TEPS

Test of English Proficiency,

Seoul National University
GRAMMAR
1. A : Have you been to Florida? 5. A : Stop sorry for yourself. Cheer
B : Yes, I went there last year. UP.
(a) once B : I know, but it's easier said than done.
(b) ever (a) feeling
(c) before (b) to feel
(d) after (c) having felt
(d) to have felt
2. A : I feel like the world is falling apart.
B : I know feeling. 6. A : Here's a little something for you.
B : Thanks, but you
(a) a
(b) the (a) should
(c) such (b) shouldn't have
(d) llke (c) could
(d) couldn't have
3. A : What are you going to do with the
inheritance? 7. A : Why didn't you come to Jack's
B : Well, I am not sure, but I a housewarming party?
condo. B:I , but I had too many things to
(a) would buy take care of.
(b) might buy (a) would love
(c) would have bought (b) wanted to
(d) might have bought (c) should want
(d) would love to
4. A : Do you think you can get away with it?
B : What to mean? You promised 8. A : Do we have to charge him?
to let it pass. B : Not yet. But we just got a search warrant.
(a) is supposed (a) evidence enough
(b) is that supposed (b) enough evidence
(c) supposed that (c) evidences enough
(d) that is supposed (d) enough evidences
 9. A : D o you think Alan has feelings for me? 14. A : I gave your car key to Ben.
B:I . He is in love with Sophia. B : You did ? Are you out of your
(a) am afraid not mind?
(b) am not afraid (a) why
(c) am afraid so (b) what
(d) am not afraid so (c) how
(d) when
10. A : Stewart usually next to Eva.
B : I noticed that, too. Do you think he likes 15. A :
her? B : In New York.
(a) is sitting I (a) Did you say where the fire broke out?
(b) sits (b) Where did you say the fire broke out?
(c) has been sitting (c) Where you said did the fire break out?
(d) has sat I
(c) Did the fire break out where you said?

11. A : Did you pick up Mr. Polanski at the 16. A : I can't find my pants.
airport? B : Are these pink ones you' re
B : Sure. Since you , it was easy to looking for?
find him. (a) that
(a) in detail described him me (b) which
(b) in detail described me him (c) what
(c) described me to him in detail (d) where
(d) described him to me in detail
17. A : Why is Mr. Jameson upset?
12. A : I don't thmk we have enough to cover our B : Well, that we ignored it. That's
expenses. why.
B : Hold on. 1'11 see cash I've got (a) so was absurd his theory
left. (b) so absurd was his theory
(a) which (c) was so absurd his theory
(b) what (d) absurd was so hls theory
(c) that
(d) when 18. A : Wow, you have quite a good collection
here.
13. A : Thanks for being help. B : You're welcome to borrow my
B : My pleasure. Any time. books.
(a) in (a) much
(b) out (b) more than
(c) of (c) much more
(dl to (d) more
19. A : You shouldn't drive while 20. A : The trafsc is bumper to bumper. We
B : I know. That's why Roger will be my should've taken the train.
designated driver. B : Right. If you had taken my advice, we
(a) intoxicating in New York now.
(b) intoxicated (a) were
(c) you intoxicate (b) had been
(d) you intoxicated (c) could be
(d) could have been

Part II : Ex1121-40
ctg 351 9TlLcol f q 3 7 B 429 ,cgS EhlP.

21. Dr. Baylor for his theory of 24. The police just made the
evolution gave the lecture. discovery of another surveillance tape.
(a) having known (a) has
(b) knowing (b) have
(c) known (c) is
(d) knew (d) are

22. A recent study of American families shows 25. I read the newspaper every morning
that disposable income from 1981 fall behind the times.
to 2004. (a) not in order to
(a) has increased (b) in not order to
(b) increases (c) in order not to
(c) increased (d) in order to not
(d) has been increasing
26. Your belongings must go through inspection
23. I took it for granted that you knew Sean, before on the flight.
otherwise I you. (a) putting
(a) would introduce (b) being put
(b) would be introduced (4 put
(c) introduced (d) be put
(d) would have introduced
27. , mathematics is my all-time 32. The brown thrasher is not a particularly large
favorite. or strong bird, for fighting.
(a) All of class subjects (a) nor it is equipped
(b) All class of subjects (b) neither it is equipped
(c) Of all class subjects (c) nor is it equipped
(c) Subjects of all classes (d) neither is it equipped

28. According to a recently released survey, one in 33. Johnny accepts that Claire's not
every three marriages perfect in many respects, he does actually
(a) end in divorce quite like her.
(b) ends in divorce (a) While
(c) end in divorces (b) Despite
(d) ends in divorces (c) Since
(d) Because
29. agree to accept our proposal, we
would like to settle by arbitration. 34. You shouldn't forget to come to the next class
(a) You should not the topic.
(b) Not you should (a) prepared to discuss
(c) Should you not (b) preparing to discuss
(d) Not should you (c) prepared for discussing
(d) preparing for discussing
30. He a graduate of Washington
University and worked for Sony Electronics 35. The tightrope rider found himself
before joining us. from the rope.
(a) was (a) fell
(b) is (b) falling
(c) has been (c) has fallen
(d) had been (d) fall

