Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
electrolitos fuertes.
Equipo:
✔ Carbajal Carbajal
Cristian A.
✔ Martínez Islas David
✔ Ponce Eguiluz Paulina
I. OBJETIVO GENERAL.
I. PROBLEMA
Tabla 1.
Temperatura (°C)
Sistema H2O NaCl/H2O
tiempo
(min) 0.0 m 0.25m 0.50 m 0.75 m 1.0 m
0.00 25 20.9 20.4 20.5 20.7
0.50 3.9 10 0.1 0.3 3
1.00 0.3 3.6 -4.4 -3.3 -6.1
1.50 -0.3 -0.5 -2.2 -3.2 -4.1
2.00 -0.4 -3 -2.3 -4.2 -4.2
2.50 -0.4 -1.4 -3.4 -5.2 -5.9
3.00 -0.4 -1.5 -3.5 -5.7 -7.3
3.50 -1.7 -5.2
4.00 -2.3 -7.0
4.50 -2.4
5.00 -3.9
5.50 -6.6
6.00
Tabla 2.
Temperatura (°C)
Sistema H2O CaCl2/H2O
tiempo
(min) 0.0 m 0.25m 0.50 m 0.75 m 1.0 m
0.00 25 19.8 20.9 21.5 20.8
0.50 3.9 1.0 -2.8 -3.7 -1.5
1.00 0.3 -1.9 -3.3 -5.1 -6.7
1.50 -0.3 -2.3 -3.8 -5.9 -7.5
2.00 -0.3 -2.6 -4.2 -6.4 -8.0
2.50 -0.4 -4.9 -7.0 -10.0 -11.0
3.00 -0.4 -7.0 -11.8 -11.9 -13.9
3.50 -0.4 -14.7 -15.4
4.00
Tabla 3.
m/(moles
kg-1) t/(°C) T(K) ∆T/(K)
NaCl/Agua
0.0 -0.4 272.75 0
0.25 -1.4 271.75 1
0.5 -2.2 270.95 1.8
0.75 -3.3 269.85 2.9
1.0 -4.1 269.05 3.7
CaCl2/Agua
0.25 -2.3 270.85 1.9
0.5 -3.3 269.85 2.9
0.75 -5.1 268.05 4.7
1.0 -6.7 266.45 6.3
Algoritmo de cálculo.
a. Calcular la disminución de la temperatura de congelación en
las disoluciones
∆Tf=Tf°-Tf
NaCl
1. 272.75-271.75=1
CaCl2
2. 272.15-270.85= 1.9
∆Tf=iKcm
NaCl
1. ∆Tfus.25m=21.860.25=0.93 K
2. ∆Tfus.50m=1.86 K
3. ∆Tfus.75m=2.79 K
4. ∆Tfus1m=3.72 K
CaCl2
1. ∆Tfus.25m=31.860.25=1.40 K
2. ∆Tfus.50m=2.79 K
3. ∆Tfus.75m=4.79 K
4. ∆Tfus1m=5.58 K
∆Tf=iKcm
Donde;
i: factor de van’t Hoff
Kc: constante crioscópica del agua
m : concentración molal (mol/kg)
i*∆TfusnE= ∆TfusE
∆TfusnE=∆Tfus Ei
Experimental Teórico
Conclusiones:
Bibliografía: