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Parameter Determination of an Induction Motor by using Matlab/Simulink

Objective: The main objective of this simulation is to obtain induction motor approximate equivalent circuit
parameters by simulating induction motor tests. The procedure consists of the following simulations:
1. No load test (no_load)
2. Variable frequency blocked rotor test (blocked_rotor)

For the tests, we use the Matlab Power System Blockset and Simulink which provide models of power systems such
as induction motors, transformers, etc. The induction motor used in these simulations has the following nameplate
information and the equivalent circuit parameters.

Nameplate Information:

Rated Power: 5 HP (5x746 W)


Rated Voltage: 208 V
Rated current: 15.7 A
Rated Frequency: 60 Hz
Rated Speed: 1735 rpm
Number of poles: 4
Squirrel cage

Figure 1: Per-phase approximate equivalent circuit of an induction motor

Equivalent circuit parameters:


R1 = 0.428 Ω, L1 = L2 = 1.926 mH, R2 = 0.551 Ω and Lm = 31.2 mH

No-Load Test:

The no-load test on the induction motor measures the rotational losses of the motor. In this test, a rated balance AC
voltage (120 V rms per-phase) with rated frequency (60 Hz) is applied to the stator and rotor runs without any load.
The Simulink diagram for the no-load test is given in Fig. 2. Observe that a Y-connected 3-phase ideal voltage
(phase A, phase B and phase C) source is connected to the stator windings. In order to fill the parameters of voltage
source, please double click on any of the voltage sources. Notice that a zero mechanical load is applied to the
rotor of the induction motor (input terminal Tm) to simulate to the no-load condition. Some measurement
blocks have been added to the diagram to measure some of the electrical and mechanical quantities. Of those are:
Real and reactive power for phase A (phase_A_power), the rms currents of the phases (abc_rms_currents),
mechanical speed (mech_speed, Wm), electrical torque (elect_torque, Te) etc. Using the data, you will able to
compute the rotational losses of the motor and and magnetizing reactance & resistance ( jXm + Rc ). For simulation,
please follow the steps below:

1. Constitute the circuit shown in Fig.2 in Matlab/Simulink environment. Run simulation (Simulation/Start).

2. Obtain the phase A rms current, say IA from the phase A current display.

3. Double click on the power_scope to see the waveforms of phase A real and reactive input powers. Note that
purple color is the reactive input power while yellow color is the active input power. In order to get the numerical
values, type phase_a_power in the MATLAB workspace. The first component of the last row is the phase A input
real power, say Pa and the second component is the phase A input reactive power, say Qa

4. Double click on the scope called Wm to see the waveform of the mechanical speed in rad per second. In order to
get the numerical value, type mech_speed in the MATLAB workspace and again the last row is the mechanical
speed in rad per second, Wm.
+
- v phase_a_power
Voltage Measurement V
PQ To Workspace
I
Active & Reactive Scope3
Power

signal rms 0
RMS2
i
+ - busbar
Current Measurement A a

B b

C c

Tm m
Va Vb Vc + ir,is (A)
- v
Voltage Measurement1 Scope6 Asynchronous Machine ir_abc
SI Units ir_a (A)
10 is_abc
m is_a (A)
Constant wm
N (rpm) phasea_rms_stator_current
Te
+ To Workspace1
Machines Te (N.m)
- v
Voltage Measurement2 Scope5 Measurement mec_speed
Demux
To Workspace2

elec_torque
To Workspace3

Figure 2: Simulink diagram for no-load test

5. For your lab report:

• Provide all the data in table format such that:


Va (V) Vb (V) Vc (V) Ia (A) Ib (A) Ic (A) Pa (W) Qa (Var) Te (Nm) Wm
(rad/s)

• Compute the slip speed (s %) in no load condition.


• Compute three-phase total-input real power: P3φ = 3PA
• Compute the magnetizing reactance & resistance.

Blocked Rotor Test

The blocked rotor test (locked rotor test) is performed to determine the approximate equivalent circuit parameters of
an induction motor. This test corresponds to the short-circuit test on a transformer. In this test, the rotor is blocked so
that it cannot move, a voltage less than the rated voltage is applied to the motor. The resulting current, voltage and
power measurements enable us to compute the induction motor parameters. Fig. 3 shows the Simulink diagram for
the blocked rotor test. We use the same induction motor parameters as the no-load test. However, in order to simulate
blocked rotor condition we set the inertia of the rotor to infinite. Please double click on the induction motor block
to see its parameters including the infinite (inf) inertia. Make sure that you understand all the blocks and their
properties in the Simulink diagram before you run the simulation. In this test, the rotor is locked. A three-phase AC
voltage is applied to the motor and adjusted to an appropriate value so that the current flow of each phase is equal to
its rated value. Recall that the rated current is 15.7 A. You will run the simulation at various frequencies and obtain
data on phase A current (Ia), phase A rms voltage (Va) and phase A input real and reactive powers (Pa, Qa). For
simulation, please follow the steps below:

1. Constitute the circuit shown in Fig. 3 in Matlab/Simulink environment. Run simulation (Simulation/Start).
Double click on each AC voltage source and set the peak amplitude and frequency to 37.7 V and 60 Hz. Do not
change the phase.
2. Run simulation (Simulation/Start)
3. Obtain the phase A rms current, say Ia from the phase a current display. Make sure that it is approximately equal
to the rated current, 15.7 A. If not, you should adjust the voltage source such that you will get Ia close to the rated
current.
4. Double click on the power_scope to see the waveforms of phase A real and reactive input powers. Note that
purple color is the reactive input power while yellow color is the active input power. In order to get the numerical
values, type phase_a_power in the MATLAB workspace. The first component of the last row is the phase A input
real power, say Pa and the second component is the phase A input reactive power, say Qa.
5. Double click on the scope (red color) called wm to see the waveform of the mechanical speed in rad per second.
It must be exactly zero since the rotor is blocked.
6. Record all the data

+
- v phase_a_power
Voltage Measurement V
PQ To Workspace
I
Active & Reactive Scope3
Power

signal rms 0
RMS2
i
+ - busbar
Current Measurement A a

B b

C c

Tm m
Va Vb Vc + ir,is (A)
- v
Voltage Measurement1 Scope6 Asynchronous Machine ir_abc
SI Units ir_a (A)
10 is_abc
m is_a (A)
Constant wm
N (rpm) phasea_rms_stator_current
Te
+ To Workspace1
Machines Te (N.m)
- v
Voltage Measurement2 Scope5 Measurement mec_speed
Demux
To Workspace2

elec_torque
To Workspace3

Figure 3: Simulink diagram for blocked rotor test

7. For your lab report:


• Provide all the data at each frequency in a table format such as:
Va peak(V) Va rms (V) Ia (A) Pa (W) Qa (Var) Wm (rad/s)

• Compute the equivalent winding resistance and reactances.(Assume R1=R2’ & X1=X2’)
• Draw the per phase approximate equivalent circuit of the induction motor indicating the parameter that you have
computed. Compare your results with the parameters of induction motor. Comment on your results.

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