is configured as the input line, which is
connected to Data Out line in RF module via two transistors for voltage conversion.
Since CHS0, CHS1, CHS2 are tied to VSS directly, according to initial setting, the channel
0 is used to transmit/receive data in RF module.
The 7-segment LED is initialized to show ‘0’ and it will increase 1 as soon as a key-press
occurs. Momentarily, the display value is transmitted to a receiving system.

RF Communication
ANT1
ANTENNA
SPMC65P2404A*28P XI XO
1 28 VDD SPRF2716
a dp 2 PA7 VDD 27 VSS 20p 16MHz 20p
VSS
ANT
g 3 PA6 VSS 26 XI DataIn VSS
f g b f PA5 XI 25 Data In
4 XO
e 5 PA4 XO 24 RESET VSS CHS0
e c PA3 RESET 23
d . d 6 CHS1 L1
c 7 PA2 PD0 22 PEAN CHS2 3.3uh VDD
b PA1 PD1 21 PAEN RF1 +5V
com
8 VSS
a 9 PA0 PD2 20 T/R PD
10 PB7 PC0 19 DataOut T/R VSS
PB5 11 PB6 PC1 18 VCC Data Out
PB4 12 PB5 PC2 17 VCC
PB3 13 PB4 PC3 16 VSS SPEAKER
PB2 14 PB3 PB0 15 VSS
PB2 PB1
+5V
+5V
PB2 PB3 PB4
4.7K
5.1K RESET
2K 2K 2K
5.1K PB5
510 T/R PEAN DataIn
104
510 8050
DataOut 3K 3K 3K
8050
Figure 2-1 RF Schematic
2.3 Communication Protocol
The communication protocol is designed for discrete multiple devices communication, that
is, it takes master and slave in the system to be equal. In general, if no key is pressed,
the hardware system is under the receiving mode. When a key-press occurs, a frame of
data can be transmitted. The data format is shown as Figure 2-2.
Preamble Start bit ID number Data1，2，3，4
80ms 3.76ms
1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
550us 3.29＋0.47ms
Figure 2-2 Communication Protocol Format
A full frame of data includes: preamble, start bit, ID number, and data1, 2, 3, and 4.
In this application, the ID number is $AA; data1 is the key value; data2, the
base-minus-one’s complement of data1; data3, the base-minus-one’s complement of
data2; data4, the base-minus-one’s complement of data3. That is, data1 and data3
present the key value; data2 and data4 are the base-minus-one’s complement of the key
value. Encoding by this format ensures that any two data errors can be checked and the
true value is still remained. Figure 2-3 shows the coding format.

RF Communication
Bit ‘1’ Bit ‘0’

470us 470us
470x3us 470us
Figure 2-3 Coding Format for ‘0’ and ‘1’
For this coding format, the logic ‘1’ and the logic ‘0’ are read by periodic calculation. By
this means, the code can obtain a higher capability of anti-jamming, but it adds the
complexity of data decoding. In the program, the period calculation is performed by the
capture function.
Configuring the system by the parameters as mentioned above, it implements transmission

and receiving rather well. Any modifications to the default parameters may degrade the
system performance.

RF Communication
3 Software Description
3.1 Source File
File Name Function Type
main.asm Main process Source file (Sample)

Transmit data, Receive data
RF.asm Source file (User)
Key scan, LED display
SPMC65P2404A.inc SPMC65X symbol definition Head file
3.2 Subroutines
V_Reset
Content Memo
Input None
Output None
The initial address that PC points to after
Description
Power-On-Reset
Caller main.asm
F_Main
Content Memo
Input None
Output None
Delay time for 4ms, and then perform the key scan, key
Description processing, key value display and data
transmission/receiving.
Caller Main.asm
V_INT
Content Memo
Input None
Output GB_T1_OverFlow

RF Communication
Content Memo
Receive mode: Measure the period

Description
Transmission mode: 470us timer
Caller Main.asm
F_RF_Init
Content Memo
Input None
Output None
Description Clear variables; Configure IO ports and 4ms interrupt.
Caller RF.asm
F_Key
Content Memo
Input None
Output GB_KeyDownFlag, IB_ShowBuf
Description Key scan
Caller RF.asm
F_Light
Content Memo
Input IB_ShowBuf, GB_Receive_Flag, G_RF_data

