Chem 1220

Assignment 2
Acid / Base Equilibria and Solubility

1. [3 points]

Calculate the pH of the following solutions

Use the assumption technique first, then solve using the quadratic if
necessary.

a. 0.1 M solution of a weak acid HA with Ka = 1 x 10 -5

x = sqrt (K × initial conc.)

x = sqrt (1 x 10-5 × 0.1)

x = 0.001 = [H3O+]

+
pH = -log [H3O ] = -log [0.001]

pH = 3

b. 0.01 M solution of a weak acid HX with Ka = 0.01

x = sqrt (K × initial conc.)

x = sqrt (0.01 × 0.01)

x = 0.01 = [H3O+]

+
pH = -log [H3O ]= -log [0.01]

pH = 2

2. [1 points]

Do the following problems from chapter 16 in BLB text 51 58, 62, 71, 75,
79. chapter 17 problems 15, and 19
16.51: Ka=1.4 × 10−4

16.58: [H3O+]= 7.45 × 10-3 M, [ClO2-]= 7.47 × 10-3 M, [HClO2]= 5.03 ×10-3 M 

16.62: pH= 2.53

16.71: From the quadratic formula, [OH-]= 6.6 × 10−3 M, pH=11.82

16.75:

a. C6H5OH(aq) + H2O(l) ⇌ H3O+(aq) + C6H5O−(aq)

b. Kb= 7.7 × 10−5

c. Phenol is a stronger acid than water

16.79:

a. [OH−] = 6.3 ×10−4 M, pH=10.80

b. [OH−] = 9.2 ×10−5 M, pH=9.96

c. [OH−] = 3.3 ×10−6 M, pH=8.52

17.15:

a. [H+] = 1.8 ×10−5 M, pH=4.73

b. [OH−] = 4.8 ×10−5 M, pH=9.68

c. [H+] = 1.4 ×10−5 M, pH=4.87

17.19: a. 0.10 M CH3COOH and 0.10 M CH3COONa

3. [8 points]

100.0 ml of 0.100 M acetic acid is placed in a flask and is titrated with 0.100
M sodium hydroxide. An appropriate indicator is used. Ka for acetic acid is
1.7 x 10 -5

Calculate the pH in the flask at the following points in the titration.

 a. when no NaOH has been added.

 pH=2.89

b. after 25.0 ml of NaOH is added

 pH=4.29

c. after 50.0 ml of NaOH is added

 pH=4.77

d. after 75.0 ml of NaOH is added

 pH=5.22

e. after 100.0 ml of NaOH is added

 pH=8.3

f. what would be the appropriate indicator that was used? consult fig 16.7
in BLB and explain your choice.

Phenolphthalein would be the appropriate indicator that was used here

because our equivalence point of a pH: 8.3 lies nicely between the
range it holds (8-10). Phenolphthalein is nearly colorless at the very
beginning but indicates perfectly that a base has neutralized all the
acid when it turns pink right about a pH of 8.

g. What would the pH be after 300 ml of 0.100 M NaOH was added?

 pH=12.7

h. How could the equivalence point be detected without the use of a

visual indicator?

 By using the molar and volume quantities of the acid and base to
calculate it. At the equivalence point, the number of moles of the
acid will be equal to the number of moles of the base.

4. [3 points]
Calcium fluoride Ca F 2 is an insoluble salt. The Ksp is 3.4 x 10 -11. Calculate
the molar solubility of calcium fluoride.

CaF₂(s) ⇄ Ca²⁺(aq) + 2 F⁻(aq)

Ksp = [Ca²⁺][F⁻]²

[Ca²⁺] = x

[F⁻] = 2x

Ksp = x(2x)2 = 4x³

x = ∛( Ksp/4 ) = ∛((3.4× 10-11)/4 )

x = 2.04 × 10⁻⁴ mol/L

If the concentration of fluoride in fluoridated drinking water is 1 x 10 -5 M

and the calcium ion concentration in blood is 2.5 x 10 -3 M , why is there no
danger of Ca F2 precipitating in the blood stream, after drinking the water?

There will never be large enough amounts of water to be able to. They will
always fall below the Ksp of CaF2 and not form a precipitate. The number
of moles of electrons of F ions will never be sufficient to be transferred to
Ca ions.