Technology Insight Report: Graphene

Technology Insight Report
GRAPHENE
Graphene with the unique combination of bonded carbon atom
structures with its myriad and complex physical properties is poised
to have a big impact on the future of material sciences, electronics
and nanotechnology. Owing to their specialized structures and
minute diameter, it can be utilized as a sensor device,
semiconductor, or for components of integrated circuits. The
reported properties and applications of this two-dimensional form
of carbon structure have opened up new opportunities for the
future devices and systems.
Disclaimer: This report should not be construed as business advice and the insights are not to be used as the basis for
investment or business decisions of any kind without your own research and validation. Gridlogics Technologies Pvt. Ltd.
disclaims all warranties whether express, implied or statutory, of reliability, accuracy or completeness of results, with regards to
the information contained in this report.
© 2011 Gridlogics. All Rights Reserved.

Patent iNSIGHT Pro™ is a trademark of Gridlogics Technologies Pvt. Ltd.
Feedbacks and Comments on this report can be sent to feedback_tr@patentinsightpro.com
Overview
Introduction to Graphene
Graphene is an allotrope of carbon, whose structure is one-atom-thick

planar sheets of sp2-bonded carbon atoms that are densely packed in a
honeycomb crystal lattice. The term graphene was coined as a
combination of graphite and the suffix -ene by Hanns-Peter Boehm, who
described single-layer carbon foils in 1962. Graphene is most easily
visualized as an atomic-scale chicken wire made of carbon atoms and their
bonds. The crystalline or "flake" form of graphite consists of many
graphene sheets stacked together.
The carbon-carbon bond length in graphene is about 0.142 nanometers.

Graphene sheets stack to form graphite with an interplanar spacing of
0.335 nm, which means that a stack of 3 million sheets would be only one
millimeter thick. Graphene is the basic structural element of some carbon
allotropes including graphite, charcoal, carbon nanotubes and fullerenes. It
can also be considered as an indefinitely large aromatic molecule, the
limiting case of the family of flat polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The
Nobel Prize in Physics for 2010 was awarded to Andre Geim and
Konstantin Novoselov "for groundbreaking experiments regarding the two-
dimensional material graphene".

Benefits of Graphene
Research and development around graphene is moving ahead yielding new
forms, new applications and new material based on this unique structure
and we take a look into this breakthrough in science and the innovation
that surrounds it as it promises to be a large part or small devices of the
future.
 Transistors made using these graphenes can work faster than

those made of silicon, in electronics. Computer chips should be
very much thin in order to work faster and also to use less
electricity. As a result, the distance to be travelled by the
electrons will be reduced. This can in turn improve the speed of
the computer. Since graphene transistors will be small in size, it
can be of much use for this purpose. Graphene electrodes can now be
flexible and transparent.
 It is possible to produce computer monitors which are having
thickness as like a paper and are transparent. Image Source:
 Graphene is being used to conduct researches for knowing more http://www.nature.com/news/2009
about two dimensional materials having special features. /090114/full/news.2009.28.html
Graphene provides scope for researches that can chance the
path of quantum physics.
 When mixed with graphene, plastic also turns as conductor for
electricity. At the same time, it would also tolerate heat. Based
on this fact, harder mixed materials can be produced in future.
Along with having thin shape, they also have quality of
expanding.
 These mixed materials may be used extensively in the making of
satellites, air planes, solar panels, cars and others.
 Graphene will be 98% transparent and at the same time will
absorb electricity well. Based on this feature, transparent touch
screens, light panels and mobile phones can be made. Graphene is used in LED's for brake
 Because of special structure of graphene, sensitive sensors can lights, stoplights, flashlights
be manufactured. They can detect pollution even at the smallest
Image Source:
range. http://products.cvdequipment.com/
applications/4/

Graphene– Insights from Patents
Overview
Patent filings around Graphene hold great insights into the innovation,
research and development within the space. With the help of Patent
iNSIGHT Pro, we will analyze the full coronary stent patent data to find
answers to the following:
 What does the IP publication trend for Graphene look like and how
has activity around filings evolved?
 Who are the top assignees or key players in graphene?
 What Graphene properties are used across different application
areas?
 What Graphene properties are used by key Assignees?
 How is Assignee portfolio spread across different application areas
of graphene?
To get a more accurate and all round perspective on these the patent set
has been classified into these two categories.
By Application Areas
 Automobiles
 Chemical Sensors
 Composite Materials
 Electronics
a) Batteries
b) Fuel Cells
c) Integrated Circuits
d) Light Emitting Diode
e) Liquid Crystal Devices
f) Lithium-ion Batteries
g) Memory Devices
h) Solar Cells
i) Thin Film Transistor
j) Touch Screen Sensors
k) Transistors
l) Ultracapacitors
 Graphene Nanoribbons
 Light Polarization
 Medical Device
a) Graphene Biodevices/ DNA Sequencing
 Molecular Sensors
 Spintronics
 Thermoplastics

By Properties
 Chemical Properties
 Electrical Properties
 Mechanical Properties
 Optical Properties
 Physical Properties
 Structural Properties
 Thermal Properties
The illustration below shows the different categories prepared and the number of records in each. The
categorization involved defining a search strategy for each topic and then conducting the search using
the Advanced Search capability in Patent iNSIGHT Pro. Details of search strings used for each category
are given in Appendix B.

The Search Strategy
The first step is to create and define a patent set that will serve as the basis of our analysis.
Using the commercial patent database PatBase as our data source we used the following search query
to create our patent set.
(TAC=graphene* or grafeno or graphène or graphén or grapheen)
The query was directed to search through the full text and a patent set of
1862 records with one publication per family were generated.
The publications included in the report are updated as of 19th February, 2011.

Publication Trend
What has been the IP publication trend for Graphene?
Patents related to Graphene can be traced back to before 1950, although the number of filings
remained relatively low all the way up till the year 2000. Noticeably there was a very large spike in
publications for 2010 which saw more than 600 patents published during the year.
Just a month and a half into 2011 and we are already seeing around 100 patents. It’s clear that this
technology picked up slowly, grew consistently and has now reached new heights and is evidently on
an upward trend.
How we did it?
Once the patents were populated in Patent iNSIGHT Pro, the publication trend chart was generated on a single
click using the dashboard tool.

Top Assignees and their trends
Who have been the top assignees or the key players within this industry?
11. SIEMENS AG 1. THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF

12. JANG BOR Z CALIFORNIA
13. ZHAMU ARUNA 2. TOYOTA GROUP
14. SAMSUNG GROUP 3. ALCATEL-LUCENT INC.
15. IBM CORP 4. HEWLETT-PACKARD CO
16. SANDISK CORP 5. TEIJIN LTD.
17. FUJITSU LTD. 6. XEROX CORP
18. HITACHI LTD. 7. COMMISSARIAT A LENERGIE
19. CANON INC. ATOMIQUE
20. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO 8. GSI CREOS CORP
9. CASIO COMPUTER CO LTD.
10. PANASONIC CORP
How we did it?
Once the patents were populated in Patent iNSIGHT Pro, the assignee clean‐up tools were used to normalize the
names. Different cleanup tools were leveraged:
• To locate assignees for unassigned records
• To clean up records having multiple assignees
• To locate the correct assignee names for US records using the US assignments database
• To merge assignees that resulted from a merger or acquisition or name change.
Please refer Appendix A for more details on Assignee merging.

Once the Assignee names were cleaned up, the dashboard tool within Patent iNSIGHT Pro was used to find the
top 20 assignees within the given patent set. A visual graph was created based on the results of the top
assignees with the number of patents alongside each one.
The full Assignee table is available here:

http://www.patentinsightpro.com/techreports/0311/List%20of%20Assignees.xls

Assignee Trends
Considering cumulative patent filing trends Siemens AG has the most remarkable figures for IP
publications for graphene. Interestingly, inventors like Jang Bor Z and Zhamu Aruna also show an
increase in terms of IP publications.
Sandisk Corp has also made consistent advances in growing their IP portfolio with graphene patents.
How we did it?
We applied filters on the filing years using the option provided in the Report Dashboard in Patent iNSIGHT Pro,
The graph showing the cumulative filings of top 15 assignees with respect to time was created. The output was
created in the form of a line graph to get a visual insight which could display comparisons across the assignees.

Assignee - Key Statistics
Here we summarize key parameters of Top 15 Assignees such as filing trend, Avg. number of Forward citations
per record, Top inventors in each Assignee, Top Co-Assignees and Coverage, unique and new technologies of
underlying patent families
Unique technologies refer to those concepts unique within the selected records only.
New technologies refer to the new keywords in recent 3 years, i.e., from 2009 - 2011

How we did it?
First we generated clusters using the auto cluster option provided in the software. These clusters were then
used in the Assignee 360° report option to generate new and unique clusters for the top 15 assignees. The
generated report was then exported to Excel using the option provided for the same.

Inventor - Key Statistics
Here we summarize key parameters of Top 15 Inventors such as filing trend, average number of
forward citations per record, key associated companies and top 5 co-inventors.