31. It has truly been to work with you, 36. , we agree that it should be
particularly because you continually strive to regarded as an exception.
improve your way of operating. (a) All things were considered
(a) pleasure (b) All things considered
(b) the pleasure (c) Considered all things
(c) pleasures (d) Having been considered all things
(d) a pleasure
37. A scandal involving an aide the 39. , Frank helped her set up a business
Prirne h h s t e r is snowballing as the police plan.
have launched a probe into allegations. (a) Impressed by the woman's desire t o learn
(a) to (b) in (b) The woman's desire impressed to learn
(c) from ( 4 by (c) Impressing the woman's desire to learn
(d) That impressed the woman's desire t o
38. The actress had a lot of secret admirers the I learn
most famous of was the former
president. 40. This research is important it
(a) who c o n f m s the existence of a relationshp
(b) whom between aggression and the use of alcohol.
(c) whose (a) nevertheless (b) in case
(d) which (c) in that (d) concerning

-- -. -- - - -- -- - - - - - --.--- - - -

Part Ill : =xi1 41-45 I

I

LEL.Hqq1A-l q3g f 217jLt qqct y g g i!ZAlP

\ - -- - _ - --- -- - -- - - - - /

41. (a) A : You're quite famous, haven't you? (d) B : Take a deep breath. You have nothing
(b) B : What do you mean? to wony about.
(c) A : I saw you in the newspaper.
(d) B : Really? Whlch newspaper are you 44. (a) A : Do you th~&I should go on and get
talking about? my Ph. D?
(b) B : If I were in your shoes, I would g o for
it.
42. (a) A : I can't wait to go to Hawaii for our
(c) A : But I am not sure I have what does it
vacation.
take to do it.
(b) B : Me, neither. I'm so psyched up!
(d) B : No doubt! You will accomplish your
(c) A : I need a great deal of things for the
goal.
trip.
(d) B : What do you say to going shopping
this afternoon, then? 45. (a) A : How did you think of the movie we
saw last night?
(b) B : The acting was good, but the humor
43. (a) A : I'm so nervous about presentation I
was a bit off color.
must give today.
(c) A : The movie won't win any academy
(b) B : Don't lose your cool and everything
awards, but it was entertaining.
will be okay.
(d) B : Well, I guess so. All in all, I think the
(c) A : I am already starting to get a lump in
movie was okay.
my throat.
/
I
Part IV : H I 46-50
46. (a) In the opening pages of the book, the
writer conjures Dickensian memory.
(b) Wash was done by hand in a tub and with
electric wringers. (c) It was like dangerous
beasts that tended to crush hands and fingers
along with sheets and shuts. (d) Laundry day
was Blue Monday, because such exhausting
labor could only be tackled after a day of rest.
47. (a) Suicide bombers targeted the Indonesian
resort of Bali with coordinated attacks.
(b) They devastated three crowded restaurants,
killing at least 25 people. (c) Two men linked
to even deadlier blasts at the same resort in
2002 was suspected of masterminding the
stnkes. (d) The remains of their bodies were
found at the scenes.
48. (a) Nemesis was the Greek goddess of
vengeance, a deity who punishes evil acts.
(b) The Greeks believed that Nemesis didn't
always punish an offender immediate.
(c) Instead, she might wait generations to
avenge a crime. (d) In English, "nemesis"
originally referred to someone who brought a
just retribution.
49. (a) It's TiVo's home-networking option that
lets you to transfer the recorded programs to
your own computers. (b) The files are
enormous, roughly one gigabyte per hour of
air time. (c) They also have security features
to keep them from being passed around to
other users. (d) But the TiVo owner can easily
burn the programs into DVD's to watch
somewhere else.
50. (a) Mr. Roylance was born in Newcastle-
E d n , Wales, on April 4, 1945, and grew up
in London. (b) At 15, he took a job as a photo
reproduction apprentice at a London
newspaper while attending the London
College of Printing. (c) At the time, he spent
hls lunch hours studying nautical logs at the
public records office. (d) It was occurred to
hun to assemble a reproduction of Capt.
Wiham Bligh's log.
VOCABULARY
VOCABULARY
Part I : Exil 1-25
E* qwq f q 7~~ 433
b ZBQ asyn.

1. A : Jack, what a nice surprise running into you 5. A : So how did you do on the midterms?
here! B:Notbad.IgotanAandaBinmathand
B : Hey, Hany. Good to YOU science
again. (a) respectively
(a) meet (b) articulately
(b) see (c) inadvertently
(c) bump (d) immediately
(d) take
6. A : Do you any DIY magazines?
2. A : You look . Have we met B : We sure do. Anythmg we have will be in
before? aisle four.
B : Don't you remember? We went to the (a) make
same high school. (b) turn
(a) similar (c) C a r r Y
(b) familiar ( 4 put
(c) regular
(d) circular 7. A : It's hard for me to get up. Can you
me some water, please?
3. A : When do you plan to Ivan's B : Will do. Do you need anythmg else?
retirement luncheon? (a) come
B : Well, let me check my planner. Here. (b) sway
Friday, at noon. (c) guide
(a) hold ( 4 get
(b) continue
(c) get 8. A : Officer, can you give me a
(d) place over here?
B : Of course. What seems to be the problem?
4. A : Katie, you don't look good. What's the (a) foot
matter? (b) hand
B : I have to meet my for the (c) head
month, but I don't know how. (d) help
(a) sales
(b) aggregate
(c)quota
(d) sum
20
 9. A : I'm sorry. I didn't mean to step 1 14. A : I heard Jill just had her baby. Was it a boy
on you. or a girl?
B : Don't worry about it. B : A girl. And she just like her
(a) awesomely (b) awfully dad.
(c) immediately (d) supposedly (a) takes
(b) resembles
10. A : What should I do about the paperwork for (c) looks
the order? (d) seems
B : See someone in Administration and get it
15. A : Here's our hero, Jack.
(a) ripped off B : Let's it up for him. Everybody,
(b) cleared up applaud.
(c) rolled up (a) give
(d) ended in (b) break
(c) take
11. A : Excuse me, but could you tell me the way (d) make
to the post office?
B : Just a right at the next 16. A : I'm on my way to the bookstore.
intersection. You will see it across from B : While you are at it, could you
the bank. the books I ordered last time?
(a) (a) see about
(b) take (b) care for
(c) roll (c) take in
(d) keep (d) look out