Output None
Description Display key value or the received data
Caller RF.asm
F_Send_Init
Content Memo
Input None
Output GB_Send_Flag
Description Initialization for the data transmission
Caller RF.asm

RF Communication
F_Lock
Content Memo
Input GB_Send_Flag
Output GB_Send_Flag
Description Lock-up time before transmission About 80ms
Caller RF.asm
F_Send_Data_Head
Content Memo
Input GB_Send_Flag
Output GB_Send_Flag
Description Transmit the preamble, start timer3 for 470us timing
Caller RF.asm
F_Send_Data_Start
Content Memo
Input GB_Send_Flag
Output GB_Send_Flag
Description Transmit start bit
Caller RF.asm
F_Send_Data
Content Memo
Input GB_Send_Flag, GB_DataBuf

Output GB_Send_Flag
Description Transmit the ID numbers and data in four consecutive
bytes, the initial address of which is GB_DataBuf.
Caller RF.asm
F_Send
Content Memo
Input GB_DataBuf, GB_Sending_Flag

Output GB_Sending_Flag

RF Communication
Content Memo
Description Transmit data in GB_DataBuf buffer

Caller RF.asm
F_Receive_Init
Content Memo
Input GB_Send_Flag, GB_Receive_Flag

Output GB_Receive_Flag
Description Initialization for the data receiving.
Caller RF.asm
F_Receive
Content Memo
Input GB_Send_Flag, GB_Receive_Flag

Output GB_Receive_Flag, G_RF_data
Description Data receiving
Caller RF.asm
F_DataCorrect
Content Memo
Input G_RF_data
Output G_RF_data
Description Check and correct the data in 4-byte variable G_RF_data.
Caller RF.asm
3.3 Variables
GB_KeyDownFlag
Content Memo
Key press flag:

Description 0 – the key is not pressed
1 – the key is pressed
Size 1 byte

RF Communication
Content Memo
Default 0
Symbol None
Value 0~1
IB_KeyupFlag
Content Memo
Key up flag:
Description 0 – the key is released
1 – the key is not released after being pressed
Size 1 byte
Default 0
Symbol None
Value 0~1
IB_CmpTimers
Content Memo
Times for key values that are consecutive equal, which is

Description
referenced to be de-bouncing.
Size 1 byte
Default 0
Symbol CB_CmpTimers (constant = 6)
Value 0~6
IB_ShowBuf
Content Memo
Description Buffer for the to-be-showed data, the lower four bits are
significant.
Size 1 byte
Default 0
Symbol None
Value $00~$FF
GB_Lock_Num

RF Communication
Content Memo
Description 40ms timing for lock-up time

Size 1 byte
Default 0
Symbol None
Value 0~10
GB_Sending_Flag
Content Memo
Data transmission control (ID number, data1~data4, 40

bits totally)
bit3–1: 40 bits are transmitted over
0: 40 bits are being transmitted
bit2–1: 8 bits are transmitted over
Bit 3~bit0 are
Description
0: 8 bits are being transmitted significant
bit1–1: The transmitted bit is 1
0: The transmitted bit is 0
bit0–1: The bit 1 is being transmitted
0: The bit 1 has been transmitted
Size 1 byte
Default 0
Symbol None
Value $0~$F
GB_Send_Flag
Content Memo
Data transmission control variable

bit7-1: Enable transmission
0: Disable transmission
bit6-1: Enable to transmit data4
0: Disable to transmit data4
Description

RF Communication
Content Memo

bit2-1: Enable to transmit ID number
0: Disable to transmit ID number
bit1-1: Enable to transmit start bit
0: Disable the transmit start bit
bit0-1: Enable to transmit preamble
0: Disable to transmit preamble
When GB_Send_Flag= #1000,0000B, enable lock-up time
Size 1 byte
Default 0
Symbol None
Value $00~$FF
IB_Bit_number
Content Memo
Description Number of transmitted bits (8-bit for one byte)

Size 1 byte
Default 0
Symbol None
Value 0~8
GB_DataBuf
Content Memo
Description Data transmission buffer