How we did it?
In order to compress all the information into a single report, we used the 360 ° series of reports available in the
software. From the Inventor 360° report options, we selected the different pieces of information we wanted to
include in the singular display and then ran the report. The generated report as then exported to Excel using the
option provided for the same.

Graphene – Properties vs. Application Areas
What properties of Graphene are used across different application areas? In the table below,
properties with higher number of patent filings have been highlighted with stronger shades of orange.
One can see that many patents target the Electrical and Structural properties.
We can see that mechanical and optical properties haven’t been used in any of the Automobile
applications.

How we did it?
We used the categories created and using the co-occurrence analyzer, we selected the categories and the
assignees to be included and then ran the report. The generated report was then exported to Excel using the
option provided.

Assignee Portfolios spread across different properties
What Graphene properties are used by key Assignees? The chart reveals which of the key players
hold patents assigned for which of the main properties within the patent set. For example, Jang
Bor Z and Zhamu Aruna collectively hold maximum records for Chemical Properties. When it
comes to innovations around Electrical properties, Sandisk Corp leads the way with 24 out of a
total 186 patents for this category, closely followed by IBM Corp.

How we did it?
We first generated a matrix for the US Classes along with the class definitions using the co-occurrence analyzer.
The generated matrix was exported to Excel using the option provided. We classified the results by manual
research into various properties. Then by using a combination of semantic analysis tools such as the clustering
tools and searching tools available in Patent iNSIGHT Pro, patents were categorized under the different
properties. Using the co-occurrence analyzer, we selected the categories and the assignees to be included and
then ran the report. The generated report was then exported to Excel using the option provided.

Assignee Portfolios spread across different Application Areas
Which assignees hold the maximum inventions across different application areas of Graphene?
In the matrix below leading patent holdings within each application areas of graphene have been
highlighted with stronger shades of green for larger number of patents within that category. Sandisk
Corp dominates patent holdings for “Memory Devices” with 31 out of 56 patent records classified
under this application area.
Significantly, inventors, Jang Bor Z and Zhamu Aruna jointly head “Composite Materials” with 17 out
of 158 records.
How we did it?
First the various application areas of graphene were identified by manual research. Then by using a combination
of semantic analysis tools such as the clustering tools and searching tools available in Patent iNSIGHT Pro,
patents were categorized under the different application areas. Finally a co- occurrence matrix was generated to
map the application areas with the assignees to identify which assignees hold the strongest portfolios in which
application areas. The generated report was then exported to Excel using the option provided.

Concepts identified across various Electronic Devices
The graphs below highlight key concepts within Electronic devices.
We created groups of technologies and using clustering tools key sub topics were generated. These were then
exported to Excel and the number of records gathered for each sub topic was then displayed using a bar chart.
Transistors – Related concepts

(Please refer to Appendix C, Page 49 for Patent Details)
Transistors on a silicon or SOI substrate

Carbon-based
Detection
Process of forming device
Source and drain regions
Film
Power
Phase
Particles
Parallel
Lattice
Catalytic
Implant
Mesa
Reactive
Radiation
Predetermined
Functional groups
Electrical resistance
Contact resistance
Interface
Interactions
Exfoliating
Point
Etching
Face
Switching
Working surface
Modulation
Thin-film
Network
Digital
Amplifier
Gate conductor
Programming a nonvolatile memory
Graphene-based device is formed
Exposed
Threshold voltage
Heating
Nanoribbons
Interconnects
Quantum
Logic circuit
Silicon carbide
Crystalline substrate
Oxide
Single layer
Forming a trench
Silicide layer
Nanoscale devices
Thin
Molecular
Graphene sheet
Lines
Graphitic material
Impedance matching
Epitaxial graphene
Single crystal
0 1 2 3 4 5
Number of Records

Lithium-ion Batteries – Related concepts
(Please refer to Appendix C, Page 31 for Patent Details)
Energy storage
Organic material
Rate
Flake
Doped
Design
Multi-layer
Electron emission
Synthetic
Ionic
Display
LiFePO4
Hybrid
Degrees centigrade
Electron-emitting
Alcohol-water solution
High yield
Aqueous solution
Application prospects
Protective matrix material reinforced
Surface area
Nano-filament composition
Electrochemical cell electrode
Plate
Vapor grown carbon
Hexagonal carbon layers
Solid nanocomposite
Prelithiated anode active material
Conductive agent
Negative electrode active
Carbonaceous material
Conductive additive
0 1 2 3 4
Number of Records

Batteries – Related concepts
Resistance
Reactor
Engine
STORE
Efficiency
Raw material
Ultrasonic
Specified
Reactive
Nanoscale
Interact
Hydride
Alkaline
Laminated
Intermediate
Capacitors
Nanofibers
Carbon-based
Water soluble
Redox reaction
Catalyst
Preparing a pristine NGP…
Secondary
Crystalline
Conversion
Capacitive
Membrane
Electrolyte contains
Bipolar plate
Aqueous solution
Alkali metal
Molecular
Mesoporous
Carbonaceous
Hybrid nano‐filament…
Laminar graphite material
Electrochemical device
Mass
Intercalation compound
Carbon nanostructures
Organic solvent
Regarding the solar battery
Solid nanocomposite
Fluid
Exfoliated graphite
Hexagonal carbon
Power
Matrix material
0 1 2 3 4
Number of Records

Integrated Circuits – Related concepts
Value
Thickness
Standards
Plastic
Modulation
Manufacturing
Specified
Organic
Cost
Processor
Input
Band gap
Patterned
Body
Printing
Micro
Chemical
Active
Single crystal
Thin film
Detection
Pyrolytic carbon or graphene
Nano
Medium
Analyte
Gate dielectric
Power
Field-effect transistors
Silicon carbide
Logic circuit
0 1 2 3
Number of records

Fuel Cell – Related Concepts
Glycol
Capacity
Portion
Weight percent
Electrode applications
Precursor composition
Platinum
Flexible graphite
Substrates
Hydrophilic
Carbon-based
Specific
Thermal
Molecular
Two clad layers
Oxygen reduction
Lithium ion
Current collector
Atomic ratio
Supercapacitors
Removal
Electrooxidation
Planar outer surface
Curing or solidifying
Methanol fuel
Sheet and the bottom
Liquid medium
Carbon nano wall
Surface area
Carbon nanofiber
Hydrogen storage
Fuel cell vehicle
Expanded graphite
Electrical power
0 1 2 3 4
Number of records

Solar Cells – Related Concepts
Stacks
Solvent
Pressure
N-type
Organic-inorganic
SCALE
Plane
Medium
Source
Mixture
Electrolyte
Intensity level
Powder
Element a semiconductor compound
Replace expensive indium-tin oxide
Sheet resistance
Low sheet
Incident light
Conversion efficiency
Active layer
Dispersible and electrically
Laminar graphite material
Thermal interface material
Dye
Wavelength
Nanofiber
Intercalation compound
0 1 2 3
Number of records

Memory Device – Related Concepts
Semiconductor device
Matrix
Portion
Stack
Substantially
Damascene
Electrical contact
Forming memory cells
High resistance
Dielectric
Access
Processor
Drain
Card
Energy
Configured
Fabricating
Transmission
Absolute value
Memory device
Nano
Flow
Programming a nonvolatile…
Modules
Code
Bit line
Microelectronic structure
Pressure
Triple or quadruple exposure
Pillar shaped
First spacer pattern
Silicide layer
Carbon films
Resistivity switching storage
Reversible resistance-switching
Hard mask layer
0 1 2 3 4
Number of Records
Please refer Appendix C for patent details on ‘Lithium-ion Batteries’ and ‘Transistor’

Appendix A: Key Assignee Normalization Table
SIEMENS AG
SIEMENS AG
AB AND M GMBH
MASCHINEN GMBH
SAMSUNG GROUP
SAMSUNG GROUP
THE UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND COLLEGE PARK
FUJITSU LTD.
FUJITSU LTD.
HITACHI LTD.
HASHIZUME TOMIHIRO
HEIKE SEIJI
HITACHI LTD.
ISHIBASHI MASAYOSHI
KATO MIDORI
OKAI MAKOTO
TOYOTA GROUP
TOYOTA GROUP
HIRAMATSU MINEO
HORI MASARU
BASF GROUP
BASF GROUP
AUSTERMANN DORIS
DORNBUSCH MICHAEL
NARJES HENDRIK
BENZ ROLF
BRUNNER MARTIN
KRISTIANSEN PER MAGNUS
ROTZINGER BRUNO
ANDERLIK RAINER
BENTEN REBEKKA VON
HOEFLI KURT
VOELKEL MARK
WEBER MARTIN
BLACKBURN JOHN STUART
HEAVENS STEPHEN
HUBER GUENTHER
JONES IVOR WYNN
SCHIERLE ARNDT KERSTIN
STACKPOOL FRANCIS
STEFAN MADALINA ANDREEA
BAYER MATERIALSCIENCE AG
BAYER MATERIALSCIENCE AG
BIERDEL MICHAEL
BUCHHOLZ SIGURD
MICHELE VOLKER
MLECZKO LESLAW
RUDOLF REINER

