MATERIAL SYSTEMS. PURE SUBSTANCES AND MIXTURES.

1.- Gap-fill exercise; fill in all the gaps using the following words or groups of
words:

a) dissolves b) excellent solvent c) good d) lot of minerals dissolved e) mixture

f) mixture g) molecules h) nitrogen i) not as j) only one k) other gases
l) oxygen m) pure n) pure o) pure p) seawater.

In Chemistry a ……………………… substance contains ………………………

substance alone and nothing else.

……………………… water for example contains only ……………………… of water.

There is a lot of water on the Earth but it is not said to be ………………………

because water is an ……………………….

It …………………. a lot of salt in it. …………………. especially has a lot of salt.

The water we drink is also a ………………………… with a ………………………….

They are necessary for our ………………………… health. This water is

………………………… salty as seawater.

The air we breathe is also a ………………………. It contains about 21%

……………………… and 78% ……………………… and ……………………… in
small amounts.

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2-. Choose the only correct answer.

1. Air contains 78 percent nitrogen, 21 percent oxygen, and one percent argon.
Which gas is the solvent?
A) Oxygen.
B) Argon.
C) Nitrogen.
D) None of the above.

2. A solid solute that comes back out of solution is called a(n) _________ .

A) suspension
B) aqueous
C) solvent
D) precipitate

3. __________ is the maximum amount of a solute that can be dissolved in a

given amount of solvent at a given temperature.
A) Concentration
B) Polarity
C) Solubility
D) Supersaturation

4. A mixture that appears to have the same composition, colour and density, and
is mixed at the molecular level is called a(n) __________.
A) element
B) suspension
C) solution
heterogeneous mixture
D)

5. Stir 500 g of caesium chloride into 200 g of water at 20°C. If 127 g sink to the
bottom of the container, what is the solubility of caesium chloride in water at
20°C?
A) 127.

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 B) 186.5.
C) 286.5.
D) 373.
6. Matter that has fixed composition is a __________.

A) mixture
B) substance
C) solid
D) solution

7. A mixture in which the substances are not mixed evenly is called

__________.
A) homogeneous
B) precipitated
C) a solution
D) heterogeneous

8. A(n) __________ is the substance being dissolved in a solution.

A) substrate
B) solute
C) solvent
D) insolvent

9. ________ are combinations of substances that can be separated by physical

processes.
A) Compounds
B) Mixtures
C) Atoms
D) Elements

10. Which of the following is a compound?

A) Blood.
B) Brass.
C) Air.
D) Water.

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11. Sterling silver contains 92.5 percent silver and 7.5 percent copper. Which
substance is the solute?
A) Platinum.
B) Solids do not form solutions.
C) Copper.
D) Silver.

12. A solution in which water is the solvent is called a(n) __________ solution.

A) aqueous
B) heterogeneous
C) saturated
D) nonpolar

13. The process for separating air is called __________.

A) homogenization
B) precipitation
C) emulsification
D) fractionation

14. Which of the following is a solution?

A) Chlorine.
B) Milk.
C) Salt water.
D) Muddy water.

15. A(n) __________ is made of two or more elements chemically combined in

fixed ratios.
A) mixture
B) solution
C) atom

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 D) compound

16. A solution that contains all the solute it can hold at a given temperature is
__________.
A) saturated
B) unsaturated
C) supersaturated
D) soluble

17. When the temperature of a liquid solvent increases, the amount of solute that
can dissolve in it __________.
A) decreases by one degree Celsius for every millilitre of solvent
B) remains constant
C) increases
D) decreases

18.

What is the solubility of potassium chloride in grams per 100 g of water at

60° C?

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 A) 40.
B) 45.
C) 55.
D) 50.

19. At which temperature is the solubility of potassium chloride the same as the
solubility of sodium chloride?
A) 5°C.
B) 20°C.
C) 45°C.
D) 100°C.

20. Which of the following is true about all aqueous solutions?

A) All are extremely concentrated.

B) They have more than three solutes.
C) Water is the solvent in all of them.
D) All have a gas as a solute.