Size 1 byte
Default 0
Symbol None
Value $00~$FF
IB_470us_Count
Content Memo
Set a 470us timer (start bit, ID number, the time base for
Description
transmission data1-data4)
Size 1 byte

RF Communication
Content Memo
Default 0
Symbol None
Value 0~7
GB_Receive_Flag
Content Memo
Data receiving
Bit4-1: Receiving is over
0: Receiving is not over
Bit3-1: Enable to receive ID number and data1-data4
0: Disable to receive ID number and data1-data4
Bit4~bit0 are
Description Bit2-1: Enable to receive start bit
significant
0: Disable to receive start bit
Bit1-1: Enable to receive initialization
0: Disable to receive initialization
Bit0-1: Enable receiving
0: Disable receiving
Size 1 byte
Default 0
Symbol None
Value $0~$1f
G_RF_Time
Content Memo
Description Captured value

Size 1 byte
Default Random
Symbol None
Value $00~$FF
G_RF_data
Content Memo
Variable for storing the received data

Description
G_RF_data: Store data4

RF Communication
Content Memo
G_RF_data+1: Store data3

G_RF_data+4: Store ID number
Size 5 bytes
Default Random
Symbol None
Value $00~$FF
G_RF_Number
Content Memo
Number of bits received (ID number, data1-data4, 40 bits

Description
totally)
Size 1 byte
Default 0
Symbol C_RF_Number
Value 0~40

RF Communication
4 Flow Chart
4.1 F_Main
Start
Initialization (F_RF_Init)
N
Is 4ms expired？
Scan key (F_Key)
LED showing (F_Light)
Lock delay(F_Lock)
Transmit the preamble

(F_Send_Data_Head)
Data receive initialization

(F_Receive_Init)
N
Key-press？
Set key-press flag to 0
Data transmit initialization

(F_Send_Init)
Figure 4-1 F_Main

RF Communication
4.2 Initialization in Main
F_RF_Init
Set 1ms time base
IO port initialization
Variables initialization
Return
Figure 4-2 Initialization in Main
4.3 F_Key
(F_Key)
N Y
Key up flag = 0？
N N
PA7=1? PA7=0?
Y Y
Equal time increase 1 Equal time increase 1
(IB_CmpTimers+1) (IB_CmpTimers+1)
N N
IB_CmpTimers=6? IB_CmpTimers=6?
Y Y
key value increase 1,set
Key is released, set
GB_KeyDownFlag=1and
IB_KeyupFlag=0
IB_KeyupFlag=1
clear equal time

(IB_CmpTimers=0)
Return
Figure 4-3 F_Key

RF Communication
4.4 F_Light
F_Light
N
Received new data?
Read new data

（G_RF_data+1）
Obtain the display code by

table-looking-up and send it
to PA0-PA6 for display
Return
Figure 4-4 F_Light
4.5 F_Send_Init
F_Send_Init
Disable receive by clearing

GB_Receive_Flag
Enable transmit and lock-up time

by setting GB_Send_Flag
Disable the capture interrupt
Configure Timer3 as timer mode
Return
Figure 4-5 F_Send_Init

RF Communication
4.6 F_Lock
F_Lock
Enable N
transmitting？
Y
Enable lock-up N
time？
Y
Pull up PEAN and T/R, pull

down Datain
Cycle time increase 1

（GB_Lock_Num +1）
N
Cycle time＝10？
Clear cycle time

(GB_Lock_Num = 0)
Disable lock delay and enable

transmit preamble
（GB_Send_Flag）
Return
Figure 4-6 F_Lock

RF Communication
4.7 F_Send_Data_Head
F_Send_Data_Head
N
Enable transmitting？
N
Enable transmit preamble?
Transmit preamble
Delay 470us by timer

pull up Datain
Disable transmit preamble

and enable transmit start bit
（GB_Send_Flag）
Return
Figure 4-7 F_Send_Data_Head

RF Communication
4.8 F_Send_Data_Start
F_Send_Data_Start
N
Transmit start bit？
Y
470us counter＝7?
Clear 470us counter 470us counter+1
Disable transmit preamble N

and enable transmit ID 470us counter＝7？
number
(GB_Send_Flag) Y
Pull down Datain
Return
Figure 4-8 F_Send_Data_Start