WOLF AUREL
BEHNKEN GESA
HITZBLECK JULIA
MEUER STEFAN
MEYER HELMUT
ZENTEL RUDOLF
DERN GESA
FUSSANGEL CHRISTEL
VOGEL STEPHANIE
MITSUBISHI GROUP
FRONTIER CARBON CORP
MITSUBISHI GROUP
VORBECK MATERIALS CORP

VORBECK MATERIALS CORP
CRAIN JOHN M
LETTOW JOHN S
REDMOND KATE
KRISHNAIAH GAUTHAM
VARMA VIPIN
SCHEFFER DAN
GINNEMAN JR CARL R

Appendix B: Search Strings Used for Categorization
Categorization: Application Areas
1. Automobiles
Automobiles
(abst to spec) contains (aircraft or aeroplane or 18 results
aerospace or aviation or automobile* or
vehicle*) and graphene
2. Chemical Sensors
Chemical Sensors
(abst to spec) contains (chemi* w/3 sensor*) 7 results
3. Composite Materials
Composite Materials
(abst to spec) contains (composite* or 158 results
(composite w/2 material*)) and graphene
4. Electronics
Electronics
(abst to spec) contains (lithium or batter*) 53 results
(abst to spec) contains (lithium w/2 (metal* or 8 results
compound*) and batter* or cell*)
(abst to spec) contains (fuel w/2 (cell* or 47 results
batter*))
(abst to spec) contains (integrate* w/3 circuit*) 35 results
or IC
(abst to spec) contains ("light emitting diode" 17 results
or LED)
(abst to spec) contains ("liquid crystal display" 13 results
or LCD)
(abst to spec) contains (("lithium-ion" or 54 results
"lithium ion" or "Li-ion" or rechargeable or
secondary) w/2 batter* or cell*) or LIB
(abst to spec) contains (memory w/2 (device* 56 results
or chip* or disk* or drive* or cell*))
(abst to spec) contains (solar or photovoltaic* 38 results
or photoelectric*) w/3 cell*
(abst to spec) contains (("thin film" w/2 2 results
transistor*) or TFT)
(abst to spec) contains ("touch-screen" or 12 results
"touch screen" or "touchscreen")

(abst to spec) contains transistor* 78 results
(abst to spec) contains ("electric double-layer 24 results
capacitor" or EDLC or supercapacitor* or
supercondenser* or pseudocapacitor* or
"electrochemical double layer capacitor" or
ultracapacitor*)
5. Graphene Nanoribbons
Graphene Nanoribbons
(abst to spec) contains (graphene w/2 12 results
nanoribbon* or "nano-graphene ribbon" or
GNR or "graphene ribbon")
6. Light Polarization
Light Polarization
(abst to spec) contains (light w/2 polar*) 4 results
7. Medical Device
Medical Device
aclm contains ("DNA sequence") 1 result
8. Molecular Sensors
Molecular Sensors
(abst to spec) contains ("molecular sensor" or 1 result
chemosensor or "chemo sensor")
9. Spintronics
Spintronics
(abst to spec) contains (spintronic* or 2 results
magnetoelectronic*)
10. Thermoplastics
Thermoplastics
(abst to spec) contains(thermoplastic or 31 results
"thermosoftening plastic") and graphene

Appendix C: Graphene Application Area Patents
Lithium-ion Batteries Patents
Patent Number Title Assignees Filing Date Abstract
HIGH The present invention is directed to lithium-ion

PERFORMANCE batteries in general and more particularly to lithium-
BATTERIES WITH ion batteries based on aligned graphene ribbon
CARBON anodes V2O5 graphene ribbon composite cathodes
NANOMATERIALS ADA and ionic liquid electrolytes. The lithium-ion batteries
AND IONIC TECHNOLOGIES have excellent performance metrics of cell voltages
US20090246625 LIQUIDS INC. 2009-03-26 energy densities and power densities.
Provided are electrode layers for use in rechargeable
batteries such as lithium ion batteries and related
fabrication techniques. These electrode layers have
interconnected hollow nanostructures that contain
high capacity electrochemically active materials such
as silicon tin and germanium. In certain
embodiments a fabrication technique involves
forming a nanoscale coating around multiple template
structures and at least partially removing and/or
shrinking these structures to form hollow cavities.
These cavities provide space for the active materials
of the nanostructures to swell into during battery
INTERCONNECTE cycling. This design helps to reduce the risk of
D HOLLOW pulverization and to maintain electrical contacts
NANOSTRUCTUR among the nanostructures. It also provides a very
ES CONTAINING high surface area available ionic communication with
HIGH CAPACITY the electrolyte. The nanostructures have nanoscale
ACTIVE shells but may be substantially larger in other
MATERIALS FOR dimensions. Nanostructures can be interconnected
USE IN during forming the nanoscale coating when the
RECHARGEABLE coating formed around two nearby template
US20100330423 BATTERIES AMPRIUS INC. 2010-05-25 structures overlap.
METHOD OF
DEPOSITING
SILICON ON A method of modifying the surface of carbon
CARBON materials such as vapor grown carbon nanofibers is
MATERIALS AND provided in which silicon is deposited on vapor grown
FORMING AN carbon nanofibers using a chemical vapor deposition
ANODE FOR USE process. The resulting silicon-carbon alloy may be
IN LITHIUM ION APPLIED used as an anode in a rechargeable lithium ion
US20080261116 BATTERIES SCIENCES INC. 2008-04-22 battery.
Nanocomposite materials comprising a metal oxide
bonded to at least one graphene material. The
Nanocomposite of nanocomposite materials exhibit a specific capacity of
graphene and BATTELLE at least twice that of the metal oxide material without
metal oxide MEMORIAL the graphene at a charge/discharge rate greater than
US20100081057 materials INSTITUTE 2009-07-27 about 10C.
Nanocomposite materials having at least two layers
each layer consisting of one metal oxide bonded to at
Self assembled least one graphene layer were developed. The
multi-layer nanocomposite materials will typically have many
nanocomposite of alternating layers of metal oxides and graphene
graphene and BATTELLE layers bonded in a sandwich type construction and
metal oxide MEMORIAL will be incorporated into an electrochemical or energy
US20110033746 materials INSTITUTE 2009-08-10 storage device.

The invention relates to a lithium ion battery
conducting material and a preparation method and
application thereof. A graphene lithium ion battery
conducting material is prepared by adopting a
graphite oxide rapid heat expansion method and has
high aspect ratio which is beneficial to shortening the
migration distance of lithium ions and improving the
wetting quality of an electrolyte thereby the rate
performance of an electrode is improved; the
graphene lithium ion battery conducting material also
has high conductivity and can ensure that an
electrode active substance has higher utilization ratio
and excellent cyclical stability. Compared with a
common acetylene black conductive agent under the
same using amount the specific capacity of a lithium
ion battery cathode constructed by the conducting
Lithium ion battery material is improved by 25-40 percent and the
conducting material BEIJING coulomb efficiency is improved by 10-15 percent. In
and preparation UNIVERSITY OF addition the method has low cost simple process
method and CHEMICAL high security and low energy consumption and is
CN101728535 application thereof TECHNOLOGY 10/30/2009 suitable for large-scale production.
Nanocomposits of conductive nanoparticulate
polymer and electronically active material in
particular PEDOT and LiFePO4 were found to be
significantly better compared to bare and carbon
coated LiFePO4 in carbon black and graphite filled
non conducting binder. The conductive polymer
containing composite outperformed the other two
samples. The performance of PEDOT composite was
especially better in the high current regime with
capacity retention of 82 percent after 200 cycles.
Hence an electrode based on composite made of
conductive nanoparticulate polymer and
Open porous electronically active material in particular LiFePO4
electrically and PEDOT nanostubs with its higher energy density
conductive BELENOS and increased resistance to harsh charging regimes
nanocomposite CLEAN POWER proved to dramatically extend the high power
US20100233538 material HOLDING AG 2010-03-11 applicability of materials such as LiFePO4.
Disclosed is a method for producing colloidal
graphene dispersions comprising the steps of (i)
dispersing graphite oxide in a dispersion medium to
form a colloidal graphene oxide or multi-graphene
oxide dispersion (ii) thermally reducing the graphene
oxide or multi-graphene oxide in dispersion.
STABLE Dependent on the method used for the preparation of
DISPERSIONS OF the starting dispersion a graphene or a multi-
SINGLE AND graphene dispersion is obtained that can be further
MULTIPLE processed to multi-graphene with larger inter-planar
GRAPHENE BELENOS distances than graphite. Such dispersions and multi-
LAYERS IN CLEAN POWER graphenes are for example suitable materials in the
US20100301279 SOLUTION HOLDING AG 2010-05-26 manufacturing of rechargeable lithium ion batteries.
The method described allows the selection and/or
design of anode and cathode materials by n- or p-
NEW ELECTRODE doping semiconductor material. Such doped
MATERIALS IN materials are suitable for use in electrodes of lithium
PARTICULAR FOR ion batteries. As one advantage the anode and the
RECHARGEABLE BELENOS cathode may be produced using anodes and
LITHIUM ION CLEAN POWER cathodes that are derived from the same
US20110020706 BATTERIES HOLDING AG 2010-07-22 semiconductor material.

