The latest Open Source Software Available and the Latest Development in ICT

NAMA: Loh Yan Wen

TINGKATAN: 5 Efisien

NO IC: 940715-10-5610
1.0 Introduction
Meaning of Open Source Software (OSS)

Open source software (OSS) is defined as computer software for which the source code and certain other rights
normally reserved for copyright holders are provided under a software license that meets the Open Source
Definition or that is in the public domain. This permits users to use, change, and improve the software, and to
redistribute it in modified or unmodified forms.

Meaning of Hardware

In general term, hardware refers to the physical artifacts of a technology or physical components of a computer
system in form of computer hardware. A computer's hardware consists of the physical components necessary to
operate and interact with a computer.

Meaning of Software

Software is a general term for the various kinds of program used to operate computers and related devices. It
cannot be picked up or weighed but is required to make hardware do anything. Software is often divided
into application software (programs that do work users are directly interested in) and system software (which
includes operating systems and any program that supports application software).
2.0 The Latest Open Source Operating System (OS)

2.1 Meaning of Open Source OS

Open Source Operating System is the most important program that runs on a computer that is free to use,
change, and improve the software, and to redistribute it in modified or unmodified forms. Every general-
purpose computer must have an operating system to run other programs. Operating systems perform basic
tasks, such as recognizing input from the keyboard, sending output to the display screen, keeping track of files
and directories on the disk, and controlling peripheral devices such as disk drives and printers.

2.2 Examples of Open Source OS

Kubuntu Linux

A user friendly operating system based on KDE, the K Desktop Environment. With a predictable 6
month release cycle and part of the Ubuntu project, Kubuntu is the GNU/Linux distribution for everyone.
Improved desktop, updated applications and increased usability features are just a few of the surprises with this
latest released on 8 June 2011.

Fedora Linux

Since its first version, in 2003, the Fedora Linux has been the best place to track the leading edge of
Linux and Open Source Software. But in 10 May 2010, the Fedora was released the latest of its project. A
Linux-based operating system that showcases the latest in free and open source software. Fedora is always free
for anyone to use, modify, and distribute. It is built by people across the globe who work together as a
community: the Fedora Project. The Fedora Project is open and anyone is welcomed to join.
3.0 The Latest Open Source Application Software

3.1 Meaning of Open Source Application Software

Open Source Application Software (also called as end-user programs) includes database programs, word
processors, and spreadsheets. It is free to use, change, and improve the software, and to redistribute it in
modified or unmodified forms.

3.2 Examples of Open Source Application Software

Open Office

An office application set (for word processing, spreadsheet manipulation, picture drawing and data base
access) compatible with all other major office application sets such as Office and available for Windows and
Mac as well as Linux and other UNIX systems. As November 2009, the latest of Open Office were distributed.
The latest Open Office was capable to support over 110 languages.

Squirrel Mail

The latest of Squirrel mail was released on July 2009 which is an email application (for reading and
writing email through a web client program) supporting IMAP and SMTP and available for Windows and Mac
as well as Linux and other UNIX systems.
4.0 The Latest Development in ICT

4.1 Hardware (Lexmark X8350 and Lexmark X9575 Professional)

Lexmark X8350 is a printer that can prints up to 19 ppm colour and up to 25 ppm black. This printer also can
print, copy, scan, fax, reduce and enlarge photos and documents. The exclusive Lexmark Photo Editor Software
enhances photos. Beside that, this printer also can fax with 89 speed dials and 10 groups with 30 numbers per
group, 5 quick dial buttons, Caller ID and distinctive ring detection. Users also can adjust ringer volume, call
waiting disable capability, automatic redial, confirmation, error and activity reports, broadcast transmission and
delayed transmission, junk fax block, auto Answer Button and scan before dial. Fax forwarding & print, BVRP
Host Fax Solution, Print-to-Fax via Lexmark N4000e or N4050e print server with send only. The printer can
support Compact Flash Type I & II, Memory Stick, Memory Stick Pro, Memory Stick Duo with adapter,
Microdrive, Multi Media, Secure Digital, Mini Secure Digital (Mini SD), SmartMedia and XD cards.

Lexmark X9575 Professional let users gain freedom and flexibility with built-in 802.11g wireless
technology. Compatible with Wi-Fi certified IEEE 802.11g/b/n. High quality printing from virtually anywhere
over a secure wireless network. Share the Lexmark X9575 among multiple computers. In addition, users can
fax up to 50-pages capacity Auto Document Feeder (ADF) for multiple page faxing and copying. Standalone
black and color faxing with 33.6 Kbps modem speed 99-speed dials, automatic redial, supports caller ID and up
to 100-page fax memory. User also can view and edit photos as large as 2.4" (6 cm) color display, print directly
from digital memory card, PictBridge™ compatible digital cameras or USB Flash drive and fast borderless
photos on popular photo sizes. Lexmark Productivity Studio Software makes it easy to crop, rotate, resize
photos and apply photo effects, plus 1-touch color fix and red eye reduction. This printer can also scan flatbed
scanner with 48-bit color depth; 16-bit grayscale. The resolution is up to 1200 x 4800 dpi optical resolution. It
also have function that can copy with 1-touch PC-free copying (color or black) 1 to 99 copies at a time. This
printer also allows users to print fast. It is up to 33 ppm black and 28 ppm color printing. It also can print
Microsoft Office documents and PDFs directly from USB Flash drives.