12. A : Sergei, are there any in your 17. A : Is anybody going over to the conference?
office building? I need a
B : Yeah. There are two offices available right B : Actually, I am headed that way, too.
now. (a) dnve
(a) evacuations (b) vacancies (b) ride
(c) positions (d) gaps (c) skid
(d) mobility
13. A : How would you your coffee?
B : Decaf, please.
(a) want
(b) cook
(c) hke
(dl care
VOCABULARY I

18. A : Should I tell my mom I got lost? 22. A : Are you ready to order, ma'am?
B : She will never that. Just tell B : Yes, for a , I'd like the shrimp
her the truth. cocktail, please.
(a) buy (a) beginner
(b) know (b) starter
(c) approve (c) expert
(d) trust (d) opener

19. A : I don't understand. Why don't you like 23. A : Have you seen Shannon? It seems like she
Alex? just into thin air.
B : It's because of his attitude. He B : No. Why don't you ask Chris? He might
is really unfriendly to me. know.
(a) surly (a) vanished
(b) feasible (b) evaporated
(c) stout (c) faded
( 4 flimsy (d) dissolved

20. A : Your child is misbehaving. You shouldn't 24. A : This new pair of roller blades are must-
let him that. haves. Why don't you them
B : But I don't want to hurt his feelings. on?
(a) get away with B : Okay. Do you have size ll?
(b) take up with (a) purchase
(c) move in on (b) check
(d) zero in on (c) inspect
(dl try
21. A : Thank you for your kind words, but my
work still has room for improvement. 25. A : According to these directions, there's a
B : Come on! Don't be so up ahead.
(a) modest B : I know. There was a sign saying we're
(b) complimentary going to be rerouted.
(c) flattering (a) detour
(d) intimidating (b) fork
(c) turnstile
(d) twist
26. In most companies, there are on 30. The railroads contributed to industrial growth
travel expenses. by enormous amounts of fuel,
(a) margins iron, and coal.
(b) amounts (a) consuming
(c) limits (b) resuming
(d) borders (c) assuming
(d) presuming
27. The nation's largest financial institution
due to the incessant internal 31. With larger loans we can offer greater
problems. , so you can be richer and richer.
(a) collided (a) taxes
(b) collaborated (b) refunds
(c) collapsed (c) returns
(d) coincided (d) offsets

28. The headlines the opening of a 32. We provide a of cosmetic surgery

major new highway through the center of the procedures such as facials, peels, acne
state. treatments and more.
(a) stated (a) circle
(b) talked (b) level
(c) said (c) scale
(d) announced ( 4 range

29. As a result of the unfortunate incident, a dusk- 33. Please prompt action on his
to-dawn will be imposed for the problem and get back to us on the outcome.
time being. (a) take
(a) curfew (b) bring
(b) timetable (c) bear
(c) itinerary (dl do
(d) agenda
VOCABULARY
34. Although I don't agree with all her ideas, I 39. In Greek myth, love is by the
must admire her unshakable to goddess Aphrodite.
them. (a) personified
(a) fidelity (b) impersonated
(b) piety (c) humanized
(c) integrity (d) epitomized
(d) homage
40. is exaggeration or overstatement,
35. Say goodbye to the stock market for example; I'm so hungry I could eat a
once and for all, and say hello to safe, real horse.
estate secured investments. (a) Hype
(a) cozy (b) Hypertension
(b) hazy (c) Hyperbole
(c) risky (d) Hypotherrnia
(d) sleazy
41. When Jake turned on every light in the house,
36. Previous elections in the country had been his mom at the waste, and made
by the ruling party. him turn the lights off.
(a) rigged (a) faltered
(b) geared (b) fluttered
(c) tackled (c) cringed
(d) equipped (d) squatted

37. Let us not brood over past mistakes since they 42. The president was for wrongful
are use of state money.
(a) invincible (a) impeached
(b) incomgible (b) vetoed
(c) un~crupulou~ (c) censored
(d) irrevocable (d) accused

38. We're offering a 10% on selected 43. The dentist gave me local before
items, so don't miss this wonderful he began to pull my tooth out.
opportunity. (a) anesthesia
(a) takeoff (b) anorexia
(b) markdown (c) anemia
(c) getaway (d) amnesia
(d) letup
44. The stock market has been steadily rising in I 48. The cycle is a month, so payment
active these days. is due by the last day of the calendar month.
(a) trading (a) funding
(b) bartering (b) money
(c) commercing (c) billing
(d) trafficking (d) financial

45. We wish to establish friendly business 49. When several witnesses appeared to challenge
relations with you to enjoy a share of his story, he was for perjury.
profitable business. (a) charged
(a) mutually (b) accused
(b) socially (c) sentenced
(c) politically (d) indicted
(d) drastically
50. In his usual way, he managed to
46. The daily of takmg care of four upset the cart and spdl the food.
strapping boys was wearing her down. (a) impeccable
(a) twist (b) immaculate
(b) grind (c) meticulous
(c) screw (d) clumsy
(d) chore

47. The economic ban has varying

degrees of inconvenience to the public in its
financial dealings.
(a) stimulated
(b) triggered
(c) embarked
(d) impelled
 -

READING
COMPREHENSION
Part I : E
x11 1-16
c E S Q ZjZ f q7,c 7t3 433 3s iEhl9.