A carbonaceous particle is provided which comprises
a hexagonal flake formed of an aggregate of a
plurality of nanocarbons and having a side length of
0.1 to 100 mm and a thickness of 10 nm to 1 mm.
Thereby a carbonaceous particle is provided which
Flaky has an excellent electron emission performance has
carbonaceous a high electron conductivity shows excellent
particle and characteristics particularly when used for a secondary
production method battery and can suitably be applied to various
US7442358 thereof CANON INC. 2005-04-25 devices other than a secondary battery as well.
A method of making an electron-emitting device has
the steps of disposing a film containing metal on a
substrate arranging a plurality of catalytic particles
on the film containing metal and heat-treating the
substrate on which the plurality of catalytic particles
are arranged under circumstance including
Electronic device hydrocarbon gas and hydrogen to form a plurality of
having catalyst carbon fibers. Catalytic particles contain Pd and at
used to form least one element selected from the group consisting
carbon fiber of Fe Co Ni Y Rh Pt La Ce Pr Nd Gd Tb Dy
according to Ho Er and Lu and 2080 atm percent (atomic
Raman spectrum percentage) or more of the at least one element is
US7819718 characteristics CANON INC. 2005-12-13 contained in the catalytic particles relative to Pd.
The invention discloses an electrode plate for a
lithium ion battery and a manufacturing method
thereof and particularly relates to the electrode plate
for the lithium ion battery taking multi-layer graphene
as a conductive agent and a manufacturing method
thereof. The electrode plate of the invention consists
of a positive electrode or negative electrode active
substance the conductive agent and an adhesive.
The method comprises the steps of: using the
positive electrode or negative electrode active
substance the conductive agent and the adhesive as
raw materials to obtain electrode slurry through
stirring and dispersing and then obtaining the
electrode plate through coating drying and tabletting.
The conductive agent adopted by the invention has
the advantages of high dispersivity high electric
conductivity good filling effect and the like; and the
method has the advantages of simplicity low
production cost and convenient popularization and
application. The method can remarkably improve the
electric conductivity electrochemical capacity and
Electrode plate for enhance charge-discharge capability of electrode
lithium ion battery materials by multiples so the method can be widely
and manufacturing CHONGQING applied to the preparation of electrode plates of
CN101710619 method thereof UNIVERSITY 2009-12-14 lithium ion batteries.
The invention relates to a method for preparing poly
organic polysulfide/graphene conductive composite
material which is characterized by taking water-
soluble sulfonated graphene as a carrier and
Method for adopting an in-situ oxidation polymerization method
preparing poly to deposit poly organic polysulfide on the surface of
organic the grapheme so as to prepare the poly organic
polysulfide/sulfonat EAST CHINA polysulfide/graphene conductive composite material.
ed graphene UNIVERSITY OF The composite material has high conductivity and
conductive SCIENCE AND excellent electrochemical properties and can be used
CN101728534 composite material TECHNOLOGY 2009-12-24 as anode material of lithium secondary batteries.

To provide a negative electrode active material for an
electricity storage device which has considerably
enhanced low-temperature characteristic increased
energy density and increased output power. A
NEGATIVE negative electrode active material is made of a
ELECTRODE carbon composite containing carbon particles as a
ACTIVE core and a fibrous carbon having a graphene
MATERIAL FOR structure which is formed on the surfaces and/or the
AN ELECTRICITY inside of the carbon particles wherein the carbon
STORAGE composite has a volume of all mesopores within
DEVICE AND 0.005 to 1.0 cm3/g and a volume of the mesopores
METHOD FOR FUJI HEAVY each with a pore diameter ranging from 100 to 400
MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES Sof not less than 25 percent of the volume of all
US20080220329 THE SAME LTD. 2007-08-31 mesopores.
According to this method a polyelectrolyte solution

appropriate for the formation of the hair-like structure
on the surface of the carbon particles is prepared by
dissolving 0.1 to 10 g of the polyelectrolyte chosen
from proteins cellulose derivatives gums or
mixtures thereof in 1L of deionised water under
moderate stirring at a temperature of 30 to 100 DEG
C; and then 1 to 10 g carbon particles comprising
graphenic layers said particles of having dimensions
of 1 to 50 mu m and a specific surface of 2 to 50 m-
2g-1 are mixed under stirring into 1L of the above-
obtained solution preheated to about room
temperature kept for 2 to 30 minutes and modified to
a pH value of 7 to 9 followed by the filtration through
a Nutsch filter; and coating the black cake from the
Nutsch filter on a copper sheet and further processing
A METHOD FOR in a conventional manner into an anode for lithium ion
PREPARING A GABER and batteries. the novel method avoids the use of
CARBON ANODE SCARON,KEMIJS conventional binders and yields carbon anodes
FOR LITHIUM ION KI IN and possessing superior properties for the use in lithium
WO0129916 BATTERIES SCARON 2000-10-06 ion batteries.
An intercalation electrode includes an electron

current collector and graphene planes deposited
normal to the surface of the current collector
substrate. The graphene planes are deposited on the
current collector substrate from a carbon-precursor
gas using for example chemical vapor deposition. In
an embodiment of an anode for a lithium-ion battery
the graphene planes are intercalated with lithium
atoms. A lithium-ion battery may include this anode a
Intercalation GM GLOBAL cathode and a non-aqueous electrolyte. In repeated
Electrode Based on TECHNOLOGY charging and discharging of the anode lithium atoms
Ordered Graphene OPERATIONS and ions are readily transported between the
US20090325071 Planes INC. 2008-05-20 graphene planes of the anode and the electrolyte.
The invention relates to a graphene composite lithium
ion battery anode material lithium iron phosphate and
a preparation method thereof. The composite
material of lithium iron phosphate and graphene is
connected by interface of chemical bonding. The
Graphite composite invention also provides the method for preparing the
lithium ion battery graphene composite lithium ion battery anode
anode material material lithium iron phosphate in an in-situ symbiosis
lithium iron reaction mode and the obtained anode material has
phosphate and high tap density and good magnifying performance
preparation method and is suitable to be used as a anode material of a
CN101562248 thereof GONG SIYUAN 2009-06-03 lithium ion power battery.

An electrode material for a secondary battery has a
carbon fiber. This carbon fiber has a coaxial stacking
morphology of truncated conical tubular graphene
layers wherein each of the truncated conical tubular
graphene layers includes a hexagonal carbon layer
and has a large ring end at one end and a small ring
end at the other end in an axial direction. The
Electrode material hexagonal carbon layers are exposed on at least a
for lithium part of the large ring ends. Such an electrode
secondary battery material for a secondary battery excels in lifetime
and lithium performance has a large electric energy density
secondary battery GSI CREOS enables an increase in capacity and excels in
US20020182505 using the same CORP 2002-03-18 conductivity and electrode reinforcement.
A carbon fiber has a coaxial stacking morphology of

truncated conical tubular graphene layers wherein
each of the truncated conical tubular graphene layers
includes a hexagonal carbon layer and has a large
ring end at one end and a small ring end at the other
end in an axial direction. The hexagonal carbon
layers are exposed on at least a part of the large ring
ends. Part of carbon atoms of the hexagonal carbon
layers are replaced with boron atoms whereby
Carbon fiber projections with the boron atoms at the top are
electrode material formed. An electrode material for a secondary battery
for lithium using the carbon fiber excels in lifetime performance
secondary battery has a large electric energy density enables an
and lithium GSI CREOS increase in capacity and excels in conductivity and
US6881521 secondary battery CORP 2002-03-18 electrode reinforcement.
A lithium secondary battery comprising a positive
electrode a negative electrode comprising a
carbonaceous material which is capable of absorbing
and desorbing lithium ions and a non-aqueous
electrolyte disposed between the negative electrode
and the positive electrode. The carbonaceous
material comprises a graphite crystal structure having
an interplanar spacing d002 of at least 0.400 nm
(preferably at least 0.55 nm) as determined from a
(002) reflection peak in powder X-ray diffraction. This
GUO larger interplanar spacing implies a larger interstitial
JIUSHENG,JANG space between two graphene planes to
Carbon anode BOR Z,SHI accommodate a greater amount of lithium. The
compositions for JINJUN,ZHAMU battery exhibits an exceptional specific capacity
US20090047579 lithium ion batteries ARUNA 2007-08-17 excellent reversible capacity and long cycle life.
The invention relates to a lithium manganese
phosphate/carbon nanocomposite as cathode
material for rechargeable electrochemical cells with
the general formula LixMnyM1-y(PO4)z/C where M is
at least one other metal such as Fe Ni Co Cr V Mg
LITHIUM Ca Al B Zn Cu Nb Ti Zr La Ce Y x 0.8-1.1 y
MANGANESE 0.5-1.0 0.9z1.1 with a carbon content of 0.5 to 20
PHOSPHATE/CAR percent by weight characterized by the fact that it is
BON obtained by milling of suitable precursors of
NANOCOMPOSIT LixMnyM1-y(PO4)Z with electro-conductive carbon
ES AS CATHODE black having a specific surface area of at least 80
ACTIVE m2/g or with graphite having a specific surface area
MATERIALS FOR of at least 9.5 m2/g or with activated carbon having a
SECONDARY specific surface area of at least 200 m2/g. The
LITHIUM HIGH POWER invention also concerns a process for manufacturing
US20110012067 BATTERIES LITHIUM S.A. 2009-04-14 said nanocomposite.

