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A2 Media Studies: Coursework Evaluation

Our group decided to create a documentary called ‘Perfection’, based on the

main topic of “Teenage Body Image”. The style of it was a social
documentary as it showed the media pressures and peer pressures of body
image.

Our Group
Channel 4 logo

‘Perfection’ was broadcast on Channel 4 as their ‘Remit and

Legal Duties’ suggest that their shows “appeals to the
tastes and interests of a culturally diverse society”. This
shows that Channel 4 broadcast shows which appeal to an
ethnic mix, which is one of the reasons why this channel
was chosen to display our documentary.

Our target audience is predominantly females 16-24 year

olds (teenage girls), but also males who get to see how
females are affected by their own appearance and how
they are actually influenced by the media. Parents of
teenage girls and young adults would also be targeted as they may find it
interesting how the media plays a huge part in their children’s lives today.

In what ways does your media products use, develop or challenge

forms and conventions of real media products?

As our research and planning took place, we

started to think of ideas for what to include into
our documentary, so we watched the beginning
of different and similar style TV documentaries,
to get a feel of what we can include in our own
to make it more realistic and professional. We
also explored teen pressures to get an idea of
what specifically affects teenagers today. One
documentary we looked at that was very useful
and had a similar style to our own to analyse
and explore forms and conventions was the BBC
documentary ‘Too Much Too Young’, which
helped us to create a structure for our own. This
is a clip of ‘Too Much Too Young: Part 1’ on
YouTube - Captions from a BBC documentary,
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VBJCkoc- ‘Too Much Too Young’
ZSY&feature=player_embedded.

One convention that is usually included in documentaries,

and is included in ‘Too Much Too Young’ is a 30 second to

Our documentary: Clip of nails in montage.

Roma Baig Column C Our documentary: Clips of receipts, Clothes
Show website and a ‘Reveal’ magazine with
Cheryl Cole on the front cover. (All in montage).

a minute long montage sequence at the beginning. In

this convention, usually the clips and images are on
screen for no more than a few seconds giving it a quick
pace, making it more appealing to the audience. In ‘Too
Much Too Young’, we see a montage at the beginning as
soon as the programme starts with clips of the case
studies that are going to be featured in the
documentary. It shows young girls being photographed
and smoking suggesting what type of topics will appear
in the programme. For our documentary, we also
included a rapid paced, 1-minute long montage
sequence with clips of magazines, receipts, voxpops,
interviews, the teenage girl case study, and teenage
students which gives the audience a sense of what is
going to be included in the documentary, making it
more appealing to the target audience. At the end of
the montage, the title ‘Perfection’ is shown on screen by
red lipstick on a mirror, enhancing the body image topic
as we used make up to write the title.

Our documentary: Becky from the case study

putting mascara on and the last clip in the
montage of the title ‘Perfection’.

Another typical convention before a

programme begins on Channel 4 is an ident.
This appears as a clip before a programme airs
with the Channel 4 logo, signalling to the view that
the documentary is about to
begin by the voiceover telling
them what is coming on, and if
there are any other programmes
on after.

Channel 4 ident

Actuality is another convention of TV documentaries. This is what the

documentary is made of by the images, clips, and topics shown. Actuality
isn't fake or fiction but it is real footage and shows everyday events and life.
No actors or scripts are used in the filming process so this is what makes it
different from fictional programmes. Our documentary involves voxpops of
students and a teenage girl case study, making it more realistic. ‘Too Much
Too Young’ also uses this convention, by the multiple case studies, interviews
with parents and throughout the documentary as it is of everyday life and
the sets aren’t fake.

Voiceovers or presenters are a typical convention usually used in

documentaries. The voiceovers are there to make the images of the
documentary easier for the viewer to understand. It's there to make sure
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that the programme flows from clip to clip. In some documentaries, the
voiceover or presenter isn't bias and in some, they are slightly to convey a
certain message or opinion to the audience. A voiceover is used in ‘Too Much
Too Young’, instead of a presenter. I think this is because there are a lot of
case studies and interviews in the documentary, which would be easily
introduced with a voiceover to explain what is going on and what is coming
up next. The voiceover always has
to relate to what is being shown, Our documentary: Establishing shot of
otherwise, it will confuse the viewer make up and skincare store, Space NK
and be misleading.

