Asset Accounting (FI-AA)

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By: saket | 09 May 2008 3:07 pm

Organizational Structure:
Check- Country Specific Settings
Maximum LVA amount for posting: Here we define the maximum amount for checking posting to low value
assets.
Net book value for changeover of depreciation method: If you enter an amount in this field, the system changes
over the calculation of depreciation to the changeover key defined in the depreciation key, as soon as the net
book value is less than the amount entered here.
You must be using a depreciation key with an internal calculation key defined with changeover method 3
(changeover as soon as the net book value is smaller than the changeover amount). If you use any other
changeover methods, this amount is ignored.
Indicator transfer down payments from previous years: When you set this indicator, the system ignores
downpayments during the line item settlement of assets under construction. The total amount of the closing
invoice is then always transferred to the capitalized asset using the transaction type based on the year of the
closing invoice.
Copy Reference Chart of Depreciation/ Depreciation Areas
In this step, you define your charts of depreciation . The chart of depreciation is a list of depreciation areas
arranged according to business and legal requirements.
You must assign a chart of depreciation to each company code that is defined in Asset Accounting. SAP provides
country-specific charts of depreciation with predefined depreciation areas. These charts of depreciation serve
only as a reference for creating your own charts of depreciation, and are therefore not directly accessible in the
SAP system. When creating a chart of depreciation, you have to copy the reference chart of depreciation.