A composite composition for electrochemical cell
electrode applications the composition comprising
multiple solid particles wherein (a) a solid particle is
composed of graphene platelets dispersed in or
bonded by a first matrix or binder material wherein
the graphene platelets are not obtained from
graphitization of the first binder or matrix material; (b)
the graphene platelets have a length or width in the
range of 10 nm to 10 mum; (c) the multiple solid
particles are bonded by a second binder material;
and (d) the first or second binder material is selected
from a polymer polymeric carbon amorphous carbon
metal glass ceramic oxide organic material or a
combination thereof. For a lithium ion battery anode
application the first binder or matrix material is
preferably amorphous carbon or polymeric carbon.
Such a composite composition provides a high anode
Graphene capacity and good cycling response. For a
nanocomposites for JANG BOR Z,SHI supercapacitor electrode application the solid
electrochemical cell JINJUN,ZHAMU particles preferably have meso-scale pores therein to
US20100021819 electrodes ARUNA 2008-07-28 accommodate electrolyte.
A solid nanocomposite particle composition for lithium
metal or lithium ion battery electrode applications.
The composition comprises: (A) an electrode active
material in a form of fine particles rods wires fibers
or tubes with a dimension smaller than 1 micro m; (B)
nano graphene platelets (NGPs); and (C) a protective
matrix material reinforced by the NGPs; wherein the
graphene platelets and the electrode active material
are dispersed in the matrix material and the NGPs
occupy a weight fraction wg of 1 percent to 90
percent of the total nanocomposite weight the
electrode active material occupies a weight fraction
wa of 1 percent to 90 percent of the total
nanocomposite weight and the matrix material
occupies a weight fraction wm of at least 2 percent of
the total nanocomposite weight with wg+wa+wm 1.
For a lithium ion battery anode application the matrix
material is preferably amorphous carbon polymeric
Nano graphene carbon or meso-phase carbon. Such a solid
reinforced nanocomposite composition provides a high anode
nanocomposite JANG BOR Z,SHI capacity and good cycling stability. For a cathode
particles for lithium JINJUN,ZHAMU application the resulting lithium metal or lithium ion
US20100143798 battery electrodes ARUNA 2008-12-04 battery exhibits an exceptionally high cycle life.

A process for producing solid nanocomposite
particles for lithium metal or lithium ion battery
electrode applications is provided. In one preferred
embodiment the process comprises: (A) Preparing
an electrode active material in a form of fine particles
rods wires fibers or tubes with a dimension smaller
than 1 micro m; (B) Preparing separated or isolated
nano graphene platelets with a thickness less than 50
nm; (C) Dispersing the nano graphene platelets and
the electrode active material in a precursor fluid
medium to form a suspension wherein the fluid
medium contains a precursor matrix material
dispersed or dissolved therein; and (D) Converting
the suspension to the solid nanocomposite particles
wherein the precursor matrix material is converted
into a protective matrix material reinforced by the
nano graphene platelets and the electrode active
material is substantially dispersed in the protective
matrix material. For a lithium ion battery anode
Process for application the matrix material is preferably
producing nano amorphous carbon polymeric carbon or meso-phase
graphene carbon. Such solid nanocomposite particles provide a
reinforced high anode capacity and good cycling stability. For a
composite particles JANG BOR Z,SHI cathode application the resulting lithium metal or
for lithium battery JINJUN,ZHAMU lithium ion battery exhibits an exceptionally high cycle
US20100176337 electrodes ARUNA 2009-01-13 life.
This invention provides a process for producing a
lithium secondary battery. The process comprises: (a)
providing a positive electrode; (b) providing a
negative electrode comprising a carbonaceous
material capable of absorbing and desorbing lithium
ions wherein the carbonaceous material is obtained
by chemically or electrochemically treating a laminar
graphite material to form a graphite crystal structure
having an interplanar spacing d002 of at least 0.400
nm as determined from a (002) reflection peak in
powder X-ray diffraction; and (c) providing a non-
aqueous electrolyte disposed between the negative
electrode and the positive electrode to form the
battery structure. This larger interplanar spacing
(greater than 0.400 nm preferably no less than 0.55
Process for nm) implies a larger interstitial space between two
producing carbon graphene planes to accommodate a greater amount
anode of lithium. The resulting battery exhibits an
compositions for JANG BOR exceptionally high specific capacity an excellent
US20090090640 lithium ion batteries Z,ZHAMU ARUNA 2007-10-05 reversible capacity and a long cycle life.

This invention provides a mixed nano-filament
composition for use as an electrochemical cell
electrode. The composition comprises: (a) an
aggregate of nanometer-scaled electrically
conductive filaments that are substantially
interconnected intersected or percolated to form a
porous electrically conductive filament network
wherein the filaments have a length and a diameter
or thickness with the diameter/thickness less than
500 nm (preferably 100 nm) and a length-to-diameter
or length-to-thickness aspect ratio greater than 10;
and (b) Multiple nanometer-scaled electro-active
filaments comprising an electro-active material
capable of absorbing and desorbing lithium ions
wherein the electro-active filaments have a diameter
or thickness less than 500 nm (preferably 100 nm).
The electro-active filaments (e.g. nanowires) and the
electrically conductive filaments (e.g. carbon nano
fibers) are mixed to form a mat- web- or porous
paper-like structure in which at least an electro-active
filament is in electrical contact with at least an
electrically conductive filament. Also provided is a
Mixed nano- lithium ion battery comprising such an electrode as
filament electrode an anode or cathode or both. The battery exhibits an
materials for lithium JANG BOR exceptionally high specific capacity an excellent
US20090176159 ion batteries Z,ZHAMU ARUNA 2008-01-09 reversible capacity and a long cycle life.
This invention provides a hybrid nano-filament
composition for use as a cathode active material. The
composition comprises (a) an aggregate of
nanometer-scaled electrically conductive filaments
that are substantially interconnected intersected or
percolated to form a porous electrically conductive
filament network wherein the filaments have a length
and a diameter or thickness with the diameter or
thickness being less than 500 nm; and (b) micron- or
nanometer-scaled coating that is deposited on a
surface of the filaments wherein the coating
comprises a cathode active material capable of
absorbing and desorbing lithium ions and the coating
has a thickness less than 10 mum preferably less
than 1 mum and more preferably less than 500 nm.
Also provided is a lithium metal battery or lithium ion
battery that comprises such a cathode. Preferably
Hybrid nano- the battery includes an anode that is manufactured
filament cathode according to a similar hybrid nano filament approach.
compositions for The battery exhibits an exceptionally high specific
lithium metal or JANG BOR capacity an excellent reversible capacity and a long
US20090186276 lithium ion batteries Z,ZHAMU ARUNA 2008-01-18 cycle life.
A method of producing a lithium-ion battery anode
comprising: (a) providing an anode active material;
(b) intercalating or absorbing a desired amount of
lithium into this anode active material to produce a
prelithiated anode active material; (c) comminuting
the prelithiated anode active material into fine
particles with an average size less than 10 micro m
(preferably sub-micron and more preferably 200 nm);
and (d) combining multiple fine particles of
Method of prelithiated anode active material with a conductive
producing additive and/or a binder material to form the anode.
prelithiated anodes The battery featuring such an anode exhibits an
for secondary JANG BOR exceptionally high specific capacity an excellent
US20100120179 lithium ion batteries Z,ZHAMU ARUNA 2008-11-13 reversible capacity and a long cycle life.

The present invention provides a lithium ion battery
that exhibits a significantly improved specific capacity
and much longer charge-discharge cycle life. In one
preferred embodiment the battery comprises an
anode active material that has been prelithiated and
pre-pulverized. This anode may be prepared with a
method that comprises (a) providing an anode active
material (preferably in the form of fine powder or thin
film); (b) intercalating or absorbing a desired amount
of lithium into the anode active material to produce a
prelithiated anode active material; (c) comminuting
the prelithiated anode active material into fine
particles with an average size less than 10 micro m
(preferably 1 micro m and most preferably 200 nm);
and (d) combining multiple fine particles of the
prelithiated anode active material with a conductive
additive and/or a binder material to form the anode.
Secondary lithium Preferably the prelithiated particles are protected by
ion battery a lithium ion-conducting matrix or coating material.
containing a JANG BOR Further preferably the matrix material is reinforced
US20100173198 prelithiated anode Z,ZHAMU ARUNA 2009-01-02 with nano graphene platelets.
Disclosed are a graphene composite nanofiber and a
preparation method thereof. The graphene composite
nanofiber is produced by dispersing graphenes to at
least one of a surface and inside of a polymer
nanofiber or a carbon nanofiber having a diameter of
11000 nm and the graphenes include at least one
type of monolayer graphenes and multilayer
graphenes having a thickness of 10 nm or less. The
GRAPHENE graphene composite nanofiber can be applied to
COMPOSITE various industrial fields e.g. a light emitting display
NANOFIBER AND KOREA a micro resonator a transistor a sensor a
PREPARATION INSTITUTE OF transparent electrode a fuel cell a solar cell a
METHOD SCIENCE AND secondary cell and a composite material owing to a
US20100317790 THEREOF TECHNOLOGY 2010-02-25 unique structure and property of graphene.
Modified anode
material for lithium
secondary battery
with non-aqueous
electrolyte or
polymer gel is Modified anode material for lithium secondary
based on natural or batteries comprises carbon (C) material e.g. carbon
synthetic carbon LITHIUM black coke graphite graphene mesophase graphite
material reacted TECHNOLOGY mesocarbon microbeads of natural or synthetic origin
DE10108361 with metal alkyl CORP 2001-02-21 reacted with metal alkyls (I).

