Introduction to Computer and Information Systems

Introduction to Computer and

Information Systems

Lecture 1

Vo Duy Khoi
 Introduction to Computer and Information Systems

Content
• Class introduction
• Part I – Foundation of IS in business
• Part II - Introduction to business information

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 Introduction to Computer and Information Systems

Class Introduction
• Background check
• Instructor’s introduction
• Course’s catalog (syllabus)
• Course’s policy
– Grading: HWs, projects, exams
• Aims and roles of the course
• How to learn this course and get pass
• Contact information
– Email: khoivd@hcmiu.edu.vn, vo.duy.khoi@gmail.com
– Phone: Office of the CSE School
– Office hours: Wednesday, 9:00 – 10:00 AM (Room 610)
• Questions?
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 Introduction to Computer and Information Systems

Class introduction
Part I – Foundations of IS in business
Part II - Introduction to business information

Part I

FOUNDATIONS OF INFORMATION
SYSTEMS IN BUSINESS
 Introduction to Computer and Information Systems

Learning objectives
• Why IS so important for business operation?
• Review the fundamentals of IS
• Illustrate how the business applications can support
business processes, managerial decision making, and
strategies for competitive advantage
• Examples of real world information systems.
• Identify several challenges that a business manager
might face in managing the successful and ethical
development and use of information technology in a
business
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 Introduction to Computer and Information Systems

What is an information system?

• A group of interrelated or interacting elements
forming a unified whole, OR
• A group of interrelated components working
together toward a common goal by accepting inputs
and producing outputs in an organized
transformation process (dynamic system).
• Three basic interacting components:
– Input
– Processing (transformation process)
– Output
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Introduction to Computer and Information Systems

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Copyright © 2004, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
 Introduction to Computer and Information Systems

Components of an IS
People

Software Hardware

IS
resources

Network Data

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Introduction to Computer and Information Systems

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Copyright © 2004, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
 Introduction to Computer and Information Systems

Activities related to IS
• Input:
Input e.g. optical scanning of bar-code tags on
goods
• Processing
Processing: e.g. calculating employees’ pay, taxes
and payroll deductions
• Output
Output: e.g. producing reports and displays about
sales performance
• Storage
Storage: e.g. maintaining records on customers,
employees and products
• Control
Control: e.g. generating warning signals to indicate
mistaken entries of data
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 Introduction to Computer and Information Systems

Information system resources

• People resources, e.g. specialists, users,...
• Hardware resources, e.g. machines, media,...
• Software resources, e.g. programs,
procedures,...
• Data resources, e.g. product descriptions,
customer records, employee files, inventory,...
• Network resources, e.g. communication
media and processors, network access,...
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 Introduction to Computer and Information Systems

Information products
• Management reports
• Business documents
• Audio responses
• Warning and controlling messages
• Paper forms
• etc

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 Introduction to Computer and Information Systems

Major roles of IS
Support
competitive
advantage

Support business decision making

Support of business processes and operations

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 Introduction to Computer and Information Systems

Trends in Information Systems

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Copyright © 2004, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
 Introduction to Computer and Information Systems

Types of IS
Information
Systems

Management
Operations
Support Others
Support System
Systems

Transaction Management
Processing Information Expert Systems
Systems Systems

Decision Knowledge
Process Control
Support Management
Systems
Systems Systems

Enterprise Executive Strategic

Collaboration Information Information
Systems Systems Systems
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 Introduction to Computer and Information Systems

Illustrations

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Copyright © 2004, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
 Introduction to Computer and Information Systems

...Illustrations

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Copyright © 2004, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
 Introduction to Computer and Information Systems

Developing IS solutions to business challenges

Copyright © 2004, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Page 18

 Introduction to Computer and Information Systems

Challenges in developing IS Systems

Applications Potential Potential Possible
of IT harms risks responses
How likely are
Customer
customers, Can the risk and
relationship
business cost be
management How likely are
partners or mitigated by:
 Human competitors to legal actions,
resources consumer  Self –
be affected by:
management boycotts, work regulation
 Infringements stoppages,
 Business  Advocacy
on privacy government
Intelligence  Education
 Inaccurate intervention
Systems  Codes of
information and other
 Electronic threats to ethics
 Collusion
Commerce occur?  Incentives
Systems  Exclusion from
business  Certification
resources

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 Introduction to Computer and Information Systems

Discussion
• How can a manager demonstrate that he or she is a
responsible end user of information systems?
• What are some of the toughest management
challenges in developing IT solutions to solve
business problems and meet new e-business
opportunities?
• Why are there so many conceptual classifications of
information systems? Why are they typically
integrated in information systems found in the real
world?
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 Introduction to Computer and Information Systems

Class introduction
Part I – Foundation of IS in business
Part II - Introduction to business information

Part II

INTRODUCTION TO BUSINESS
INFORMATION
 Introduction to Computer and Information Systems