1. Lonehess is most acutely , for with others, even with a lover

sometimes, we suffer from our differences of taste, temperament and mood. Human
intercourse often demands that we soften the edge of perception. That is to say, it asks
that we withdraw at the very instant of personal truth for fear of being inappropriately
present in a social situation. Alone we can afford to be wholly whatever we are, and to
feel whatever we feel absolutely.

(a) perceived alone

(b) felt with other people
(c) treasured greedily
(d) endured stoically

2. For the uninitiated, the "whte hat" nomenclature confused many when they first heard
of it. White hat is a fairly common term for people who hack legitimately -security
staff, researchers and so on. By contrast, black hats . Basically, white
hats are the good guys; black hats are the bad guys. In fact these terms come from the
early Hollywood made Westerns. Because the movies were filmed in black and white,
the chase scenes tended to get a bit confusing, until someone decided to give the good
guys white hats and the bad guys black hats.

(a) invade systems for big business

(b) have no interest in security and research
(c) do research with whte hat approval
(d) hack maliciously
3. Sanskrit is an Indo-Aryan language, and a classical language of India. Today, it is the
official language of the country of India. Contrary to many beliefs,
as its writing and reading aspects are currently still taught in schools and in households
across the country. According to recent reports, it is being revived as a vernacular in the
vdlage of Mathoor, Karnataka. Sanskrit is mostly used as a ceremonial language in
Hindu religious rituals.

(a) it has become an extinct language

(b) it has forms of hymns and mantras
(c) it is the most archaic language ever
(d) it is not a dead language

Dear Creditor,

I wish to which you have handled your business relationship

with me. I have been a model customer for the past five years. Yet you have begun
to treat me like a deadbeat just because I've been late in paying my bill the last two
months. I've recently lost my job, but 1'11 be starting a new one next month.
Nevertheless, you have embarrassed me greatly by c a h g my wife about my
account and revealing my state of unemployment to her. As someone who has
always done h s best to honor the terms of our contract, I feel you should have been
much more understanding and should also not have sent bill collectors to my home.

Sincerely,
Ethan Benedict

(a) critically evaluate

(b) promote the methods with
(c) protest the way in
(d) rebel against the practice of
5. When archaeologists study ancient societies and peoples, they are reluctant to look for
signs of warfare and conflict. Take for instance 5,000 year old Otzi, the Ice Man
discovered in the Alps in 1991. In the beginning, anthropologists said that he must have
been a shepherd and had fallen asleep and frozen to death in a snowstorm.
. He carried a copper battle axe good for chopping people, not trees.
The knife he had been carrying was stained with the blood from four different
individuals.

(a) The archaeologists biases were proven to be true

(b) Warfare was almost totally unknown by Otzi's people
(c) In fact, Otzi really was just a peaceful farmer
(d) The truth is much more graphic

6. The astronomers who claim to have discovered the 10th planet named Xena in the
solar system have another intriguing announcement: It has a moon. The moon's
discovery is important because it can help scientists determine the new planet's mass.
By determining the moon's distance and orbit around Xena, scientists can calculate
how heavy Xena is. For example, the faster a moon goes around a planet, the more
massive the planet is. Scientists believe Xena's moon was formed when Kuiper Belt
objects collided with one another. The Earth's moon formed in a similar way when
Earth the size of Mars.

(a) incinerated a target

(b) vandalized a proto-planet
(c) crashed into an object
(d) desecrated another planet
7. I was laid off a while ago and have been hard at work trying to find a job. I've answered
tons of want ads, networked my tail off, and have approached every company in the area
in my industry. I've learned one thing from job-hunting; that . Would
it kill them to have a form letter to send out confirming that they've received my
application? Even a short phone call or a brief e-mail saying that they've hired someone
else for the position? Come on, you corporate snobs. Folks take the time to apply for
your positions; the least you can do is let them know where they stand.

(a) f m s at these times are uninformed, practicing ignorant manners

(b) businesses nowadays are slippery, constantly litigious
(c) companies these days are cruel, seeming nearly omnipotent
(d) corporations today are rude, bordering on obnoxious

8. The history of contemporary music competitions dates back to the contest between
composers and pianists, organized on the initiative of a famous Russian composer,
pianist and conductor Anton Rubinstein in 1890. Rubinstein managed to meet the
demands of the time and correctly realized the importance of such events, on which lay
the foundations of young musicians' careers. Thus, under Rubinstein's stimulus, the F? I.
Tchaikovsky international contest, established by the Soviet government in 1958,
became one of the most outstanding events on the music arena and the

(a) discoverer of young talents

(b) decimator of gifted musician's careers
(c) authenticator of musical incapacity
(d) suppressor of true genius
 9. Americans randomly assigned to the "fear con&tionWperceived greater risks from
terrorism, while those in the "anger condition" perceived less risks. Fear inducing news
articles increased perceptions of being hurt in a terrorist attack, while anger inducing
stories reduced perceptions of personal risk. Regardless of experimental conditions or
natural situations,

(a) greater anger led to greater optimism

(b) greater fear led to greater courage
(c) greater anger led to greater pessimism
(d) greater fear led to greater perceptions

10. Lung Fibrosis, also known as Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis, of the

lung tissue. Thls disease is caused by the reaction of the body to foreign elements. The
Alveoli (air sacs) become inflamed and develop roughly healed areas on the lung tissue
in an attempt to repair itself. Alveoli help the lungs breathe and release carbon dioxide.
When the air sacs are deformed and damaged, the lung tissue is gradually replaced by
fibrous tissue, which prevents the alveoli sacs from inhaling oxygen. The lung tissues
harden causing shortness of breath, chronic dry cough, and discomfort in the chest.