This application relates to the use of an expanded
graphite material prepared by adding C1F3 in liquid
form to solid carbon by heating the mixture at a
reaction temperature between 22 to 100 degrees
centigrade to form intercalated compounds of the
formula C2F.xC1F3 and C1Fgas with the C2F being
a solid material present in layers and the C1F3 being
a gaseous material present between adjacent layers
of C2F according to the reaction C (solid) + (x+1/2)
C1F3 (liquid) C2F.xC1F3 (solid) +1/2C1F(gas). The
method further comprises the step of subsequently
heating the intercalated compound to expel the C1F3
gas and to simultaneously form CF4 gas with the gas
formation and expulsion serving to expand the
structure formed by the C2F layers with the C2F
layers changing composition to carbon layers with a
USE OF A percentage of fluorine in the range up to 5 percent
SUPERFINE said heating temperature lying in the range from 400
EXPANDED to 500 degrees centigrade Such an expanded
GRAPHITE AND graphite material is particularly useful in
PREPARATION MAX-PLANCK- electrochemical devices e.g as an anode in a lithium
WO2009153051 THEREOF GESELLSCHAFT 2009-06-19 ion battery or as a catalyst support.
A core-shell composition for gas storage comprising
a hollow or porous core and a shell comprising a
nanocomposite. The nanocomposite is composed of
an exfoliated layered filler dispersed in a matrix
material which provides high mechanical strength to
hold a high pressure gas such as hydrogen and high
resistance to gas permeation. Alternatively the
porous core may contain a plurality of cavities
selected from the group consisting of shell-hollow
core micro-spheres shell-porous core micro-spheres
and combinations thereof. These core-shell
compositions each capable of containing a great
amount of hydrogen gas can be used to store and
Nanocomposite feed hydrogen to fuel cells that supply electricity to
compositions for apparatus such as portable electronic devices
hydrogen storage automobiles and unmanned aerial vehicles where
and methods for NANOTEK mass is a major concern. A related method of storing
supplying hydrogen INSTRUMENTS and releasing hydrogen gas in or out of a plurality of
US7186474 to fuel cells INC. 2004-08-03 core-shell compositions is also disclosed.
The present invention provides a nano-scaled
graphene platelet-based composite material
composition for use as an electrode particularly as
an anode of a lithium ion battery. The composition
comprises: (a) micron- or nanometer-scaled particles
or coating which are capable of absorbing and
desorbing lithium ions; and (b) a plurality of nano-
scaled graphene platelets (NGPs) wherein a platelet
comprises a graphene sheet or a stack of graphene
sheets having a platelet thickness less than 100 nm;
wherein at least one of the particles or coating is
physically attached or chemically bonded to at least
one of the graphene platelets and the amount of
platelets is in the range of 2 percent to 90 percent by
weight and the amount of particles or coating in the
Nano graphene range of 98 percent to 10 percent by weight. Also
platelet-base provided is a lithium secondary battery comprising
composite anode NANOTEK such a negative electrode (anode). The battery
compositions for INSTRUMENTS exhibits an exceptional specific capacity an excellent
US7745047 lithium ion batteries INC. 2007-11-05 reversible capacity and a long cycle life.

The present invention refers to a nanostructured
material comprising nanoparticles bound to its
surface. The nanostructured material comprises
nanoparticles which are bound to the surface
wherein the nanoparticles have a maximal dimension
NANOPARTICLE of about 20 nm. Furthermore the nanostructured
DECORATED material comprises pores having a maximal
NANOSTRUCTUR dimension of between about 2 nm to about 5
ED MATERIAL AS micrometres. The nanoparticles bound on the surface
ELECTRODE of the nanostructured material are noble metal
MATERIAL AND nanoparticles or metal oxide nanoparticles or
METHOD FOR NANYANG mixtures thereof. The present invention also refers to
OBTAINING THE TECHNOLOGICA a method of their manufacture and the use of these
WO2010027336 SAME L UNIVERSITY 2009-09-07 materials as electrode material.
A graphite nanofiber material herein provided has a

cylindrical structure in which graphene sheets each
having an ice-cream cone-like shape whose tip is cut
off are put in layers through catalytic metal particles;
or a structure in which small pieces of graphene
sheets having a shape adapted for the facial shape of
a catalytic metal particle are put on top of each other
through the catalytic metal particles. The catalytic
metal comprises Fe Co or an alloy including at least
one of these metals. The material can be used for
producing an electron-emitting source a display
element which is designed in such a manner that
only a desired portion of a luminous body emits light
a negative electrode carbonaceous material for
batteries and a lithium ion secondary battery. The
Graphite nanofibers electron-emitting source (a cold cathode ray source)
electron-emitting has a high electron emission density and an ability of
source and method emitting electrons at a low electric field which have
for preparing the never or less been attained by the carbon nanotube.
same display The negative electrode carbonaceous material for
element equipped batteries has a high quantity of doped lithium and
with the electron- NIHON SHINKU ensures high charging and discharging efficiencies.
emitting source as GIJUTSU Moreover the lithium ion secondary battery has a
well as lithium ion KABUSHIKI sufficiently long cycle life a fast charging ability and
US6812634 secondary battery KAISHA 2001-02-05 high charging and discharging capacities.
The invention provides an anode comprising a

nanocomposite of graphene-oxide and a silicon-
based polymer matrix. The anode exhibits a high
energy density such as 800 mAhg1 reversible
capacity a superlative power density that exceeds
250 kW/kg a good stability and a robust resistance
to failure among others. The anodes can be widely
ELECTRODE used in a lithium-ion battery an electric car a hybrid
MATERIAL electromotive car a mobile phone and a personal
LITHIUM-ION computer etc. The invention also provides a liquid
BATTERY AND phase process and a solid-state process for making
METHOD PDC ENERGY the nanocomposite both involving in-situ reduction of
US20100291438 THEREOF LLC 2009-06-12 the graphene-oxide during a pyrolysis procedure.

The invention discloses a method for preparing
graphene which belongs to the technical field of
chemical synthesis. The method is characterized in
that sodium metal and halogenated hydrocarbon are
taken as raw materials to react in a solvent in inert
atmosphere so as to prepare the grapheme; reaction
temperature is preferably between 120 and 400 DEG
C and is more preferably between 160 and 360 DEG
C; the molar ratio of the sodium metal to the
halogenated hydrocarbon is preferably between 1:1
and 100:1 wherein the halogenated hydrocarbon can
be added before reaction or during the reaction; and
the halogenated hydrocarbon is preferably
halogenated C1-4 aliphatic hydrocarbon and
halogenated benzene such as tetrachloroethylene
hexachlorobenzene trichloroethylene
bromobenzene ethylenetetrabromide and the like.
The method also preferably performs post-treatment
on the prepared graphene so as to improve purity.
The method has the advantages of simple equipment
easy operation low cost high yield and good product
properties can play an important role in the industrial
production of graphene and related products such as
Preparation of PEKING lithium ion batteries and the like and is broad in
CN101462719 graphene UNIVERSITY 2009-01-16 application prospects.
The invention provides a graphene and a preparation
method thereof belonging to the technical field of
grapheme synthesis. Nitrogen-doped grapheme can
be prepared by using a direct current electric arc
method and taking mixed gas of ammonia gas and
helium gas as reaction atmosphere. The nitrogen-
doped grapheme with high yield can be prepared by
adopting the preparation method of the grapheme
under low pressure and low current and has high
production safety. The purity of the prepared
grapheme is over 97 percent; by the characterization
of a transmission electron microscope the layer
number of the prepared grapheme is between 2 and
6 the size of grapheme sheets is between 100 and
200 nanometers and the interlayer spacing is about
0.4 nanometer. The produced nitrogen-doped
Graphene and grapheme has favorable application prospect in
preparation method PEKING catalyst carriers lithium ion batteries conductive thin
CN101717083 thereof UNIVERSITY 2009-12-29 films and other aspects.