Management operations
• In all kinds of organizations, there are 5 types
of management operation:
– Finance
– Marketing and sales
– Research and development
– Production and logistics
– Human resources

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 Introduction to Computer and Information Systems
Copyright © 2004, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Business model with IS existence Page 23

 Introduction to Computer and Information Systems

Business information
• Forms of information:
– Internal: i.e. that generated by the company itself.
This includes:
• Human Capital: - the experience, general know-how,
skill and creativity of a company's workforce
• Internally intellectual assets - the information
technologies of a company, including sales databases,
product data, computer software programs, internal
reports etc.
– External: i.e. that generated outside of the
company. The human capital and intellectual
assets of other companies and organizations Page 24
 Introduction to Computer and Information Systems

Broad types of business information

• Business Information can be divided into five
broad types:
– marketing research
– company information
– financial information
– human resources information
– patent information

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 Introduction to Computer and Information Systems

Marketing research 1.
2.
3.
marketing research
company information
financial information

- Definition
4. HR information
5. patent information

• “Marketing research is the function which links the

consumer, customer, and public to the marketer
through information – information used to identify
and define marketing opportunities and problems;
generate, refine, and evaluate marketing actions;
monitor marketing performance; and improve
understanding of marketing as a process.”
• Marketing research provides detailed knowledge of
customers and the market in which a company
operates.
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 Introduction to Computer and Information Systems

Marketing research
- Data
• Data includes:
– market size information
– brand share data
– details of advertising spend
– import/export data
– ad hoc commissioned consumer research
– data on economic trends
– etc.
• Most use to the marketing department of a
company, valuable for research and development,
when introducing new products. Page 27
 Introduction to Computer and Information Systems

Company info. 1.
2.
3.
marketing research
company information
financial information

- Definition
4. HR information
5. patent information

• Provides information on companies.

• Company information can also include news
information, company and product brochures, share
price information, official announcements and
broker reports.
• Widely used:
– registered and trading addresses
– names of directors and other contacts
– industry classifications
– financial information (ranging from a single turnover figure
to full report and account ) and credit ratings. Page 28
 Introduction to Computer and Information Systems

Company info.
- Usage
• Used to:
– assess a competitor's performance
– monitor a potential takeover target
– compile mailing lists
– for benchmarking and for gauging the
creditworthiness of a potential customer or client.
• Used by managers and employees in finance
related areas, in marketing and sales.

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 Introduction to Computer and Information Systems
1. marketing research

Financial info.
2. company information
3. financial information
4. HR information
5. patent information

• Financial data covers share and financial

market price and trading data.
• Note: for the financial service industry, share,
bond, currency etc. data is market
information. This information is of most
relevance to those in the financial services
industry.

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 Introduction to Computer and Information Systems
1. marketing research

Human resources info.

2. company information
3. financial information
4. HR information
5. patent information

• Includes:
– data on wage levels and rates across comparable
industries
– employment grades, plus data on employment
terms and contracts.
• Also includes:
– information that will aid in executive searches,
including news on key personnel and figures, plus
financial and corporate data on companies run by
leading managers.
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 Introduction to Computer and Information Systems
1. marketing research

Patent info.
2. company information
3. financial information
4. HR information
5. patent information

• Includes data on patent filings. This can

indicate whether it is worth developing a new
technology or product (i.e has someone
already filed a patent for a similar idea).
• Also be used for many other purposes, such as
assessing the technical and innovative skills of
a takeover target or rival.

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 Introduction to Computer and Information Systems

Brainstorming – Getting information

• Marketing and Sales Questions: The Market

• Marketing and New Product Development
Questions: The Product

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 Introduction to Computer and Information Systems

Uses of business information

• Example:
Marketing Company Financial Human Patent
Planning information resources
Advertising strategy
Pricing policy
Brand management
Product development
Forecasting the future
Customer information
Merger/acquisitions
Corporate Treasury
Benchmarking
Wage/ employment terms
Executive search

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 Introduction to Computer and Information Systems

Uses of business information

• Example:
Marketing Company Financial Human Patent F: Financial
Planning information resources D: Directory

Advertising strategy X
Pricing policy X F
Brand management X D
Product development X D X X
Forecasting the future X X X
Customer information X F,D
Merger/acquisitions X F X X
Corporate Treasury F X
Benchmarking x F X x
Wage/ employment terms F X
Executive search F,D X
Source: Business Information Handbook, Mort – Saur 2003

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 Introduction to Computer and Information Systems

Discussion
• How can information technology support a
company’s business processes and decision
making, and give it a competitive advantage?
• How does the use of the Internet, intranets,
and extranets by an e-business enterprise
support their e-commerce activities?
• Why do big companies still fail in their use of
information technology? What should they
be doing differently
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 Introduction to Computer and Information Systems

Homework (group of 8 students)

• Review questions in discussion parts and
present your ideas on 1 page.
• Submission: send me by email (any email)
next week with the subject [BCS] Discussion 1,
before class

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