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H
- MÉTODO DA SECANTE
f ( x n ) − f ( x n −1 )
f ′( x) ≈
x n − x n −1
f ( xn ) f ( xn )
x n +1 = x n − ⇔ x n +1 = x n − ⇔
f ′ ( xn ) f ( x n ) − f ( x n −1 )
x n − x n −1
f ( xn )( xn − xn −1 )
⇔ x n +1 = x n − ⇔
f ( x n ) − f ( x n −1 )
xn ( f ( xn ) − f ( xn −1 )) − f ( xn )( xn − xn −1 )
⇔ x n +1 = ⇔
f ( x n ) − f ( x n −1 )
x n −1 ⋅ f ( x n ) − x n ⋅ f ( x n −1 )
x n +1 = para n= 1, 2, 3,...
f ( x n ) − f ( x n −1 )
Interpretação Gráfica
Pág. 1
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© Eng. António Jorge Gonçalves de Gouveia
Colégio de S. Gonçalo Cálculo Numérico
- Amarante -
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I
- MÉTODO DA FALSA POSIÇÃO
a −b
c=a+ ⋅ f (a )
f (b ) − f ( a )
f ( x ) ⇒ função qualquer
g ( x ) ⇒ recta que contém os extremos a e b
g ( c ) = mc + k = 0 ⇒ k = − mc
Pág. 2
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© Eng. António Jorge Gonçalves de Gouveia
Colégio de S. Gonçalo Cálculo Numérico
- Amarante -
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g ( x ) = mx − mc = m( x − c) (7)
f (a )
c=a− (8)
m
f (a) f ( b ) ⋅ (b − a )
c=a− ⇔c=a− ⇔
f (b ) − f ( a ) f (b ) − f ( a )
b−a
b−a
⇔c=a− ⋅ f (a ) ⇔
f (b ) − f ( a )
a −b
⇔c=a+ c.q.d.
f (b ) − f ( a )
Exemplo:
f ( x ) = 1. 5 x − tg ( x ) − 0.1
Pág. 3
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© Eng. António Jorge Gonçalves de Gouveia
Colégio de S. Gonçalo Cálculo Numérico
- Amarante -
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Resolução:
a b f (a) f (b ) a −b f ( c)
c=a+
f (b ) − f ( a )
0.5000000000 1.000 0.1036975102 -0.1574077246 0.6985741692 +
0.6985741692 = 0.1080073373 = 0.8212356382 +
0.8212356382 = 0.0574813570 = 0.8690538804 +
0.8690538804 = 0.0205288250 = 0.8841613442 +
0.8841613442 = 0.0062753880 = 0.8886024410 +
0.8886024410 = 0.0018258960 = 0.8898798122 +
0.8898797122 = 0.0005235960 = 0.8902448985 +
0.8902448985 = 0.0001495200 = 0.8903490549 +
0.8903490549 = 0.0000426465 = 0.8903787546 +
0.8903787546 = 0.0000121590 = 0.8903872221 +
0.8903872221 = 0.0000034660 = 0.8903896361 +
0.8903896361 = 0.0000009880 = 0.8903903243 +
0.8903903243 = 0.0000002810 = 0.8903905205 +
Pág. 4
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© Eng. António Jorge Gonçalves de Gouveia