CHAPTER:NO 4

KINEMATICS
INTRODUCTION

It is the branch of physics which deals with the

description of motion without reference to any
opposing external force.
 MOTION
When a body a changes its position with respect to its surrounding
things so the body said to be in th state of motion

Types Of Motion
1. Linear or Translatory motion

2. Rotatory motion

3. Vibratory motion
 Linear or Translatory motion

► If a body moves in a straight path so the body is to be

in Linear motion or Translatory motion.

► Example: A car moving on straight line on the road

 ,Rotatory motion

If a body spins or rotates from the fixed point ,so the body is to be in
Rotatory motion.

Example:The blades of a moving fan, The wheel of a moving car..a

swinging top
 Vibratory Motion

to and fro motion about the mean point so the body is
to be in Vibratory motion.
 Rest

“When a body does not change its position with
respect to its surrounding so the body is said to be in
the state of rest”.

Example: A book is laying on the table, A tree in the

garden.
 Displacement
Shortest gap covered between two points to a
particular direction is called displacement
It is a vector quantity
 Speed

“The distance covered by a body in a unit time is called speed.”

OR

“The rate of change of distance is called speed

It is a Scalar quantity

It is defined by “V”

Formula: speed= distance_

time

V= _s__

t

Si unit of speed: meter/second = m/sec
 Uniform speed

If a body covers an equal distance in

equal interval of time so the body is said
to be in uniform speed.
 Velocity
“The distance covered by a body in a unit time in a particular direction is called
velocity.”
OR

“The rate of change of displacement is called speed.”

OR

“Speed in a definite direction is called velocity.”

It is a vector quantity

It is defined by “V”

I unit of velocity is m/sec = Displacement/time

formula
velocity =displacement
time

V= __s__
t
 Kinds Of Velocity

1.UNIFORM VELOCITY

If a body covers an equal distance in equal interval of time
in a Constant direction so the body is said to be in uniform
Velocity.

2. VARIABLE VELOCITY

If a body does not cover an equal distance in equal interval
of time in a particular direction so the body is said to be in
variable velocity.
 ACCELERATION
“The rate of change of velocity is called acceleration.”
OR
Acceleration depends upon the velocity if the velocity continously “
increases or decreases the acceleration will be produced.”

It is a vector quantity it is Denoted by ‘a’ the SI unit of acceleration is

m/s

Formula of acceleration is
 Types of acceleration

1. Positive Acceleration

If the velocity continuously increases then the
acceleration will be positive.

2. Negative acceleration

If the velocity continuously decreases then the
acceleration will be negative.
 FIRST EQUATION OF MOTION

► suppose an object moves with initial velocity “Vi” in a time “t” and covers a
distance “S” in an acceleration “a” and the final velocity of an object becomes
“Vf”
► According to the defination of the acceleration “The rate of change of velocity
is called acceleration”
► i.e. Acceleration = Change of velocity/time
► <=a = Vf – Vi/t

► DERIVATION
► a = Vf – Vi/t
► at = Vf – Vi
► or Vf = Vi + at