(a) results in the scarring

(b) is associated with tearing
(c) stops the bleeding
(d) ends with the rupturing
11. Research does not support a strong link between exposure to persuasive communication
and behavior. The use of animated spokes-characters in advertising to young children is
a strategic communication tactic frequently examined, debated, and criticized by parents,
researchers, child advocates and govement officials. Although public opinion suggests
that spokes-characters influence young children's product desires, academic research has
generally failed . Although characters' action and voice may
influence a young chld's attention to an ad, the relation between spokes-characters and a
child's preference, intention, and choice of a product is uncertain.

(a) to compensate for ths drawback

(b) to demonstrate this effect
(c) to authenticate ths fact
(d) to affect this outcome

12. Let's suppose that you have a job offer here in Memphis that pays $35,000 per year.
You're not really sure that you want to stay in Memphis and you know salaries are
higher in other cities. But how do these ? Will that hgher salary in
Boston, or New York City, or Chicago actually be higher than what you could earn in
Memphis? Money magazine's web site has a "Salary Comparator" that lets you see how
things stack up. For example, in 2001, to equal the Memphis $35,000 salary, you'd have
to make $63,000 in Chcago; in Boston, you'd have to make $69,000; and in New York
City you'd have to make a whopping $104,000.

(a) salaries really stack up

(b) incomes amount to anything
(c) pay scales work correctly
(d) places of business look like
13. Edith Wharton wrote prolifically and often about class difficulties. She was so fond of
writing that she did much of it in bed, and reputedly threw an ugly tantrum when the
light in a hotel room she was occupying did not shine on it. Ethan Frome, a brief tale of
hardship and romance on a farm in New England, received positive critical attention
upon its publication in 1911 and it remains one of her most famous works. The most
well-known, though, is Z I e Age of Innocence written in 1920. Thls novel is another sad
tale of that constrain individual will.

(a) failed romance and the shackles of society

(b) a distorted human soul pestered by poverty
(c) suffering from adversities in generation gaps
(d) human endeavor to conquer the nature

14. Sustainable tourism is about preserving popular destinations, the environment and its
resources. Hotels should be designed according to sustainable principles. Businesses are
increasingly reahzing that a more sustainable approach means a longer-term business
proposition. It is now clear that the impact of last year's tsunami was
. The clearance of mangrove forests, removal of wetlands and mining
of coral reefs atl reduced natural flood defenses, making the destruction far worse than it
otherwise would have been. A more sustainable approach to development could have
saved many lives and meant that the tourism industry would still be in place in tsunami-
hit regions.

(a) exacerbated by irresponsible man-made development

(b) impassioned by the suffering of the people
(c) infuriated by the slow response of the international community
(d) exasperated by the governments poor performance
15. The Puritans were not susceptible to the charms of poetry. The strenuous life of the
pioneer left little time for cultivating any of the arts, and the spirit of New England was
too serious and too stem to permit indulgence in what was merely pleasant or beautiful.
That the Puritans were not without imagination, , is abundantly
proved by the forceful figures and impassioned rhetoric of the prose writers.

(a) however
(b) for example
(c) therefore
(d) in other words

16. Rising carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is threatening to make oceans too corrosive for
marine organisms to grow protective shells, according to researchers. If emissions
continue unabated, the entire Southem Ocean, which stretches north from the Antarctic
coastline and the subarctic regions of the Pacific Ocean will soon become so acidic that
the shells of marine creatures will soften and dissolve making them easy targets for
predators. Others will not be able to grow sufficient shells to survive.
the loss of shelled creatures at the lower end of the food chain could have disastrous
consequences for larger marine animals. North Pacific salmon, mackerel, herring, cod
and baleen whales all feed on pteropods, one of the species under imminent threat.

(a) Therefore
(b) Instead
(c) Meanwhile
(d) Moreover
Part II : =xi1 17-37

17. Queensland can give international visitors an Aussie experience not easily forgotten.
Organized tours take in Outback highlights to make it easy for you to explore national
icons such as the Austral~anStockman's Hall of Fame, School of the Air, Australian
Workers Heritage Centre and remote areas such as the fiversleigh Fossil Fields and
Lawn Hdl Gorge National Park. Stay in comfort at motels, look at the stars camping or
hire a camper van, 4WD or motor home. Enjoy a unique Aboriginal experience by
taking a guided safari, visiting a cultural festival or staying in a remote wilderness lodge.
You'll get a real Australian experience in Queensland.

Q : What is the main idea of the passage?

(a) Australia is a place that is not easily forgotten.
(b) There are many places to stay in Queensland.
(c) Organized tours are the best way to see Australia.
(d) Visitors will have an authentic Australian experience.