The invention discloses a preparation method of
negative electrode material of lithium ion battery;
oxidation ultrasonic dispersion vacuum filtration
natural air drying are carried out on the crystalline
flake graphite using sodium nitrate potassium
permanganate and concentrated sulfuric acid to
obtain the lithium ion battery negative electrode
material namely graphene film with an area of 0.1-
100 cm and a thickness of 0.1-100 microns. The
negative electrode material in the invention has the
advantages of high conductivity large reaction area
large free expansion space in charge and discharge
and adaption to different environments with high
charge and discharge rates and the like thus
realizing high cycling battery performance high
battery specific capacity and swift charge and
discharge capabilities of batteries; the reversible
specific capacity can maintain above 300mAh-g when
charging and discharging with current of 100mAh-
Preparation method g.The preparation process of the negative electrode
of negative material of lithium ion battery is free of agglomerant
electrode material SHANGHAI conductive agent and metal current collectors thus
of lithium ion JIAOTONG simplifying production process greatly reducing cost
CN101604750 battery UNIVERSITY 2009-07-09 and being applicable to industrialized production.
The invention relates to a graphene nanometer
sheet-cobaltous oxide composite negative electrode
material of a lithium ion battery and a preparation
method thereof and belongs to the technical field of
batteries. The negative electrode material consists of
graphene nanometer sheets and cobaltous oxide
wherein the graphene nanometer sheets are
distributed on cobaltous oxide particles in a
staggering way; the mass fraction of the graphene
nanometer sheets is 5 to 90 percent; the thickness of
the graphene nanometer sheets is 1 to 50
nanometers; and the particle size of the cobaltous
oxide is 10 to 500 nanometers. The preparation
method comprises the following steps: dispersing
graphite oxide in alcohol-water solution or aqueous
solution with ultrasound or stirring; adding cobalt salt
alkali and a reducing agent into the mixture and
pouring the mixture into a hydrothermal kettle after
stirring; performing further sealing and synchronous
hydrothermal reaction washing filtering and drying to
Graphene obtain a graphene nanometer sheet-cobaltous oxide
nanometer sheet- composite; and processing the graphene nanometer
cobaltous oxide sheet-cobaltous oxide composite in the protective
composite negative atmosphere to obtain the graphene nanometer sheet-
electrode material cobaltous oxide composite negative electrode
of lithium ion material. In the invention when the material is
battery and SHANGHAI charged or discharged by a current of 200mA/g the
preparation method JIAOTONG reversible specific capacity of the material can be
CN101800302 thereof UNIVERSITY 2010-04-15 stabilized in a range of over 900mAh/g.

The invention provides a composite anode material of
graphene nanoflakes and cobalt hydroxide for a
lithium ion battery and a preparation method thereof.
The anode material is composed of graphene
nanoflakes and cobalt hydroxide wherein the
graphene nanoflakes are in interlaced distribution on
the cobalt hydroxide particles; the mass fraction of
the graphene nanoflakes is 10-90 percent and the
thickness thereof is 1-50 nanometers; the particle
diameter of the cobalt hydroxide is 0.5-30
micrometers. The preparation method comprises the
following steps: carrying out ultrasound or stirring on
graphite oxide firstly to disperse in alcohol-water
Composite anode solution or water solution; adding cobalt salt alkali
material of and reductive agent to the solution; pouring the
graphene solution into a hydrothermal reactor after being
nanoflakes and stirred; and then sealing reacting filtering washing
cobalt hydroxide for and stoving the solution. As the anode material
lithium ion battery SHANGHAI charges or discharges in 200 mA/g electric current
and preparation JIAOTONG the reversible specific capacity of the composite
CN101867046 method thereof UNIVERSITY 2010-04-15 material can be stabilized to be above 900 mAh/g.
The invention relates to an anode for lithium

secondary battery comprising vapor grown carbon
fiber uniformly dispersed without forming an
agglomerate of 10 mum or larger in an anode active
material using natural graphite or artificial graphite
METHOD FOR which anode is excellent in long cycle life and large
PRODUCING current characteristics. Composition used for
ANODE FOR production for the anode can be produced for
LITHIUM example by mixing a thickening agent solution
SECONDARY containing an anode active material a thickening
BATTERY AND agent aqueous solution and styrene butadiene rubber
ANODE as binder with a composition containing carbon fiber
COMPOSITION dispersed in a thickening agent with a predetermined
AND LITHIUM viscosity or by mixing an anode active material with
SECONDARY SHOWA DENKO vapor grown carbon fiber in dry state and then adding
US20090123850 BATTERY K.K. 2006-07-03 polyvinylidene difluoride thereto.
A graphitized fine carbon fiber comprising a hollow

space extending along its center axis and a plurality
of graphene sheets wherein the fiber has an end
surface comprising a portion of discontinuity in which
ends of graphene sheets are not bonded to one
Graphite fine another and at least one portion of continuity
carbon fiber and comprised of at least one group of graphene sheets
production method SHOWA DENKO in which one graphene sheet is bonded to another
US7150840 and use thereof K.K. 2003-08-27 graphene sheet adjacent thereto.

The invention discloses a method for preparing a
graphene-doped anode material for lithium-ion
batteries. The main component of the anode material
is lithium iron phosphate nanoparticles. The method
comprises the following steps of: firstly preparing the
graphene graphene oxide and intercalation
graphene respectively; secondly doping the mixture
of the graphene the graphene oxide and the
intercalation graphene in the synthetic material of the
lithium iron phosphate nanoparticles or directly mixing
the lithium iron phosphate nanoparticles and the
intercalation graphene the graphene oxide or
chemically reduced graphene after the preparation of
lithium iron phosphate nanoparticles; and finally
synthesizing the graphene or graphene oxide bridged
or lithium iron phosphate nanoparticle-clad material
after the treatment of drying filtering eluting re-
drying and annealing. The lithium iron phosphate
nanoparticles prepared by the method of the
Method for invention are characterized by the capability of
preparing SUZHOU greatly improving electron conductivity and providing
graphene-doped INSTITUTE OF the lithium-ion batteries anode material having the
anode material for NANO TECH AND advantages of simple processing technique low cost
CN101800310 lithium-ion batteries NANO BIONICS 2010-04-02 high capacity and safety for lithium-ion batteries.
Nanocomposits of conductive nanoparticulate

particular PEDOT and LiFePO 4 were found to be
coated LiFePO 4 in carbon black and graphite filled
containing composite outperformed the other two
samples. The performance of PEDOT composite was
especially better in the high current regime with
Electrically capacity retention of 82 percent after 200 cycles.
conductive Further improvement can be obtained if the porosity
nanocomposite of the nanocomposit is enhanced. Hence an
material comprising electrode produced from a composite made of
sacrificial conductive nanoparticulate polymer electronically
nanoparticles and active material and sacrificial polymer wherein the
open porous sacrificial polymer has been removed leaving pores
nanocomposites has improved electrolyte and ion diffusion properties
EP2237346 produced thereof SWATCH GROUP 2009-04-01 allowing the production of thicker electrodes.
Nanocomposites of conductive nanoparticulate

particular PEDOT and LiFePO4 were found to be
coated LiFePO4 in carbon black and graphite filled
ELECTRICALLY containing composite outperformed the other two
CONDUCTIVE samples. The performance of PEDOT composite was
NANOCOMPOSIT especially better in the high current regime with
E MATERIAL capacity retention of 82 percent after 200 cycles.
COMPRISING Further improvement can be obtained if the porosity
SACRIFICIAL of the nanocomposites is enhanced. Hence an
NANOPARTICLES electrode produced from a composite made of
AND OPEN conductive nanoparticulate polymer electronically
POROUS active material and sacrificial polymer wherein the
NANOCOMPOSIT sacrificial polymer has been removed leaving pores
ES PRODUCED has improved electrolyte and ion diffusion properties
US20100308277 THEREOF SWATCH GROUP 2010-03-11 allowing the production of thicker electrodes.

METHOD FOR
PREPARING
UNIQUE A novel method for preparing unique composition
COMPOSITION high-performance anode materials with high energy
HIGH density high power density high stability and
PERFORMANCE excellent cyclability for electrochemical energy
ANODE THE REGENTS storage devices in particular for lithium ion batteries
MATERIALS FOR OF THE wherein this method and material circumvent and
LITHIUM ION UNIVERSITY OF surpass the limitations of those methods and
WO2010101936 BATTERIES CALIFORNIA 2010-03-02 materials currently available.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a lithium ion
secondary battery having energy density higher than
a battery using graphite in a negative active material
and cycle characteristics equal to or higher than it.
SOLUTION: The lithium ion secondary battery uses a
LITHIUM ION graphene compound including hexabenzocoronene
SECONDARY as a base skeleton having 18 C to 144 C [for example
JP2009151956 BATTERY TOYOTA GROUP 2007-12-18 general formula (1)] as a negative active material.
Disclosed is a method for producing a carbon
material which is mainly composed of graphene-
containing carbon particles. The method comprises a
step in which carbon particles are formed from an
organic material by maintaining a mixture that
contains the organic material as a starting material
hydrogen peroxide and water at a temperature of
300-1 000 degrees centigrade and a pressure of not
less than 22 MPa. The method also comprises a step
in which the carbon particles are subjected to a heat
treatment that is carried out at a temperature higher
than the temperature at which the mixture is
maintained in the carbon particle formation step. The
carbon material produced by the method is useful as
an active material for a secondary battery or an active
CARBON material for an electric double layer capacitor since
MATERIAL AND substances such as ions can easily enter into and
METHOD FOR exit from the spaces between graphenes in the
PRODUCING carbon particles due to the structure of the carbon
WO2010123081 SAME TOYOTA GROUP 2010-04-22 material.
A method of forming a composite material for use as

an anode for a lithium-ion battery is disclosed. The
steps include selecting a carbon material as a
Carbon materials constituent part of the composite chemically treating
metal/metal oxide UNITED STATES the selected carbon material to receive nanoparticles
nanoparticle OF AMERICA AS incorporating nanoparticles into the chemically
composite and REPRESENTED treated carbon material and removing surface
battery anode BY THE nanoparticles from an outside surface of the carbon
composed of the ADMINISTRATOR material with incorporated nanoparticles. A material
US7094499 same OF NASA 2003-06-10 making up the nanoparticles alloys with lithium.