RF Communication
4.9 Interrupt Service Routine
V_INT
N
Capture int？
Receive data(F_Receive)
clear the capture int flag
N
Timer3 int？
N
Transmit？
Transmit start bit

(F_Send_Data_Start)
Transmit data
(F_Send_Data)
Clear timer3 int flag
Return
Figure 4-9 ISR Flow

RF Communication
4.10 F_Send
F_Send_Data
Y
Transmit ID number？
Y Transmit ID number,then
Transmit data1？ transmit data1(F_Send)
Transmit data1,then Y
Transmit data2？
transmit data2(F_Send)
N
Y Transmit data2,then
Transmit data3？ transmit data3(F_Send)
N
Transmit data3,then Transmit data4？
transmit data4(F_Send)
Y
Is transmit Y
data over？
N
Transmit data4 Clear send flag to

(F_Send) disable transmitting
and Timer1 interrupt
Set GB_Sending_Flag to
stop transmitting
Return
Figure 4-10 F_Send

RF Communication
4.11 Byte Transmission
F_Send
Get the bit0 in ready data
N
Bit = 0 ?
Y
Transmit ‘0’ Transmit ‘1’
Did 8Bits are N

transmitted over？
Y
Set GB_Sending_Flag
F_Send
Figure 4-11 Byte Transmission

RF Communication
4.12 F_Receive_Init
F_Receive_Init
Y
Transmit mode?
N
Y
Receive mode?
Disable capture int
N
Enable receive and

initialization
(GB_Receive_Flag)
N
Receive initializatiom？
Set capture int,count by timer3
Disable receive initialization, enable

receive start bit
Return
Figure 4-12 F_Receive_Init

RF Communication
4.13 F_Receive
F_Receive
Y
Transmit mode？
N
N
Receive mode？
Y
Clear receive flag
Disable capture int Calculate captured value
Y
Receive start bit？
N
Receive ID number？ N
Received start bit？
Y
Y
Judge the receiving data is ‘0’or
‘1’by captured value Disable receive start bit
Enable receive ID number
load the received data to 5- Receive error

byte data buffer receive again
Y
Received bits ＝8？
Y The received 5 byte data is N

data = ID number？ received over？
N Y
Receive error Correct the received data

receive again
Set flag for receiving new data,

enable the next receiving
Return
Figure 4-13 F_Receive

RF Communication
4.14 F_DataCorrect
F_DataCorrect
Y
data1＝data3?
Complement data2, Y
data2＝data4?
load it to data1
N
Y
data1＋data2＝$FF?
Y
Y
Load data3 to data1 data3＋data2＝$FF?
N
N
Z=0, correct Z＝1，error
Return
Figure 4-14 F_DataCorrect

RF Communication
5 SPRF2716B Introduction
SPRF2716B, a powerful RF IC developed by Sunplus, is a designated design for wireless

communication. With the simple and extensible interface, it is easy for you to develop
and debug a new product without expensive equipment and deep learning about RF theory.
The SPRF2716A is applied to many fields including Access Control System, toy remote
control car, information home appliance, wireless mouse/keyboard, etc.
5.1 General Description
Channel frequency configuration table. Crystal = 10.240MHz
(1) A single chip transceiver RF IC, offers a 27MHz FM/FSK half-duplex transceiver
(2) Data rate: 5Kbps
(3) 8 channels selections
(4) 10mW RF output.
(5) -100dBm system sensitivity
CHS2 CHS1 CHS0 Tx Freq Rx Freq
CH0 0 0 0 27.195MHz 26.740MHz

CH1 0 0 1 27.145MHz 26.690MHz
CH2 0 1 0 27.095MHz 26.640MHz
CH3 0 1 1 27.045MHz 26.590MHz
CH4 1 0 0 27.245MHz 26.790MHz
CH5 1 0 1 27.185MHz 26.730MHz
CH6 1 1 0 27.035MHz 26.580MHz
CH7 1 1 1 26.985MHz 26.530MHz
(6) Audio frequency transceiver
(7) When communicating in 27MHz, the match between the antenna type and the distance
is shown below:
Antenna Size RF Power Distance Application
Telescopic 1m 0.5mW 50m RC Car, Walkie-talkie

