Simple Seaming Techniques

11.110 Page 1

Stitching two pieces of fabric together using a straight stitch creates the simplest of seams.
If you’re working with a commercial sewing pattern, most seams are stitched with a 5/8"-
wide seam allowance (meaning the stitching is 5/8" from the fabric edge), though some
patterns use narrower seam allowances. Always check the guidesheet for specifics. The
seam allowance width is the space from the cut edge of the fabric piece to the stitching or
seaming line.

Straight Seams Thread Tensions

To stitch a straight Before stitching any seam, stitch a test
seam, pin the matching seam on two layers of fabric; use scraps of
project pieces right the project fabric. Examine the stitching
sides together, on both sides of the fabric. If bobbin
matching any notches, thread is visible on the top, reduce the
clips, dots or other needle thread tension slightly. If needle
pattern markings. Pin thread is visible on the bottom, increase
at regular intervals and the needle tension slightly. A balanced
perpendicular to the tension is very important to getting a
cut edges. Position pins good seam.
about 2" to 3" apart to
keep the fabric from
shifting. Exposed Seams
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Exposed straight seams are usually pressed
Begin stitching at the
open flat, and depending on the type of
cut end of the seamline, backstitch 1/4" to
fabric used, some finish may be needed to
anchor the seam. Stitch forward to the end
keep the seam allowance edges from
of the seam and backstitch to secure (1).
raveling. Edge-finishing options include
Corner Seams cutting the seam edges with pinking
shears, zigzagging, overcasting, binding or
To stitch a corner seam, follow the
serging. See Guideline 11.115.
directions above, but as you near the
corner, stop 5/8" from the corner (or Enclosed Seams
whatever the seam allowance width is)
Enclosed seams do not need a seam finish,
leaving the needle down in the fabric. Lift
but they must be handled differently than
the presser foot and pivot the fabric,
exposed seams.
realigning the new seam allowance edges
with the seam guide marking on the To reduce bulk, trim the enclosed seam
machine. allowances from their 5/8" original width,
but trim each seam allowance edge at a
On acute or sharp points, such as shirt
different width—a process called grading.
collars, take one to three stitches diagonally
The seam allowance that will be closest to
across the corner to allow some room for
the outside of the garment/project should
seam allowances turning inside. Use one
be the longest, followed by narrower
stitch on lightweight fabrics and three on
widths for each successive seam allowance.
heavyweight fabrics.
There will always be at least two seam
Lower the presser foot and stitch along the allowances, but if there is a separate collar
second side of the corner, keeping an even and/or interfacing layer(s), there will be
seam allowance width. more. Stagger the width of the seam
 Simple Seaming Techniques
11.110 Page 2

allowances to eliminate a Corners

visible ridge on the project On enclosed corners, such as
right side. If all edges “drop collar points or front facing
off” at the same width, it’s easy edges, you need to eliminate
to get a noticeable ridge, seam allowance bulk at the point
especially during pressing. so that when the project is
Grading provides a gradual turned right side out, the corner
slope of the enclosed seam will lie smooth and flat without
edges (2). bulges.
Curved Seams Trim the corner seam allowances
Necklines, armholes, princess diagonally, close to the stitching,
seams and other curved areas and taper on either side. The
require an additional step in sharper the corner is, the wider
the seaming process — 2 the tapered trim area should be
clipping or notching, to reduce bulk (5).
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depending on the shape of the curve.
Princess Seams
For inward or concave curves, clip into the seam A princess seam joins one inward
allowances at regular intervals to allow the fabric to curve and one outward curve, adding fullness to the
spread and lie seam instead of having a dart in the same location.
flat. Leave Joining opposing curves requires extra care.
about 1/8" of
the seam Before joining princess seams, staystitch the outward
allowance width curve 1/2" from the cut edge; then clip to the stitching.
unclipped to Place the cut edges together with the clipped seam
avoid allowance on top, allowing the clips to spread as
weakening the needed to match the curve underneath.
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seam (3). After the seam is stitched, notch the inward-curve seam
allowance to allow the seam allowances to spread.
Press the seam open over a pressing ham or other
curved surface.
For outward or convex
curves, cut out notches in Princess seams are covered in more detail in Guideline
the seam allowance width 11.310.
to allow the fabric to lie flat
without bubbling when the
seam is turned right side
out. Notch (cut away small
wedges of the fabric) into
the seam allowance at
regular intervals to remove
the fabric, but always leave
1/8" intact at the seamline
to avoid weakening the
seam (4).
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