ELECTRICAL WORKSHOP

Aim: Study of Domestic Electrical Wiring System.

TOOLS REQUIRED:

INSULATED COMBINATIOM PLIER :

It is used for cutting, TWISTING OF WIRES AND holding round and flat jobs.

LONG NOSE PLIER:

It is used for connecting and disconnecting small wires in narrow spaces. It is also used
for tightening and loosening nuts in narrow places like long holes.

SCREW DRIVERS :

They are of different sizes and of different working edges. They are used for
tightening and loosening screws.

TEST LAMP: A lamp holder with a lamp and two connected wire is called a test lamp. It is
used for testing supply.

HACKSAW: It is used for cutting conduit pipes, G.I pipes, PVC casing and capping,
wooden strips and small pieces of iron.
 NEON TESTER: It is used for testing supply.

PINCER: It is used for extracting nails from the wood.

BALL PEEN HAMMER: It is used for fitting nails, working with clips, for
riveting purposes.

WIRE STRIPPER: It is used for stripping off insulation from a wire.

CABLE CUTTER: It is used for cutting cables and wires.

PORTABLE ELECTRIC DRILL: It is used for making holes in wood,

metals and concrete walls.

MATERIALS REQUIRED:

SWITHES: A switch is used to make or break the electric circuit.

1) SINGLE POLE ONE WAY SWITCH: A single pole switch is used for
controlling a single polarity of wire i.e phase or live wire.
 2) TWO WAY SWITCH: The two way switches are used for wiring circuits
which are to be controlled from two points independently.

3) SOCKET OUTLET: It is used to provide tapings from supply

terminals to the electrical fixture such as table fan, printer, etc.

4) LAMP HOLDERS: The function of lamp holder is to hold the lamp

and connect it electrically to supply terminals.
a) Batten lamp holder: It is fixed over round blocks or
wooden boards with two to three wooden screws.

5) 3 PIN PLUG: It is inserted in the socket outlet to take supply from it.

6) INDICATOR LAMP: It is used for indicating that the supply is available.

7) FAN REGULATOR: It is used for controlling the speed of the fan.

 8) STRANDED P.V.C INSULATED CABLES:
a) 1/18: This size of cable is used for current capacity upto 5 amperes. It has single
strand of standard wire guage(S.W.G) no 18.
b) 3/22: This size of cable is used for current capacity upto 10 amperes. It has three
strand of standard wire guage (S.W.G) no 22.
c) 3/20: This size of cable is used for current capacity upto 15 amperes. It has three
strand of standard wire guage(S.W.G) no 20.
d) 7/22: This size of cable is used for current capacity upto 20 amperes. It has 7 strand
of standard wire guage(S.W.G) no 22.

9) CEILING ROSES: The ceiling roses are

used to provide a tapping to fluorescent tube or a ceiling
fan through the flexible wire.

10) INSULATION TAPE.

11) PVC CASING AND CAPPING.

NOTE: THE TOOLS AND THE MATERIALS REQUIRED ARE COMMON FOR ALL THE THREE
DEMONSTRATIONS.
DEMONSTRATION NO. 1: Study of house wiring and connection inside the switch board.

QUESTION: How electric supply comes to our house?

ANSWER: Figure shows how supply comes to our houses. From a pole of overhead lines
through service line or from sub-main in the street(L.T.Pillar), through underground cable to
the house, electric supply enters to our house. The supply comes direct in energy meter fixed
by supply authority. After energy meter the live and neutral wires are controlled in fuse and
link supplied by supply authority. then comes to owner’s main switch(ICDP). After passing
through ICDP wires are again controlled in distribution box which may be three, four, five or
more ways. Separate phase and neutral from distribution board goes in different rooms for
every eight to ten points. Nowadays instead of fuse grips, miniature circuit breakers are used
and instead of ICDP automatic isolators are used.
SWITCHBOARD:

A typical room of a residential building is provided with a 3-pin socket outlet, a ceiling fan
light and a lamp, each controlled by their individual switch , as shown in figure. Note that the
switches are inserted in live wire, so that after switching off , repair at the holder or ceiling
rose can be done without any shock hazard. Switch S1 controls the three pin socket outlet.
The top hole of this socket is connected to the earth wire. Switch S2 is used to switch on or
off the ceiling fan. The fan regulator in this circuit introduces appropriate resistances for its
different settings to control the speed of the ceiling g fan. Switch S3 controls the tube light
and switch S4 controls the lamp.
 DEMONSTRATION NO. 2 STUDY OF STAIRCASE WIRING

DAIGRAM:

Two- Way Switch:

This switch has three terminals. In one position of the switch, the central
terminal; makes contact with the upper terminal and in the other position it makes contact with
the lower terminal. In this sense it is a single pole double throw switch. The movement of its dolly
(movable lever) makes two-way connection.

Staircase Wiring:

Normally, only a single light lamp is provided in a staircase which is

controlled by either of the two switches- one installed at the top and other at the bottom. This can be
achieved by using two-way switches S1 and S2, as shown in figure above. In the given position, the
central terminal COM of switch S1 is connected to its upper terminal A1 and also the central
terminal COM of switch S2 is connected to its upper terminal A2. The circuit is complete and the
lamp is on. Now, changing of either switch will break the circuit to make the lamp off. Again, the
lamp can be switched on by either switch. Thus, a person climbing up the stairs or going down the
stairs can switch on the light at one end and switch it off on reaching the other end.
DEMONSTRATION NO. 3: STUDY OF GODOWN OR STORE WIRING:

DAIGRAM:

Godown Wiring:
This type of wiring is needed in big godowns having many rooms. When a person
leaves one room to enter the next, just by clicking a switch the light lamp of the earlier room should
be switch off and the next room light should be switched on simultaneously.

This can be achieved by using one one-way

switch S1 and two two-way switches S2 and S3 for a three-room godown as shown in figure above.
A person entering the godown puts on the switch S1. The circuit of the lamp L1 is completed and it
becomes on. After finishing his work in room 1, he approaches switch S2 and changes its position.
By doing so, the circuit of lamp L1 is broken but the circuit of lamp L2 gets completed. Thus, the
lamp L1 becomes off and lamp L2 becomes on. Next, he leaves room 2 and before entering room 3
changes the position of switch S3. This makes the lamp L2 off and lamp L3 on.
On his return, he first operates switch S3
making lamp L3 off and lamp L2 on. Next, he operates switch S2, which makes lamp L2 off and
lamp L1 on. Lastly, by operating switch S1 the lamp L1 is put off.
LIST OF QUESTIONS:

1) Name any three tools used for performing electrical wiring?

2) Out of the two wires in electrical wiring switches are always placed in ___________________.

3) In the figure shown, if the point A1 of two-way switch S1 is making contact with B1 and point
A2 of second two-way switch S2 is making contact with B2 will the lamp glow.

Answer: ______________.
 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS TO BE OBSERVED WHILE DOING ELECTRICAL WIRING:

01.____________________________________________________________________

02.____________________________________________________________________

03.____________________________________________________________________

04.____________________________________________________________________

05.____________________________________________________________________

Ø SCHEDULE OF DEMONSTRATION COMPLETION:

DATE
Signature of Instructor
Starting Finishing

Ø ASSESMENT SCHEME:

Assessment Criteria Grade

1.Drawing

2.Knowledge of wiring connections

3.Knowladge of tools used & operations shown

4.Knowledge of safety

Signature of Teacher with date