Dear Mr. Jake Handerson,

We are truly sony about our accounting mistakes and thank you for your speedy
response. As you requested, we are acknowledging in writing the payment made on
the sum outstanding. We thank you for your remittance of $536.60. Once more our
sincere apologies for any inconvenience we may have caused. We look forward to
doing further business with you in the future.

Yours sincerely,
Sam Martinez
Accounts Department

Q : What is the purpose of the letter?

(a) To apologize to Mr. Handersoil for the late reply
(b) To notify Mr. Handerson of accounting mistakes
(c) To ask Mr. Handerson for an expedited answer
(d) To confirm Mr. Handerson's remittance of $536.60
19. An accidental discovery has taken LED lighting to a new level, suggesting it could soon
offer a cheaper, longer-lasting alternative to the traditional light bulb. Michael Bowers, a
graduate student at Vanderbilt University, was just trying to make really small quantum
dots, which are crystals generally only a few nanometers big. When a light is shined on
quantum dots or electricity applied to them, they react by producing their own light,
normally a bright, vibrant color. But when Bowers shined a laser on his batch of dots,
something unexpected happened. The quantum dots were supposed to emit blue light,
but instead they were giving off a beautiful whlte glow.

Q : What is the main topic in this passage?

(a) A lighting revolution may be coming.
(b) Quantum dots give off a beautiful white glow.
(c) LEDs will soon replace light bulbs.
(d) Everyone will soon need their own laser.

20. You may want to think twice about printing. Many color laser printers mark the pages
they produce with mysterious tiny yellow dots that can reveal information about you and
your computer. The dots contain information about the date and time that a page was
made, as well as the serial number of the printer used. These are encoded in a simple
grid, in which the eight rows represent different values that are added up to reveal 5
kinds of information held in 15 columns. The final column, which is often blank, codes
for something that is still a mystery. The information is probably used in police inquiries
about counterfeiting to track down the source of printed documents in crime cases.

Q : What is the best title for this paragraph?

(a) Getting Copier Criminals to Document Themselves
(b) Dangerous Yellow Dots
(c) What Every Counterfeiter Should Know
(d) Your Laser Printer's Secret Codes
21. Nautiflexus equipment is designed by people who understand exercise science, proper
biomechanics and strength training techniques. At Nautiflexus, expertise in the science
of human performance goes into every piece of equipment. Our machines are designed
for stability and comfort and to provide the physical support you need to exercise with
proper form. Our name has become synonymous with ultimate performance, optimum
results, and maximum durability. If you need help choosing a Nautiflexus Solution, call
our "Request A Quote" hotline at 1-800-888-7887. We will help you make the best
purchase decision to meet your personal fitness and lifestyle goals.

Q : What is the main purpose of this advertisement?

(a) To get people to trust Nautiflexus
(b) To encourage people to call the Request A Quote hotline
(c) To introduce Nautiflexus exercise equipment
(d) To help the readers reach their exercise goals

22. Admiral Horatio Nelson and his victory at Trafalgar provide not only a fine example of
naval tactics, but also a snapshot of the social, political, economic and military character
of Britain. Nelson was a brilliant leader because his men sensed his genuine affection.
He remains the leading example of the commander who commands by love. He was
charming beyond belief, creating in everyone a feeling that he was looking after them.
Trafalgar also settled the course of world politics, establishing Britain's command of the
ocean and laying the foundations for the Victorian British Empire.

Q : What is this main passage mainly about?

(a) Horatio Nelson's excellent naval tactics at Trafalgar
(b) The importance of Trafalgar in the rise of the British Empire
(c) Why love is important in the pursuit of military victory
(d) How Admiral Nelson and Trafalgar reveal Britain's character
23. Listener fear, which goes by the technical name receiver apprehension, is a relatively
new research area in communication. It is defined as the fear of misinterpreting,
inadequately processing and not being able to adjust psychologically to messages sent by
others. A research team has connected it with motivation, evaluation, and message
complexity. We are apt to experience listener apprehension when we perceive that a
message will be vital to our lives, when we expect to be judged on how well we respond
to it, and when it challenges our ability to understand thmgs.

Q : Which of the following is correct about the passage?

(a) Listener fear and receiver apprehension are actually quite different.
(b) Listener fear, and motivation, evaluation, and message complexity are related.
(c) Being judged by others is a natural response to listener fear.
(d) Vital messages cause listener fear which cannot be overcome.

24. Virtually every wagon train on the emigrant trails in the 1860s suffered tragedy.
Dramatic tragedies with large numbers of lost lives, whde few, occurred because leaders
planned poorly or failed to follow the advice of those who knew better. The tragedy the
emigrants most feared was an Indian attack. In the beginning, most emigrants had only
favorable encounters with the native peoples. But as time passed and the number of
emigrants increased, the emigrants could no longer expect peaceful relations because
they were increasingly responsible for destroying the Indians' way of life.

Q : Which of the following is correct according to the passage?

(a) Most wagon trains in the early 1860s experienced few problems with Indians.
(b) Dramatic tragedies happened often and resulted from poor planning.
(c) Indian attacks were common during the entire era of wagon train travel.
(d) The smallest tragedy was the destiuction of the lndian way of life.
25. Experts say a ceiling fan can save up to 40 percent on your summer cooling costs and up
to 10 percent during the winter heating season. In summer, ceiling fans cool the room by
creating a "wind chill effect." For example, if you had a ceiling fan in a room that was
85 degrees, the fan would make the room feel hke 78 degrees. During colder weather, by
using the 'reverse' setting, the ceiling fan saves energy by circulating hot air that rises to
the ceiling and blowing it back down into the room.