1m 10mW 200m RC Car, Walkie-talkie
Whip 30m 0.5mW 20m RC Car, Walkie-talkie
30m 10mW 80m RC Car, Walkie-talkie
Loop R = 3cm 0.5mW 1.5m Wireless Mouse/Keyboard
R = 3cm 10 mW 2.5m Wireless Mouse/Keyboard

RF Communication
5.2 Module Pin Description
Data In
PAEN
CHS0
CHS1
CHS2
GND
RV
PD
Figure 5-1 SPRF2716 Module
Description of pins of SPRF2716 module
Pin Type Function Description Typical Value
VDD - Power supply 5.0V

GND -
Data Out O Data receiving, output resistance < 10k Digital output
Communication control, with a 100k
pull-down resistor internally.
T/R I 3.0V or VSS
‘H’ = Transmission mode; ‘L’ or ‘floating’ =
Receiving mode
Power down, with a 100k pull-up resistor
PD I internally. ‘H’ = Chip Power Down; ‘L’ or 3.0V or VSS
‘floating’ = Chip Enabled
RF power amplifier enable/disabled,
PAEN I internally 100k pull-low. ‘H’ = Enable; ‘L’ = 3.0V or VSS
Disable
Channel selection; please refer to the
CHS2 I channel configuration table. Input with high 3.0V or VSS
resistance.

RF Communication
Pin Type Function Description Typical Value
Open is forbidden
CHS1 I CHS2. (Ditto) 3.0V or VSS
CHS0 I CHS2. (Ditto) 3.0V or VSS
Data In I Modulation input. Input resistance > 30k, Digital input
SPEAKER O 16Ohm speaker input 16Ohm
ANT - Antenna 50Ohm load
5.3 Application Circuit
ANTENNA ANTENNA
3.3uH 3.3uH
ANT
ANT
GND
GND
GND GND
Data In Data In
CHS0 CHS0
Microcontroller CHS1 CHS1 Microcontroller
CHS2 CHS2
PAEN PAEN
PD
T/R
A B PD
T/R
Data Out Data Out
VDD VDD
SPEAKER SPEAKER
GND GND 3V
3V
27MHz RF Module 27MHz RF Module
Figure 5-2 Application Circuit
5.4 Function and Application
1. Control timing
Figure A is transmitting control timing; Figure B is receiving control timing.

RF Communication
T/R
PAEN
Data in
PLL Lock-up
time
B
T/R
PAEN
Data out
Random noise
The data transmission and receiving should be performed in one channel. Connect
PAEN and T/R to make the amplifier work immediately when the transmission or receiving
is enabled. PLL lock-up time depends on bandwidth of loop filter.
2. Transmission protocol
For higher dependability, the RF data are always transmitted as frame or packet.
Preamble is commonly coded as ‘10101010’ for the purpose of leading the data slicer
in the receiving end to a stable state.
Sync: The start point of data.
CRC: Error check. Simply, DataContent can be checked by the Check Sum.
Do not code the content with a serial ‘1’ or a serial ‘0’ to avoid leading the data slicer to
an unstable state and disturbing data decoding.
You can design any format to encode the data in SPRF2716, the following two formats are
recommended:
(1) Manchester Coding
Start Bit Bit“0” Bit“1”
600us 200us 200us 200us 200us 200us
‘Start Bit’ is a start sign for a group of data. The format of logic ‘0’ and ‘1’ are shown as
above. Manchester Coding format is shown below.

RF Communication
Preamble Start bit ID NO. Data1 Data2 Data3 Data4 Preamble Start bit
20us 20us 800us
0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1
Transmit a preamble to enable the T/R control and to start the data frame. The ID
number is the user-defined address for its receiving device which is usually adopted in the
multi-device broadcast communication. The slave will detect each ID number
broadcasted by master. If the ID number that slave receives is matched, the slave will set
up connection with the master at once, or else it will give up the message and receive the
next one. Data2 may be the complementary of data1; data4 may be the complementary
of data3 or the check sum of data1 and data2.
Data receiving technique for Manchester Coding:
It is critical to check the start bit to filter the disturbance of random noise when receiving
data via wireless.
After the start bit, the first transmitting data is ‘0’
After the start bit, the first transmitting data is ‘1’
Figure 5-3 Baud Rate Configuration After Start Bit
Note: Because of latency effect, it is necessary to reserve some time for T/R switching.
(2) Period encoding format
Bit 1 Bit 0
200us 200us
600us 200us
On the merit of this coding format that ‘1’ and ‘0’ are differentiated by the length of period,
the data is provided with a higher anti-jamming capability, but accordingly the complexity of
decoding increases. The preamble and the start bit follow the Manchester Coding format.

RF Communication
27M frequency features:
11 metres wavelength. To achieve the best efficiency of radiating and receiving, the
wavelength should be 1/4 wavelength according to the theoretic value for the antenna
size, that is, 2.7 metres. It is impossible, however, to fix such an unwieldy antenna in
a product, even if the shorter the antenna is, the worse the connection quality will be.
In the metal circumstances the electrical signal will fade, e.g. Putting a 27MHz wireless
mouse on a metal table will reduce its communication range to 50cm.
Easy to be interfered by other appliances, such as: compressor, TV set, computer,

motor.
Low baud rate, unsuitable for high speed data transmission.
Outdoor application: remote control car, interphone, etc.
Indoor application: wireless mouse/keyboard, interactive toys, etc.
5.5 How to Reduce EMI and Improve Sensitivity
The interference coming from other electrical appliances up to 27MHz frequency will
reduce the receiving sensitivity and shorten the connection distance. Techniques
recommended below enable you to avoid interference to some degree.
Avoid setting CPU Clock frequence to be in the frequency range of receiving
Filter the noise generated by power supply via LC/RC Pi-filter
Shorten the I/O route in the layout board
Place all digital parts away from RF device
Use high quality IF-filter to minimize the interference generated by a neighbour channel

RF Communication
5.6 DEMO Board Schematic

VDD
SPY0029 U3
1 3
IN OUT
C31 C32
GND
+ +
J1 47u 47u
VCC
2
1 Data_Out 10.24M
2 T/R R2 15K X1
3 PD R3 47K
4 PAEN C3 C4 C5 C6
5 CHS2 L1 C8
J2
6 CHS1 R5 10K VDD EXT R4 R1 220n 104 22p 30p
7 CHS0 1 0
8 Data_In C9 102 C10 2 15K
9 3 MIC 1 uH 15p 22n C7
10 RV 104 CON3
11 VCC
C11 47u
CON11 PD T/R MIC1
+ PAEN RV
CHS2 Data_Out MICROPHONE
R7 10 CHS1
48
47
46
45
44
43
42
41
40
39
38
37
CHS0 U2
1
VSS
XO
CPPO
PAEN
OSC1
OSC2
PD
XI
RV
VCT
VDD
CHS2
T/R
2
C14 L2 C16 3 CHS1 R6 3K
1
2
1u 4 CHS0 36
104 5 MICO NC 35
6 MODI NC 34 C12 C13 104
J3 L3 470n C18 10uH 7 VDDH DO 33 104
8 VCC MICEN 32
1 9 PA MICI 31 C17
2 82p C20 10 VEE VREF 30
C21 C22 11 LNAI SPRF2716B CF 29 C19
CON2 5p 12 NC DEMO 28 102
NC OPI
3
200p 100p 27
AVDD3
AVDD2
AVSS3
OPO
SPKO
26 1u R8
RSSI
MXO
LMTI
IF1O
AVSS2
IF1I
25 C23 R9 10K C24
NC
NC
CP
QUAD 2 5K
J4
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
Antenna Port 470p 1u
1 VCC
1
R10 10
2
L4
R12
F1 455K F2 455K C27 C28 47K TOKO 8128
1 3 1 3 +
1 3 1 3
2
104
47u
2
R11 C25 C26
30K 104 104

J5 C30 47u
VCC
1
+
CON2
Figure 5-4 SPRF2716 Application Circuit Schematic
5.7 Interface for the Speech Channel
ANTENNA
3.3uH
ANT
GND
GND
Data In 3V DC
CHS0
CHS1
CHS2
PAEN
PD
T/R
Data Out Push to Talk
VDD
SPEAKER
GND
Loudspaeaker
27MHz RF Module
Please press the transmission key before you speak; once you release the key, the system
will enter the receiving mode. It is recommended to drive a 16Ohm speaker.