Establishing shots is a convention of a documentary as

it shows the audience the documentary is moving to
another part, but also shows them the location. In
‘Too Much Too Young’, there are establishing shots of
the teenager’s houses before their case study, to show
the audience where the location is, giving them an
idea of what to expect. Some establishing shots can
be used without an introduction by a voiceover or
presenter, as a caption on screen can simply be replaced by this, telling the
viewer who and where they are. In our
documentary, we had an establishing shot of
Space NK before the interview with Kellie, the
manager, and another of The Sixth Form
College, Solihull before the interview with the
college counsellor and vox pops with students.
We also had an establishing shot of Becky’s
house before her case study, so the audience
were made aware the next clips
Too Much Too Young: Establishing shot of
are filmed in a home, in a real
teenager’s house before case study
life setting.

Documentaries usually consist of interviews. Without

interviews, we might not know the
general publics opinion about the
topic. Questions are asked to the
people being interviewed but the
questions must be relevant to the
topic of the documentary and the
people questioned should be the primary and secondary
target audience
as their views Too Much Too Young: Sasha’s mum shares her
own opinion on body image and her daughter
would be more
interesting for the viewer. There are
also interviews with the general public
and these are called vox pops and are
often used to see how the general
public feel. In ‘Too Much Too Young’,
there are interviews of the teenager’s
parents and the mother of Sasha
which would be our secondary
Our Documentary: MS and MCU shots with captions of interviews and
voxpops
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audience for our own documentary, showing that opinions from people of
different ages are varied and fascinating for the audience. In our
documentary, we included interviews from the Space NK manager and
college counsellor, showing their different opinions as one focused on her
experience of customers and make up, and the counsellor expressed how
students feel pressure to feel good. Also, conventionally, there is a caption
on screen to show the audience who the person is, and the interview is
filmed in a medium shot (MS) or medium close up (MCU) to show emphasis
on facial expressions and the
interviewee looks towards the Our Documentary: Kellie, the Space NK
bottom right or left hand corner of manager – expert opinion
the screen, making it look more
professional.

There also has to be expert opinions where there is an

opinion of someone who would be an expert about the
topic. Sometimes the experts will disagree or agree with
the topic, but they are giving their opinions. Such as
Becky in her case study agreed and disagreed with the
questions and expressed her opinion as she is the
teenage example in our documentary. Also, Kellie, the
manager from Space NK, shared her opinion on where
most teenage girls look to find the latest make-up, like magazines. In ‘Too
Much Too Young’, the expert opinions are the girls in the case studies
themselves because they are young children who are trying to act older than
they are and share their opinion of why they do this.

Another convention in our documentary and in

‘Too Much Too Young’ is mise-en-scene, as both
of our case studies are filmed in houses, creating
an informal, welcoming and friendly vibe towards
our young target audience. The colour scheme in
the example documentary and our own both has
the primary colour of pink, which connotes that they
have stereotypically girly personalities.

Our Documentary and ‘Too Much Too

Young’: Mise En Scene – Both bedrooms,
pink, and informal.

Facts and Statistics is another convention of a documentary as the

information makes it more realistic and credible to the genre and topic. In
our documentary, we included a collage of fashion images and then included
captions on screen and a voiceover which read it
out, so the audience could follow along what facts
we had to reveal. Here is a clip of the facts and
statistics in our documentary ‘Perfection’:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R-
On65u9jI0&feature=player_embedded
Our Documentary: Facts and Statistics – in front of a
fashion image collage.
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Variety of shots is another convention of documentaries as there is more

visual footage the viewer sees to understand the impact and importance of
the topic. Also, when we first filmed our documentary, we had hours of
footage which we cut down and there was some we didn’t use as the sound
quality wasn’t great, or the shot wasn’t clear, or there was no need for it
when we put the documentary in sequence. We used much variety of shots
such as receipts, a shopping centre, the internet, students, make-up, and
magazines. This helped us to communicate the topic of our documentary to
the audience, and the depth the subject matter has on teenagers in society
today. Documentaries use footage from other sources to show evidence and
help support what they are saying such as internet websites.

Basic structure of our Documentary produced in Comic Life software:

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How effective is the combination of your main product and ancillary

texts?

Our completed TV listings page

The two listings

page we analysed
for codes and
conventions
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When we analysed listings pages, we found that the main image dominates more that half of
the page to appeal to the target audience. As we have a primary young target audience, we
used an image of a female teenager, Becky, who was in the case study, so they can relate to it
and it also links with the article, advertising the documentary. This is a focus image, showing
she has a main role in the documentary as a clip of her interview is also in the radio trailer.

Another typical
convention is a
caption which we
Standfirst before used to anchor the
the article, in a main image of Becky
larger font size, as applying lipstick. We
a summary about labelled it as “Becky,
the article so Obsessed Teenager”
readers know what to emphasise to our
the article is target audience with
primarily based on. our case study
The rhetorical example the
question lets the extremes people go
audience question to about body image
themselves about and how teenagers
the topic. We also in society respond to
used ‘Impact’ font it today.
for this which is
the same as the
The layout of the
font we used for
images on both
the captions in our
article pages is
documentary.
similar – with one
main image of the
Conventionally, the case study and the
time, date, and other two of make-
title of the up. They both also
programme are include page
shown before the numbers, helping
article. This makes the audience to find
the important the page.
details of when it
will release
important and Another typical
easier for our convention was our
younger target use of columns for
audience to find on our text. This
the page, as it is created a
even separated professional look
with lines. and made it easier
for the audience to
read it, as it follows
a particular format.

Our listings page was made for the ‘Radio Times’ magazine, and this is emphasised as it is
shown in the centre of the page. This shows the audience that this article is specifically made
to be advertised in this magazine only. However, even though the page is made specifically for
a younger audience, not many of our audience look in magazines for promotional material
about documentaries. If we advertised it else where it would be on TV, billboards, and buses
as they are more visual and big, grabbing the attention of teenagers and young adults as they
typically wouldn’t read a ‘Radio Times’ magazine. Although, this TV listings page is credible
and similar to the documentary, as we converted images from the documentary itself onto the
page and the font and colour schemes are bright and appealing for our target audience.
We also used the Adobe InDesign software to create our listings page, and edited the images in Adobe
Photoshop by increasing the brightness/contrast to make them more eye-catching and bright.
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----

Script for our Radio Trailer:

V/O - Are teenage girls too obsessed with their appearance?

[Clip from documentary - Case study – Becky speaking]

V/O - From Nails to hair and accessories, has the media influenced them in a
positive way?

[Clip from interview with Counsellor from The Sixth Form College]

[Clip of voxpop of boys saying some girls look ugly without make up] (– this
created suspense and a dramatic effect at the end of the radio trailer,
intriguing viewers to listen in and find out more about how serious this body
image topic is on teenagers.)

V/O - Perfection, Thursday, 8pm, on Channel 4

----

Conventionally, our radio trailer was 30

seconds in length. It included the same person
for the voiceover and snippets of interviews
and voxpops to make the trailer and
documentary similar, and to make the
audience aware that they both related to the
same product. We used the software
GarageBand on the Apple Mac computers to
create our radio trailer. We mixed and created
beats which were already installed as
copyright free tracks on the software.

We used rapid, upbeat tempo dance music in the background which had the
same speed as the minute long montage at the beginning of our
documentary, because if we used slow tempo sound, it wouldn’t appeal to
our younger target audience, and it wouldn’t be similar to our documentary.
We also used extracts from the documentary itself, giving the audience a feel
and sneak peak at what will be included in the documentary, increasing
awareness in the topic and linking them, successfully advertising the main
product. We created our radio trailer in GarageBand by adding layers for
each extract and audio track so it was easier to
blend the sound and change the sound levels on
each clip.

However, the finished version of our radio trailer

could have been improved. We could have done
this by blending the sound levels more finely, and
included a presenter and radio station who would
release the trailer. We could have also used some
of the same music used in the documentary so the
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trailer and the documentary have the same sound, making it more unique
and specific for the programme.

But, we did include males and females in the radio trailer, emphasising to the
listeners that both genders are targeted to watch the documentary, even
though it is primarily aimed towards females. We also included the day, time,
title and channel at the end of the trailer to summarise when and where the
programme will air, which increases interest to watch it towards our target
audience, but also as the information was at the end of the trailer, it would
stay fresh in the audience’s minds after they hear it.

