Lighterage -- The loading or unloading of a ship by means of a lighter (barge),

especially when shallow waters prevent an ocean going vessel from approaching a
berth, or if berths are unavailable.

The process of transferring cargo between vessels of different sizes, usually

between a barge and a bulker or oil tanker. It is undertaken to reduce a vessel's
draft in order to enter port facilities which cannot accept very large ocean-going
vessels.

Towage - the act of having one ship or boat pull (tow) another. The puller is
referred to as the tug, while the vessel pulled is referred to as the tow. Ships
specialized for towing are called tugboats. Ships without motive power, which can
only be moved by towing, are called barges. It is usually, but not always, provided
by specialized vessels commonly referred to as tugs or tug boats and towage can
also refer to the money due for towage services as in "towage fees

Anchorage - the temporary imobolization of a vessel near land through the use of
some fixing of the boat to the land under the water bed. historically, anchorage
referred to the tax, duty or toll payable to secure a vessel, the term is now also
used to refer to the right to secure a boat by use of an anchor, whether a tax, duty
or toll is demanded or not.

In determining whether a vessel was at anchor or not, Justice Merrivale adopted

these words, in Palembang:

"The true criterion ... must be whether the vessel be actually holden by or under
the control of her anchor, or not. The moment she ceases to be so, she is in the
category of a vessel under way....”

lazarettos - a storage space below deck in the stern of a ship or boat where
provisions are stored. Also called, glory hole

Victuals \\Vict"ual\\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Victualedor; Victualled; p. pr. & vb. n.

Victualing or Victualling.]

- To supply with provisions for subsistence; to provide with food; to store

with sustenance; to victual a ship.\b victualler\b0 - a supply ship, esp one
carrying foodstuffs

Barratry - An intentional wrongful act committed by the crew or master of a ship

to the prejudice of the owner or the charterer. Includes every wrongful act willfully
committed by the master or crew to the prejudice of the owner, or, as the case may
be, the charterer. It implies an intentional injury; is does not embrace cases of
negligence

Jowitt's Dictionary of English Law gives the following examples of barratrous

conduct:

"... running away with the ship, sinking her, deserting her or stealing the cargo ...
but in English law, no mere negligence or default, no mater what loss may be
caused thereby, will constitute barratry
Roadstead - a protected place near shore, not as enclosed as a harbor, where
ships can anchor. A roadstead is a place outside a harbor where a ship can lie at
anchor. It is an enclosed area with an opening to the sea, narrower than a bay or
gulf.

Scuttle-

1. A small opening or hatch with a movable lid in the deck or hull of a ship or
in the roof, wall, or floor of a building.

2. The lid or hatch of such an opening.

Scuttled, scuttling, scuttles

a. To cut or open a hole or holes in (a ship's hull).\par

b. To sink (a ship) by this means.\par

c. Scuttling is the act of deliberately sinking a ship by allowing water to flow

into the hull

This can be achieved in several ways \endash valves or hatches can be opened to
the sea, or holes may be ripped into the hull with brute force or with explosives.

Bottomry

A contract in nature of a mortgage of a ship on which the owner borrows money to

enable him to fit out the ship, or to purchase a cargo for a voyage proposed: and he
pledges the keel or bottom of the ship, pars pro toto, as a security for the
repayment; and it is stipulated that if the ship should be lost in the course of the
voyage by any of the perils enumerated in the contract, the lender also shall lose
his money but if the ship should arrive in safety, then he shall receive back his
principal and also the interest agreed upon, which is generally called marine
interest. However this may exceed the legal rate of interest. Not only the ship and
tackle, if they arrive safe, but also the person of the borrower, is liable for the
money lent and the marine interest.

The contract of bottomry should specify the principal lent and the rate of marine
interest agreed upon; the subject on which the loan is effected the names of the
vessel and of the master those of the lender and borrower whether the loan be for
an entire voyage; for what voyage and for what space of time; and the period of re-
payment.

Bottomry differs materially from a simple loan. In a loan the money is at the risk of
the borrower and must be paid at all events. But in bottomry, the money is at the
risk of the lender during the voyage. Upon a loan, only legal interest can be
received; but upon bottomry any interest may be legally reserved which the parties
agree upon.

Respondentia - A loan of money on maritime interest, on goods laden on board

of a ship, which, in the course of the voyage must, from their nature, be sold or
exchanged, upon this condition, that if the goods should be lost in the course of the
voyage, by any of the perils enumerated in the contract, the lender shall lose his
money; if not, that the borrower shall pay him the sum borrowed, with the interest
agreed upon. The contract is called respondentia, because the money is lent on the
personal responsibility of the borrower. It differs principally from bottomry, in the
following circumstances: bottomry is a loan on the ship; respondentia is a loan upon
the goods. The money is to be repaid to the lender, with maritime interest, upon the
arrival of the ship, in the one case and of the goods, in the other. In all other
respects the contracts are nearly the same, and are governed by the same
principles. In the former, the ship and tackle, being hypothecated, are liable, as well
as the person of the borrower; in the latter, the lender has, in general, only the
personal security of the borrower.