Q : During cold weather, how is warm air circulation improved?

(a) By leaving the fan off
(b) By utilizing the wind chlll effect
(c) By making sure it has an Energy Star Label
(d) By setting the fan on reverse

26. Teesport owner PD Ports presented plans that could create 7,000 jobs in the region. PD
wants to build a new deep-sea container terminal on Teesside that would bring goods
du-ectly to the North from the Far East. If that happens, it can reduce road congestion in
the South and revitahze the economy of the Tees Valley. But Felixstowe, Harwich, and
Thamesport, have already submitted applications to the government, whlch said it was
ready to approve Thamesport and would make a decision about the others soon. If all
three are approved, Teesport's plans become unviable because the port capacity shortage
in the UK will have been met.

Q : What can be inferred from the passage?

(a) Teesport has not developed a good enough plan to get a port.
(b) Teesport plans will not be approved by the government.
(c) Teesport has the best plan and it will create 7,000 jobs.
(d) Teesport has stiff competition in the port selection process.
27. Anna Sewell wrote only one book - the famous and enduringly popular Black Beauty.
She lived as an invalid for most of her existence, and Black Beauty - the tale of a
mistreated horse with a happy ending - was written entirely in the last decade of her
life when she was confined to her house. The story came from the horse's mouth,
literally, as the horse spoke of extremes of joy and suffering. It was perhaps this
humanizing of the beast that made it such a success.

Q : Which is true about Anna Sewell according to the passage?

(a) Her disability prevented her from enjoying her life.
(b) Her book used to be very famous and popular.
(c) She was too weak and vulnerable to write any book.
(d) She became renowned through her book Black Beauty.

28. Many physicists say the next Einstein hasn't been born yet. That's because the quest for
a unified theory that would account for all the forces of nature has pushed current
mathematics to its limits. New math must be created fist. Another factor is that physics
is a much different field today. Moreover, the theoreticians intellectually able to spar
with Einstein are few, though there are thousands more physicists today. One crucial
aspect of Einstein's training that is overlooked were the years of philosophy he read as a
teenager that taught him how to think independently and abstractly about space and time.

Q : Which of the following is correct according to the passage?

(a) The next Einstein will have to create new math in order to become famous.
(b) Physicists are too narrowly focused to be able to solve Einstein type problems.
(c) Years of training in philosophy are required in order to be the next Einstein.
(d) A combination of factors militates against the creation of the next Einstein.
29. A yo-yo, a kayak, and your school lunch tray can all be made from recycled plastics.
Recycling begins, when people put used bottles, jugs, and containers in a bin for
collection. Hauled to a recycling facility, the plastic is sorted and each type of plastic is
squished into a huge bale weighing from 500 kilograms and containing 6,400 to 7,200
soda bottles. At the reclaimers, machines shred the plastic into tiny flakes, wash, rinse,
and dry it. Then the flakes are melted and put through a machine called an extruder,
which squishes the plastic into spaghetti-like strands. These plastic strands are chopped
into pellets which are bought by manufacturers to make new products.

Q : Which of the following is correct about from the passage?

(a) Anything can be made from recycled plastics such as bottles and containers.
(b) Recycling begins when plastic bottles, and containers are thrown away.
(c) All types of plastic are mixed together to make the spaghetti-like strands.
(d) Half a metric ton of plastic holds 6,400 to 7,200 soda bottles.

30. It had been believed potatoes had a much wider region of origin, stretching from Peru to
northem Argentina. But U.S. scientists have found that all modem varieties of potatoes
can be traced back to a single source - a spud grown in Peru over 7,000 years ago. The
team, led by Dr. David Spooner of the University of Wisconsin, analyzed the DNA of
about 360 potatoes, both wild and cultivated. Potatoes were brought back to Spain by the
conquistadors around 1570, and then spread throughout Europe. They were later
introduced in North America by British colonists.

Q : What can be inferred from the passage?

(a) Potatoes have been eaten and enjoyed for thousands of years around the world.
(b) Peruvian spuds have become popular because they age well.
(c) Even though the Spanish didn't like potatoes, they brought them back to Europe.
(d) Before genetic testing, no one knew that the mother of all spuds would be found in
Peru.
31. Children may have an inborn intuition about math that could be used to make learning
the real thing in school less painful. Ask a five-year old child whether the sum of 13 and
17 is greater or less than 50 and chances are you'll just get a funny look But the same
problem could be presented as a visual problem which children could solve easily. Past
studies performed on infants and non-human primates suggest that these inborn abiities
are present even before the age of five. While mathematical intuitions have been
demonstrated before, the surprising result of this study is that the children could tap into
these abilities to solve the types of arithmetic problems they might encounter in school.

Q : Which of the following is correct according to the passage?

(a) Primates and young children have no need to learn math.
(b) Learning math is necessarily painful for all young school children.
(c) Children can perform some math operations without formal training.
(d) Visual problems are clearly the best method for teaching children.

32. Boiling water when preparing infant formula was universally recommended and was
then thought to be unnecessary. However, in 1993, an outbreak of cyclosporiasis from
contaminated water in Milwaukee prompted officials to again recommend that water be
boiled when preparing mfant formula. The American Academy of Pediatrics also
recommends that water to be used for infant formula be boiled. If you don't want to boil
the water first, you could use 'sterile' bottled water instead. Bottled water that isn't
marked 'sterile' should probably still be boiled.