The radio trailer was a great way to advertise the documentary as there are
many ways in which the target audience could have heard it such as word of
mouth, in the car, on a stereo player, on the internet, YouTube, Facebook,
Twitter, MySpace, blogs, podcasts and many other social networking sites.
This increases awareness for the documentary as this form of advertising can
be spread and heard from many places.

Moreover, an aspect of the advertising was effective as it appealed to the

same target audience of young females, 16-24 year olds. This is because the
variety of shots, sound, and people interviewed all contributed so all of the
three products targeted the same audience.

Overall, the ancillary tasks were successful in that they both anchored the
documentary well by including the same quotes and examples from the
documentary itself, which fulfilled the task of promoting the main product
and helped to establish this brand identity. I think
they both communicate the message of whether
teenage girls are getting too obsessed with their
image or not, which creates a theme through them all
and links the three texts together effectively.
Although, internet advertising would have been more
effective than a listings page as teenagers nowadays
spend most of their time on the computer and on the internet, which
suggests that promoting on here would reach our audience quicker as their
access to the advertisements would be easier, increasing more younger
teenager’s awareness to our documentary.
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What have you learned from your audience feedback?

Below are the findings from our questionnaires based on our documentary
and one of the graphs of the overall rating:

1. Overall, how would you rate this documentary?

Excellent Very Good Good Satisfactory Poor

III I IIIII I

2. Please rate the documentary on the following categories.

Excellent Very Good O.K Poor

Good
The choice of IIII IIIII I
topic for T.V
Filming/ III III IIII
shooting of
appropriate
material
Editing so IIII II IIII
viewer can
understand
meaning
Using sound + IIII IIIII I
music
appropriately
Using effects IIIII I II II
such as
transitions,
captions etc
Appropriateness IIIII II III
for target
audience
Professionalism/ III II III II
How well does it
compare with
real television
documentaries?

3. What did you like most about this documentary?

Fast paced, good interviews, montage, variety of shots, very professional,
good transitions, vox pops, good music, interesting, good editing, the topic.

4. What changes would you suggest in order to improve this

documentary?
Sound levels, could have had background music in interviews, positioning of
interviewee in Space NK, smoother music transitions, voiceover doesn’t
sound very professional, vox pops.
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Overall, majority of our audience during feedback gave

‘Perfection’ a good to excellent rating, which gave us
the impression that our documentary was not at a poor
standard. Generally, this shows that our documentary
received positive feedback and that we had a good
choice of topic that teenage girls can relate to.

I wasn’t surprised at any of the feedback we received

from our audience feedback such as the sound. This is because in some
areas such as one voxpop, the sound was too quiet. Also, the non-diegetic
sound in our documentary was quite quiet or loud in some areas that could
have been improved, and was definitely noticed in our feedback as one of the
points that could have been improved. However, we did use appropriate
music for the genre of our documentary and a variety of tracks, but it was
the sound levels and editing which could have been improved.

We got a variety of opinions in our feedback for

filming and shooting of appropriate material, as
30% of the students rated it excellent, another
30% rated very good, and 40% rated it good,
showing the documentary was at a good
standard. However, if we filmed more clips of
professionals and the shopping centre and more
to do with the media, we might have gained a
higher rating in our feedback.

Also another thing they said was a weakness was the close up shots of
students in voxpops. Originally, these shots were two
shots of two students, but using Final Cut Express, we
edited the frame by zooming in on the clip and onto
each person when they spoke so show their were many
opinions. We knew the quality wasn’t as clear when we
did this, so we weren’t surprised with this feedback.

However, we only had a small sample of ten 17-18 year

old media students, showing that this is not an overall
representation of our target audience of also young adults and parents of
teenagers. This suggests our results are only representative of an older
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teenage age group. Plus, as it was a media class, this shows that they
viewed our documentary in an analytical way and not in a way where they
watched it solely for the topic itself, or as a typical target audience.

How did you use media technologies in the construction and

research, planning and evaluation stages?

When we started this coursework, we created a

blog on the Internet on http://www.blogger.com/.
Here we documented in time order our thoughts,
processes, development, analysis and information.
This blog I found easy to use and understand to
upload text, images and embedded videos from
sites such as Grazia, Channel 4 and YouTube. Such
as http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R-
On65u9jI0&feature=player_embedded,
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ObvDqe4TbUs&feature=player_embedde
d and
http://link.brightcove.com/services/player/bcpid1817812374?bctid=6102312
69001. It was easy to find past blog posts and edit them, which was great,
as I didn’t find it difficult to upload and use at all.