You can define depreciation areas for the parallel valuation of fixed assets for a particular purpose. This is done
using "real" depreciation areas and derived depreciation areas . The values in the derived depreciation area are
calculated from the values of two or more real areas, using a formula you define. The system does not
permanently store the values from the derived depreciation area. They are determined dynamically at the time of
the request. Otherwise, derived depreciation areas have the same system functions as real areas. Most
important, they can be evaluated in the same way, and posted to the general ledger (for example, for showing
special reserves).
The country-specific charts of depreciation (for example, 0US for the USA) contain fully defined standard
depreciation areas, for example, for
• book depreciation
• tax depreciation
• cost-accounting depreciation
• special reserves
• investment support
These standard depreciation areas provide a reference. From the point of view of SAP, this reference meets all
requirements for accounting and legal considerations. You always have to copy one of the standard depreciation
areas in order to create a new depreciation area. Therefore, you should delete standard depreciation areas only
after careful consideration. It is usually better to avoid deleting them, and instead set them to inactive in the
asset class.
1. Check the definition of the depreciation areas that were created by reference to a standard chart of
depreciation (in the detail screen).
2. If necessary, define new depreciation areas, by copying an already existing depreciation area.
3. Specify the characteristics of your depreciation area in the detail screen:
a) Specify the type of value management that is allowed.
You must allow APC and positive remaining book value in all areas in which you want to depreciate capitalized
asset balances (the usual procedure). Allow negative net book values in depreciation areas that depreciate
below zero, and in areas for managing value adjustments posted on the liabilities side (special reserves). The
second of these also are not allowed to manage APC or net book values.
Specify if the asset values/depreciation of the area should be posted automatically to the general ledger or to
cost elements (asset balance sheet values: online/periodic).
The system can only post asset balance sheet values from one depreciation area in online. Generally, this area
is the book depreciation area. Other areas (for special reserves or cost accounting depreciation) can be posted
automatically to the general ledger using background processing (application menu: Periodic processing), when
the automatic posting indicator is set. Depreciation can be posted only periodically.
You specify the reconciliation accounts and offsetting accounts for automatic posting in other steps in the
implementation process.
○ If you need depreciation areas that derive their values from other depreciation areas, you can
define derived depreciation areas. For this purpose, enter the depreciation areas that are to
form the basis for its values. Enter whether the values from these areas should be included
as positive or negative values in the formula. Make sure that the indicator "real area" is not
set.
The derived depreciation area can be for reporting only (that is, its values are not posted to reconciliation
accounts). In this case, you can specify that the system does not perform a value check for this derived area
(indicator: "for reporting purposes only").
4. Check the standard type of the depreciation area.
The depreciation areas in the standard chart of depreciation all have a type. When you create a chart of
depreciation, the system takes over these types from the referenced standard chart of depreciation. For
example, the type of depreciation area 01 is "book depreciation."
If you are also using the IM (Investment Management) component, the depreciation area with type 07 (cost
accounting valuation) has special importance. At the present time, you cannot transfer capitalization differences
as nonoperating expense to this depreciation area. This limitation is required in order to make sure that all non-
capitalized debits on a capital investment measure are accounted for in controlling.
It is also possible to delete a depreciation area. The depreciation area to be deleted must meet the following
requirements:
• It cannot be the master depreciation area (01).
• The depreciation area cannot be a reference for another area (for acquisition values, depreciation
terms).
• The depreciation area cannot be part of the calculation rule for a derived depreciation area. In this
case, you have to change the calculation rule for the derived depreciation area in question.
• The depreciation area cannot be defined for automatic posting of its values to the general ledger.
The system then deletes the selected depreciation area in the chart of depreciation and in the valuation
specifications for all affected assets and asset classes.
Depreciation areas that are not used can still be activated at a later point in time (after the production startup). A
newly activated depreciation area can take over values from another depreciation area.
It also contains the rules for the evaluation of assets that are valid in a specific country or economic area.
Each company code is allocated to one chart of depreciation. Several company codes can work with the same
chart of depreciation.
The chart of depreciation and the chart of accounts are completely independent of one another
Depreciation Area: which is managed in the system as a real depreciation area (not a derived depreciation area).
Each depreciation area is set up to handle depreciation for a particular purpose (e.g. book depreciation, tax
depreciation, group depreciation, cost-accounting depreciation, etc.)
Every depreciation area belongs to at least one chart of depreciation , and is managed independently from other
depreciation areas. However, you can define depreciation areas so that it is possible to use one area to check
the values of another area, or so that one area can take over values from another area.
You can also define derived depreciation areas . The values in a derived depreciation area are determined from
the values of real depreciaton areas, using a mathematical relationship, which you define (for example, reserve
for special depreciation).
The Depreciaiton Area 1 and 30 cannot be deleted as this is required by the system for posting the depreciation
in the G/L account and for the purpose of consolidation.
Real Dep. Area: Set this indicator if you want the system to store the values of this depreciation area in the
database (meaning that the area is not a derived depreciation area). The values in this area are then updated
each time a posting is made, and can be immediately evaluated
Post to G/L account: Specifies if changes to balance sheet values and/or depreciation from this depreciation area
are to be posted to the general ledger, and how they are to be posted.
Acquisition Value: In this field, you specify whether the real acquisition value (without taking investment support
into account) in this depreciation area should have a positive or negative balance.
Net book Value: You can specify here that the net book value balance in this depreciation area is always either
positive or negative

Assign Chart of Depreciation to Company Code

Specify Number Assignment across Company Codes

Asset Classes
Specify Account Determination
Create Screen Layout Rules
Define Number Range Interval
Define Asset Classes
Inventory indicator: Set this indicator if you want the asset to be counted in a physical inventory.
This indicator ensures that the asset is included in the standard inventory list of Asset Accounting. Assets without
this indicator are not output by the report.
Asset under construction without line item settlement: Specifies that assets under construction in this asset class
are managed without the option of line-item final settlement to receiver assets or cost centers.
The summary management of the asset under construction has the following affects:
• Only complete transfers or simple partial transfers are possible (in other words, you can only transfer
either prior-year acquisitions or current-year acquisitions in one given posting transaction).
• You can only transfer to one target asset per posting transaction. You have to enter the amount of the
transfer manually.
• There is no connection to the original asset under construction in the capitalized asset. Therefore,
there is no exact proof of origin for the original postings
Asset class is blocked: Set this indicator to prevent new assets from being created in this asset class.
Asset is managed historically: Set this indicator if you want the system to manage the asset with a history. Active
history management has the following effects:
• The asset is displayed in an asset chart.
• The asset and the values/transactions belonging to it cannot be reorganized until the asset is
deactivated.
Specify Chart – of –Dep Dependent Screen Layout/ Acct Assignment
Define How Depreciation Areas post to General Ledger
This step is already completed while defining the depreciation area and therefore no need to define it once again
here.
Assign G/L Accounts
Change the Field Status Variant of the Asset G/L Accounts
Assign Input Tax Indicator for Non- Taxable Acquisitions
Specify Financial Statement Version for Asset Reports
Here we assign the Financial Statement Version to a depreciation area. That means a company can have
different financial statement version for reporting purpose and can select appropriate financial version for each
depreciation area. The financial statement version is to be created using the END use menu and the step will be
explained in the subsequent document for Financial Statement Version.
Post Depreciation to the General Ledger
Specify Document type for Posting of Depreciation
In this processing step you determine the document type for each company code for posting depreciation.
SAP supplies document type AF for depreciation posting.
o It must be a document type for batch input.
o It must be defined with external document number assignment.
Specify Intervals and posting Rules
In this step, you define the posting rules for the depreciation areas that post depreciation values to Financial
Accounting. You define the posting cycle (how often depreciation is posted) and the account assignment rules for
the depreciation posting run.
You must have specified which depreciation areas should post automatically to the general ledger.

