PATHOPHYSILOGY of INGUINAL HERNIA

Predisposing Factor: Precipitating Factor:

-Age (Older) -Prolonged Standing, lifting,

-Straining to have bowel
-Family History of Hernia movement
-Sex (90% Males) -Obesity, Heavy Lifting, Coughing
-Diseases (Ascites,
Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt,
COPD)
-Cigarette Smoking
-Lack of Exercise
-Surgical Procedures
-Chronic Constipation
-Standing for long period of time

Increased pressure in abdominal compartment

Weakness of Intra-abdominal wall and which spermatic cord emerges

Weakness of Inguinal canal into scrotum

Direct Inguinal Hernia

Affect function of posterior inguinal
Improper closure of inguinal area wall

Increased intra abdominal

Indirect Inguinal Hernia pressure
Stragulation Protruded Bowel
(Narrow Neck) muscle weakness

Rest in Inguinal Canal Inguinal ring remains open

Move down in Scrotum
 Vague Discomfort Hernia contents slides in P
out of abdominal defect

Lumps Hesselback triangle

area
Bulge at one or both
Sides of groin Transversalis Facia
Inflammation weakened
Signs and Symptoms may increase in size
-Aching
-Burning Swollen or Enlarged Scrotum Degeneration and
-Gurgling Sensation and fatty changes
Of aponeurosis

Segments of intestine prolapsed

Through the defect of anterior Feeling of Pain and
Abdominal wall Weakness discomfort
Mass Below inguinal Ligament

Sequestration of fluid in the lumen Palpable impulse Swollen or

enlarged
of the herniated bowel generated by the sac
Scrotum with its content

Impairs lymphatic and venous drainage

Inflammation impaired blood supply

Swelling

Increases intraluminal Pressure

Congestion of wall

Intravasations of blood into the hernia sac

Bowel wall loses pinkish and shining color
Dull congested bowel segment

Loss of tone within bowel wall

Bacterial proliferation

Subsequent infection of blood-stained fluid in the hernia sac

Gangrene

Not Treated: Perforation and Peritonitis