When we created our documentary, we used digital camcorders,

an audio technical directional microphone, headphones
and a tripod, which were all used to film our clips. I found
these easy to use, however the tripod was at times hard
to stand up by missing pieces, or it wasn’t securely
fastened. It was easy to connect the equipment, also when uploading
our videos onto the computer, which we used an adapter and USB
cable to do. Before we started filming, we captured still
images of what we might include in our documentary,
using HD still cameras. This was quite useful in helping
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us to arrange the order and structure of our documentary, and I was

effectively able to use the camera and upload images onto the computer.

When creating our radio trailer, we used the camcorder, directional

microphone, and headphones. We recorded in the same way as we did when
filming our documentary, however after we uploaded it to the computer, we
imported it into Final Cut Express, cut the clips where we wanted it, and
exported it as an Audio File only and then imported it into GarageBand.

Before we started this project, I had never used the software Final Cut
Express on the Apple Mac computer. Now, I am able to use the basic
controls, but also effectively edit on the software.

After we filmed the clips for our documentary, we opened up Final Cut
Express and clicked into ‘Log and Transfer’. This allowed us to select the clips
we wanted to use, and certain parts of it, name them so we knew what each
one was, and then ‘Add clip to queue’ which then added to our sequence of
videos saved under our ‘Body Image’ file name. When we completed this, we
dragged a clip we wanted to use into the first ‘viewer’, watched it, selected
the part we wanted by (Ctrl+I) for the beginning and (Ctrl+O) for the end,
and then we dragged it onto the timeline. We did the same for the rest of the
clips and organised a basic order of what sequence we wanted our
documentary to go in, and then changed this if we didn’t think it was right.
After we got all our clips in place, we selected many copyright free tracks
from genres such as beats, dance and electricity. We dragged this into the
bottom audio section of the timeline and edited the sound levels using the
‘pen’ tool, giving us more control of the sound as the entire track didn’t have
Roma Baig Column C

to be in the same sound level. At the end of making our documentary on this
software, I was easily able to create captions and put them on top of
interviews in the same ‘Impact’ white coloured font, so it didn’t change
throughout the documentary, making it look more professional. We also
created an image collage by putting each picture on a different layer and
decreased the sizes with ‘Image + Wireframe’, making them all appear one
by one, and then put captions of facts and statistics over it. When we
completed our documentary, we exported it in ‘QuickTime Conversion’ as a
‘Video and Audio file’, putting it in a movie format. After this, I am now
effectively able to use Final Cut Express, as before this, I had no clue how to
use it. Before I could only use software’s I had self taught myself on such as
Windows Movie Maker, Sony Vegas and Sony Movie Studio.

After we were happy with our finished main product (documentary), we

opened up another software iDVD. I have had no previous experience also on
this software, but I have used DVD exporting software’s before on a Windows
computer. On this software, we put the title ‘Perfection’ on the main title
page and ‘Play’ which people would click to watch the documentary. Then we
put the blank DVD into the computer, and burned the documentary to disk.
This software was quite simple and straight forward
to understand and use, which was great, as I was
able to effectively export video to disc.

When we were creating our documentary and radio

trailer, we saved our files and work to the main
computer hard drive and video drive so we could
easily access and save our work and final products.
This wasn’t hard to use as we separated our work
into clear named folders, so we found it easy to
locate and access our work.

Last year, we created a mock radio trailer in

GarageBand so get us used to the software and understand how to mix,
blend and add tracks to layers. This was very beneficial as the knowledge I
learnt in the previous year, I applied when we created the radio trailer to
advertise our documentary. Below is a screenshot of an example of
GarageBand and its use of layers from the internet:
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We selected copyright free tracks from the bottom of the screen, previewed it
to see if it would be a good addition to our trailer, and then dragged it onto
our timeline and shortened or repeated it throughout. I was able to
effectively use this software, by remembering the knowledge we learnt last
year. This helped us to make our trailer efficiently as we knew what tools to
use.

Also, last year for our AS coursework, we created music magazines. To put
all the pages together and to create the contents and article pages, we used
the software Adobe InDesign. For this project, we created the TV listings
page in Adobe InDesign. Below is an example of the layout in InDesign when
creating our listings page. There are many place boxes on the page where
the images will be imported, and column lines for when we copy and paste
the article text.

I am effectively able to use this software, as I can easily add pages, create
place boxes, resize images and text, change colours, export it as a jpeg or
pdf file, and organise the layout clearly.

Furthermore, in our previous year for our AS coursework for magazines, we

used the software Adobe Photoshop to create our magazine front covers. This
was because we could add more effects such as a drop shadow on text, and
we used change the appearance of images such as increasing the brightness
and contrast, to make it more eye-catching and bright on the page. I also
use this software at home to edit images, and in my other A2 subject,
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Graphics. Last year I learnt the basics of using Photoshop, but now I am
effectively able to use the technology to an expert standard. I know how to
add layers, change effects, crop and select certain areas. This is beneficial,
as I know how to edit, so I didn’t struggle when I edited images on the
software. For our TV listings page, we simply changed the effects of the still

images that were exported from our actual documentary of Becky and make
up. We did this by adjusting the brightness and contrast, and increased it,
making it appear brighter on the page, which targeted our audience by the
bright use of colours in our images, as most of our audience would look at
images which appeal them to watch a programme.

Adobe
Photoshop:
adjusting the
brightness and
contrast

Before we started filming our documentary, the best way to know what we
were going to film was to arrange a simple structure in
a storyboard of what order our documentary was
going to be in, and what clips would be included. We
first sketched our storyboard with pencil and paper,
and when we were happy with this, we captured some
still images of what we might include in our
documentary and put it into a simple storyboard,
using computer software Comic Life. We also created
another storyboard when we completed our
Roma Baig Column C

documentary, to show a basic overview of the variety of clips and interviews

that were included. We also included speech bubbles, which we put captions
in to say what part of the documentary it was and who was in the image.

We learnt to use this software from scratch, so I had no previous experience

using it. We learnt from the basics, by choosing a layout of how many frames
we wanted for our storyboard, and then selecting images we were going to
include in it. We then dragged the images we wanted into different frames
and then added captions using speech bubbles to show what was in the
image. I can’t effectively use Comic Life as none of the roles which I carried
out in this project required me to use this technology. I know how to use the
basics such as importing images and text, but I don’t have an extensive
knowledge of how to use everything in the software, which could be
improved if I used the software again, or if we improved on our work.

Additionally, we used the software QuickTime Player to view videos. When we

exported our final documentary, we watched it on the computer using
QuickTime Player as it was saved as a QuickTime Movie file. When we chose
what Channel 4 ident we wanted to use before our documentary began, we
viewed the options also using this software. This technology was easy to use
and view videos.

When we carried out our

research and planning tasks
before we started making our
documentary, we researched
using the Internet, the
Channel 4 website for what
documentaries already come
on and YouTube, 4OD and
iPlayer to view documentaries
and clips. We used YouTube a
lot in our project, to research,
view videos, and upload our
radio trailer and clips of our
own documentary on our blog
by embedding the video,
making it more interactive for
people to watch
directly, instead of
opening a new
window or tab.

Videos that we
uploaded onto our
blog, by
embedding the
link, so it is more
interactive
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Link to 4OD Documentary ‘One Born Every Minute’:

http://www.channel4.com/programmes/one-born-every-
minute/4od#3160121

Also, we used Microsoft

Word spell check and write
our blog entries before we
pasted it into the blog. I also
used it for putting all of my
research and planning
together, and for structuring
and writing out this
evaluation. I find it easy to
use this package from
Microsoft Office, as I am
quite familiar to it, by using
it from a day-to-day basis at
home and at college.

When I collected and put my results together

from our audience feedback, I inserted the
results into Microsoft Excel. I then created a
pie chart with percentages for each question
so our findings were summarised in visual
statistics. I find it easy to use this package, as
I have used it for making graphs many times
before.

Lastly, when I upload this final

evaluation onto the Internet, I will use
the website Scribd. I have an
information pack as a guidance to use
the site, and I have also carried out a
trail run previously, so I know how to
save my work. This website was
relatively easy to use, and I had no
problems when uploading my work.