Q : What causes officials to advise parents to boil water when fixing infant formula?
(a) A scandal prompted by the officials in Milwaukee
(b) An epidemic caused by dirty and polluted water
(c) A commotion triggered by the pediatrics
(d) An aggravating situation provoked by sterilization
33. The Common Ground Program feeds the body and the spirit of low-income Los Lobos
County residents by helping them supplement their diets with fresh produce while
enhancing the sense of purpose and pride that comes from self-sufficiency.It assists
residents in gardening, composting, and safely handling and preserving their garden-
grown food. 60 community gardens scattered throughout the county provide fresh,
healthful produce to low-income residents who otherwise might be challenged by cost
and transportation to add fresh fruits and vegetables to their diets on a regular basis. The
gardens also have been used to train new gardeners for jobs in Los Lobos's $171 million
green industry.

Q : What is true in this article?

(a) The Common Ground Programs tries to reconcile low income people.
(b) The Common Ground Programs assist in all areas of food cultivation.
(c) Common Ground Gardens are ineffective in training gardeners.
(d) Common Ground Gardens are ineffective in combating nutrition deficiency.

34. Dyslexia, the severe reading disability, can be described as a difficulty with letters and
numbers, but at work it can be hard to spot problems. Let's take Joseph Ferguson. After
he got a promotion, which involved him in a lot more paperwork, he began struggling
with his job. He got pulled aside regularly for making mistakes in his reports and forms.
He even had to take some time off from his job because of stress, when he found
himself failing to cope with the required paperwork.

Q : What can be inferred about Joseph Ferguson from the passage?

(a) He was diagnosed with dyslexia when young.
(b) His difficulties stemmed from a reading disability.
(c) His skill in spotting others' mistakes was criticized.
(d) He tendered his resignation because of dyslexia.
35. Transgenic animals are a powerful tool for studying gene function and testing drugs.
Many human genetic diseases can be modeled by introducing the same mutation into a
mouse or other animals. Although similar genetic manipulations can be performed in
tissue culture, better results are realized in animals. The proteins, hormones,
neurotransmitters, and other components in animals with transgenes provide a more
physiologically relevant picture. With the development of transgenic livestock and
plants, new uses for this technology have become apparent, and some have potentially
great economic and medical value.

Q : Which is correct about transgenic animals according to the passage?

(a) Tissue culture is superior to transgenic animals as it provides a less complete
picture.
(b) Human genetic disease can't be modeled in transgenic animals.
(c) Intact organisms with transgenes provide better research results.
(d) Not much is likely to come out of using transgenic animals in research.

36. We expect the Internet to be a nice, tidy library staffed by helpful reference librarians.
Actually, it more resembles a giant refrigerator covered with old cartoons. Somewhere
on that refrigerator, under the dry-cleaning receipts and photo Christmas cards of babies
who are entering college is an important article. Not only is it important, it's from a peer-
reviewed medical journal evaluating ultrasound as a valid follow-up diagnostic technique
after an abnormal mammogram. It's that article that you need now. But after you type in
"ultrasound," you have to sift through the "7,235 matches found" to get it.

Q : What can be inferred from the passage?

(a) Finding the article is like looking in an ultrasound haystack with 7,235 needles in it.
(b) The Internet is a well-organized and designed warehouse for resource materials.
(c) The Internet is useful because search engines can't arrange its content well.
(d) Librarians would be a great real time addition to the search engines.
People perceived as the most likely to succeed might also be the most likely to crumble
under pressure. A new study finds that individuals with high working-memory capacity,
which normally allows them to excel, do worse on simple exams. Those with less
capacity score low, too, but they tend not to be affected by pressure. The pressure causes
verbal wonies, like 'Oh no, I can't screw up.' These thoughts reside in the working
memory. Negative thoughts take up space that would otherwise be pondering the task at
hand. People with lower working-memory capacities are not using that capacity to begin
with, so they're not affected by pressure.

Q : What can be inferred from the passage?

(a) People should be tested for high working-memory capacity and then given =cult
exams.
(b) Low working memory capacity people are never affected by pressure.
(c) High working memory capacity is both a blessing and a curse.
(d) Smart people and high working memory capacity people are different.
38. It's a time-honored Halloween ritual: children getting dressed up as scary creatures and
trick-or-treating. (a) On the night of October 31, the Celts celebrated Sarnhain, when it
was believed that the ghosts of the dead returned to earth. (b) But, unfortunately, parents
feel they must protect their children from sinister strangers. (c) Each year, police and
medical centers across the country follow another ritual. (d) Parents ask them to X-ray
candies, even though hazardous objects are rarely found.

39. One-fourth of the doctors in North America, Britain and Austraha are immigrants.
(a) They also attended medical schools in those countries. (b) This has contributed to a
"brain drain" that deprives poor countries of good medical cxe. (c) Three-quarters of the
physicians who come to rich countries hail from less-developed ones grappling with
AIDS and other health scourges. (d) They come to the U.S. and after completing their
residencies, they leave the U.S. and practice medicine at home.

40. One of the aspects of dependency is that it is unconcerned with spiritual growth.
(a) Dependent people are interested in their own nourishment, but no more. (b) They
desire filling, and they desire to be happy. (c) They desire to grow, and are very willing
to tolerate the unhappiness, the loneliness and suffering involved in growth. (d) Dependent
people don't care about the spiritual growth of the other and they care only that the other
is there to satisfy them.