RF

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RF Communication

V1.2 - Nov 01, 2006

Tel: 886-3-578-6005 Fax: 886-3-578-4418 E-mail: mcu@sunplus.com

© Sunplus Technology Co., Ltd. PAGE 1 V1.2 - Nov 01, 2006

V1.2 2006/11/01 Wang Liping Proofreading

© Sunplus Technology Co., Ltd. PAGE 2 V1.2 - Nov 01, 2006

1 System Design Summary .................................................................................................................. 5

1.1 System Design Description ........................................................................................................... 5

3.1 Source File .................................................................................................................................. 10

4 Flow Chart ......................................................................................................................................... 19

5 SPRF2716B Introduction ................................................................................................................. 31

5.1 General Description..................................................................................................................... 31

© Sunplus Technology Co., Ltd. PAGE 3 V1.2 - Nov 01, 2006

5.6 DEMO Board Schematic ............................................................................................................. 37

© Sunplus Technology Co., Ltd. PAGE 4 V1.2 - Nov 01, 2006

1 System Design Summary

1.1 System Design Description

1.2 System Diagram

Figure 1-1 System Diagram

1.3 MCU Resource

MCU Resource Occupation Memo

Data transmission 6 bytes

© Sunplus Technology Co., Ltd. PAGE 5 V1.2 - Nov 01, 2006

MCU Resource Occupation Memo

Timer base 1.024ms time base for main loop

I/O PORT PORTB Data receiving/transmission Only PB2~PB5

© Sunplus Technology Co., Ltd. PAGE 6 V1.2 - Nov 01, 2006

This application is using the SPMC65P2404A*28P as the primary controller to connect

As shown in Figure 2-1, the RF module is an integrated system for semiduplex

© Sunplus Technology Co., Ltd. PAGE 7 V1.2 - Nov 01, 2006

Figure 2-1 RF Schematic

2.3 Communication Protocol

Preamble Start bit ID number Data1，2，3，4

Figure 2-2 Communication Protocol Format

© Sunplus Technology Co., Ltd. PAGE 8 V1.2 - Nov 01, 2006

Bit ‘1’ Bit ‘0’

Figure 2-3 Coding Format for ‘0’ and ‘1’

Configuring the system by the parameters as mentioned above, it implements transmission

© Sunplus Technology Co., Ltd. PAGE 9 V1.2 - Nov 01, 2006

3.1 Source File

File Name Function Type

main.asm Main process Source file (Sample)

© Sunplus Technology Co., Ltd. PAGE 10 V1.2 - Nov 01, 2006

Receive mode: Measure the period

Input IB_ShowBuf, GB_Receive_Flag, G_RF_data

© Sunplus Technology Co., Ltd. PAGE 11 V1.2 - Nov 01, 2006

Input GB_Send_Flag, GB_DataBuf

Input GB_DataBuf, GB_Sending_Flag

© Sunplus Technology Co., Ltd. PAGE 12 V1.2 - Nov 01, 2006

Description Transmit data in GB_DataBuf buffer

Input GB_Send_Flag, GB_Receive_Flag

Input GB_Send_Flag, GB_Receive_Flag

Key press flag:

© Sunplus Technology Co., Ltd. PAGE 13 V1.2 - Nov 01, 2006

Times for key values that are consecutive equal, which is

© Sunplus Technology Co., Ltd. PAGE 14 V1.2 - Nov 01, 2006

Description 40ms timing for lock-up time

Data transmission control (ID number, data1~data4, 40

Data transmission control variable

© Sunplus Technology Co., Ltd. PAGE 15 V1.2 - Nov 01, 2006

0: Disable to transmit data1

Description Number of transmitted bits (8-bit for one byte)

Description Data transmission buffer