4.2 Software (Adobe Photoshop CS3 and CS4)

Adobe Photoshop CS3 is marketed with three main components of improvement over previous versions.
Adobe Creative Suite 3 (CS3) was announced on March 27, 2007. It introduced universal binaries for all major
programs for the Apple Macintosh. It work more productively, edit with unrivalled power, and composite with
breakthrough tools. New features propagating productivity include streamlined interface, improved Camera
Raw, better control over print options, enhanced PDF support, and better management with Adobe Bridge.
Editing tools new to CS3 are the Clone Source palette and nondestructive Smart Filters, and other features such
as the Brightness/Contrast adjustment and Vanishing Point module were enhanced. The Black and White
adjustment option improves users control over manual grayscale conversions with a dialog box similar to that
of Channel Mixer. Compositing is assisted with Photoshop's new Quick Selection and Refine Edge tools and
improved Image Stitching Technology. CS3 Extended contains all features of CS3 plus tools for editing and
importing some 3D graphics file formats, enhancing video, and comprehensive image analysis tools, utilizing
MATLAB integration and DICOM file support.

Adobe Photoshop CS4 was announced on September 23, 2008 as the successor to Adobe Creative Suite
3. It was officially released on October 15, 2008. CS4 features additions such as the ability to paint directly on
3D models, wrap 2D images around 3D shapes, convert gradient maps to 3D objects, add depth to layers and
text, get print-quality output with the new ray-tracing rendering engine, and enjoy exporting to supported
common 3D formats, the new Adjustment and Mask Panels, content-aware scaling, and Fluid Canvas Rotation
and File display options. On 30 April, Adobe released Photoshop CS4 Extended, which includes all the same
features of Adobe Photoshop CS4 with the addition of capabilities for scientific imaging, 3D, and high end film
and video users. The successor to Photoshop CS3, Photoshop CS4, is the first 64-bit Photoshop on consumer
computers.
5.0 Pervasive Computing

5.1 Meaning of pervasive computing

The idea that technology is moving beyond the personal computer to everyday
devices with embedded technology and connectivity as computing devices become progressively smaller and
more powerful. Also called ubiquitous computing, pervasive computing is the result of computer technology
advancing at exponential speeds - a trend toward all man-made and some natural products having hardware and
software. Pervasive computing goes beyond the realm of personal computers.
It is the idea that almost any device, from clothing to tools to appliances to cars to homes to the human
body to your coffee mug, can be imbedded with chips to connect the device to an infinite network of other
devices. The goal of pervasive computing, which combines current network technologies with wireless
computing, voice recognition, Internet capability and artificial intelligence, is to create an environment where
the connectivity of devices is embedded in such a way that the connectivity is unobtrusive and always available.

5.2 Examples of pervasive computing

Smartphone

A smartphone is a mobile phone offering advanced capabilities, often with PC- like functionality.
There is no industry standard definition of a smartphone. For some, a smartphone is a phone that runs complete
operating system software providing a standardized interface and platform for application developers. For
others, a smartphone is simply a phone with advanced features like e-mail, Internet and e-book reader
capabilities, and/or a built-in full keyboard or external USB keyboard and VGA connector. In other words, it is
a miniature computer that has phone capability.

Personal Digital Assistant (PDA)

A personal digital assistant (PDA) is a handheld computer, also known as a palmtop computer. Newer
PDAs also have both color screens and audio capabilities, enabling them to be used as mobile phones, web
browsers, or portable media players. Many PDAs can access the Internet via Wi-Fi, or Wireless Wide-Area
Networks (WWANs). Many PDAs employ touch screen technology.
6.0 Conclusion

Open Source can be used by anyone and because it has no copyright claims, so users
are free to use, change, and improve the software, and to redistribute it in modified or unmodified forms.
Pervasive Computing is to make our lives easier because we can interact with computers. Besides that, we can
easily give the computer commands and the computer will grant your wish.

7.0 Reference

http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080719211451AA9NFvs
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human-computer_interaction
http://www.indiana.edu/~ovpit/presentations/ipcres/tsld005.htm
http://downloadpedia.org/Open_Source_Operating_Systems
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_source_software
http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/S/software.html
http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/H/hardware.html
http://www.ictregulationtoolkit.org/en/PracticeNote.aspx?id=3182
http://etbe.coker.com.au/2007/11/26/pentium-3-vs-pentium-4/
http://www.articlealley.com/article_673694_11.html