Period Interval: You specify the interval between two depreciation posting runs in this field. Define this interval by
entering the number of posting periods that should be in the interval.
Valuation
Set Chart of Depreciation
You only need to carry out the following step if you have created more than one chart of depreciation. Some of
the definitions in the following Customizing steps depend on the chart of depreciation you want to work with. If
you have recently created several charts of depreciation (NOT standard charts of depreciation), you therefore
need to specify the chart of depreciation you want to configure. The work you do in the system after this point will
affect that chart of depreciation. The system therefore determines the chart of depreciation that you are working
on according to the following logic:
• If you have created only one chart of depreciation, the system automatically uses this chart.
• If you have created more than one chart of depreciation, the system asks you to identify the chart of
depreciation affected the first time you call up a function that affects the chart of depreciation. The chart of
depreciation you select at this point remains active during your log-on, unless you specifically enter a new chart
of depreciation. If you had set one chart of depreciation, and now want to work with a new one, you set the new
chart of depreciation in this processing step.
Depreciation Areas
Define Depreciation Areas
Specify Transfer of Depreciation Terms
Determine Depreciation Areas in the Asset Class
Generally, the assets in an asset class use the same depreciation terms (depreciation key, useful life).
Therefore, you do not have to maintain the depreciation terms in the asset master record. Instead, they can be
default values from the asset class.
In this step, you determine the depreciation terms that are to be used in your asset classes. Depending on the
definition in the screen layout control used, these depreciation terms are offered either as optional or mandatory
defaults when you create an asset.
Deactivate Asset Class for Chart of Depreciation
In this step, you can lock asset classes for entire charts of depreciation. In this way, you can prevent an asset
class from being used inadvertently in a chart of depreciation for which it is not intended.
Valuation Methods
Depreciation Key
Calculation Methods
Define Base Methods
In this step, you maintain base methods. Base methods are valid in all charts of depreciation
Base method of the depreciation key for calculating depreciation or imputed interest.
Depreciation calculation method: With this indicator you specify which depreciation calculation method the
base method should use.
Reduce useful life to the end of fiscal year: If you set this indicator, the system reduces the planned useful life
so that the end of depreciation always coincides with the end of the fiscal year.
Depreciation after end of planned life: Set this indicator, if you want the system to continue depreciation after
the end of the planned useful life.
Define Declining-Balance Methods
In this step, you define declining-balance methods. You then assign them to depreciation keys.
SAP supplies commonly-used calculation methods.
1. Maintain declining-balance methods and their descriptions.
2. For each declining-balance method, specify:
o A multiplication factor for determining the depreciation percentage rate
o An upper limit for the depreciation percentage rate
o A lower limit for the depreciation percentage rate

Define Multi-Level Methods

Maintain Period Control Methods
Maintain Depreciation Key
Define Screen Layout for asset master Data
Define Screen Layout Rules for Asset Depreciation Area