The invention provides a lithium ion battery adopting
graphene as a cathode material. The lithium ion
battery which is prepared by the low-temperature
method and adopts the graphene material as the
cathode material includes a metal casing a plate
electrode electrolytic solution and a septum wherein
active substances used by the anode plate electrode
are commonly used anode materials for the lithium
ion battery and include lithium cobaltate lithium iron
phosphate lithium manganate lithium nickelate a
ternary lithium-nickelate-cobaltate-manganate
material and the like; and the electrolytic solution is
lithium hexaflourophosphate electrolytic solution used
by the lithium ion battery. The cathode of the lithium
ion battery adopting the graphene material as the
cathode material is made of the graphene material.
The first discharge capacity of the lithium ion battery
adopting the graphene material as the cathode
material can reach 400 to 800mAh/g and the first
charge discharge efficiency can reach 40 to 90
percent; and after 20 cycles the discharge capacity
of the lithium ion battery can still reach 380 to
450mAh/g. The lithium ion battery has the
advantages of simple preparation process of the
graphene material easy operation and low cost; and
Lithium ion battery the lithium ion battery adopting the graphene as the
adopting graphene UNIVERSITY OF cathode material has high discharge capacity and
CN101572327 as cathode material TIANJIN 2009-06-11 favorable cycle performance.
The invention relates to a preparation method of
single-layer grapheme and belongs to the technical
field of grapheme preparation. Single-layer graphene
oxide is used as raw materials and the invention
comprises the following steps: dropwise adding
concentrated sulfuric acid according to volume ratio
in single-layer graphene oxide water dispersion liquid
under the condition of an ice-water bath to prepare
reaction liquid with sulfuric acid mass concentration
of 70 percent -90 percent; reacting at 60 DEG C-100
DEG C and then diluting with deionized water
cooling to room temperature and filtering; washing a
filter cake with the deionized water placing the filter
cake in a vacuum dryer and drying at 65 DEG C-75
degrees centrigrade to obtain black grapheme. The
invention has the advantages of low raw material cost
no poisons or damages and simple operation and is
suitable for mass production. The prepared single-
layer grapheme can be used in micro electronic
Preparation method elements lithium ion batteries fuel batteries nano
of single-layer UNIVERSITY OF reinforced composites and other fields and has wide
CN101693534 graphene TIANJIN 2009-10-09 application prospects.

The invention relates to an electrode with grapheme
as conductive additive and application thereof in a
lithium ion battery. 1 to 30 percent of graphene active
substance is added into positive pole active
substance; or grapheme which is 1 to 30 percent of
the active substance in percentage by weight is
added into negative pole active substance. The
assembled lithium ion battery is the lithium ion battery
with the positive pole added with graphene
conductive additive and the negative pole the same
with the negative pole of the traditional industrial
lithium ion battery or the lithium ion battery the
positive pole of which is the same with the positive
pole of the traditional industrial lithium ion battery
and the negative pole added with the graphene
conductive additive or the lithium ion battery with the
positive pole and the negative pole simultaneously
added with the graphene conductive additive. The
invention significantly improves the high-power
charge and discharge properties as well as the
charge and discharge efficiency and the cycle life of
the battery; and researches have shown that the
Electrode with charge and discharge properties of the lithium iron
grapheme as phosphate of the grapheme which is 10 percent of
conductive additive the active substance in percentage by weight are
and application close to or better than the charge and discharge
thereof in lithium UNIVERSITY OF properties of the lithium iron phosphate which
CN101794874 ion battery TIANJIN 2009-08-25 contains 20 percent of conductive carbon black.

Transistor Patents
Patent Number Title Assignees Filing Date Abstract

A graphene-based device is formed with a
trench in one or more layers of material a
Device and process graphene layer within the trench and a device
of forming device structure on the graphene layer and within the
with pre-patterned trench. Fabrication techniques includes forming
trench and a trench defined by one or more layers of
graphene-based ADVANCED material forming a graphene layer within the
device structure MICRO DEVICES trench and forming a device structure on the
US7858990 formed therein INC. 2008-08-29 graphene layer and within the trench.
An electronic device comprises a body
including a single crystal region on a major
surface of the body. The single crystal region
has a hexagonal crystal lattice that is
substantially lattice-matched to graphene and
a at least one epitaxial layer of graphene is
disposed on the single crystal region. In a
currently preferred embodiment the single
crystal region comprises multilayered
hexagonal BN. A method of making such an
electronic device comprises the steps of: (a)
providing a body including a single crystal
region on a major surface of the body. The
single crystal region has a hexagonal crystal
lattice that is substantially lattice-matched to
graphene and (b) epitaxially forming a at least
one graphene layer on that region. In a
currently preferred embodiment step (a) further
includes the steps of (a1) providing a single
crystal substrate of graphite and (a2) epitaxially
forming multilayered single crystal hexagonal
BN on the substrate. The hexagonal BN layer
Devices including has a surface region substantially lattice-
graphene layers matched to graphene and step (b) includes
epitaxially grown on epitaxially forming at least one graphene layer
single crystal ALCATEL-LUCENT on the surface region of the hexagonal BN
US20100051907 substrates INC. 2009-10-01 layer. Applications to FETs are described.
A high-density memory array. A plurality of
word lines and a plurality of bit lines are
arranged to access a plurality of memory cells.
Each memory cell includes a first conductive
terminal and an article in physical and electrical
contact with the first conductive terminal the
article comprising a plurality of nanoscopic
particles. A second conductive terminal is in
physical and electrical contact with the article.
Select circuitry is arranged in electrical
NONVOLATILE communication with a bit line of the plurality of
NANOTUBE bit lines and one of the first and second
DIODES AND BERTIN CLAUDE conductive terminals. The article has a physical
NONVOLATILE L,GHENCIU dimension that defines a spacing between the
NANOTUBE ELIODOR first and second conductive terminals such that
BLOCKS AND G,MANNING the nanotube article is interposed between the
SYSTEMS USING MONTGOMERY first and second conducive terminals. A logical
SAME AND H,NANTERO state of each memory cell is selectable by
METHODS OF INC.,RUECKERS activation only of the bit line and the word line
WO2010059153 MAKING SAME THOMAS 2008-11-19 connected to that memory cell.

A bi-layer pseudo-spin field-effect transistor
(BiSFET) is disclosed. The BiSFET includes a
first and second conduction layers separated
by a tunnel dielectric. The BiSFET transistor
also includes a first gate separated from the
first conduction layer by an insulating dielectric
layer and a second gate separated from the
second conduction layer by an insulating layer.
These conduction layers may be composed of
graphene. The voltages applied to the first
and/or second gates can control the peak
current and associated voltage value for
current flow between top and bottom
conduction channels and interlayer current
voltage characteristic exhibiting negative
BI-LAYER BOARD OF differential resistance. BiSFETs may be used to
PSEUDO-SPIN REGENTS THE make a variety of logic gates. A clocked power
FIELD-EFFECT UNIVERSITY OF supply scheme may be used to facilitate
US20100127243 TRANSISTOR TEXAS SYSTEM 2009-11-24 BiSFET-based logic.
An integrated circuit (IC) includes an
interconnect system made of electrically
conducting ribtan material. The integrated
circuit includes a substrate a set of circuit
elements that are formed on the substrate an
interconnect system that interconnects the
Integrated Circuit circuit elements. At least part of the
with Ribtan CARBEN interconnect system is made of a metallic ribtan
US20100224998 Interconnects SEMICON LTD. 2009-06-25 material.
The present invention relates generally to the
field of integrated electronics. More specifically
the present invention relates to patterned
PATTERNED graphene-like carbon-based integrated circuits
INTEGRATED and methods of production thereof. Methods of
CIRCUIT AND photo- electron-beam projection extreme-
METHOD OF ultraviolet and imprint lithographic patterning
PRODUCTION CARBEN and also several thermal patterning methods
WO2009158552 THEREOF SEMICON LTD. 2009-06-26 are disclosed in the present invention.
The invention relates to a neural network circuit
comprising nanoscale devices (411-415 421-
425) acting as synapses and CMOS circuits
(201 202) acting as neurons. It finds a
particular interest for computing circuits and
systems involving complex functions or
handling of huge amounts of data. Comparing
with the existing proposals this architecture
promises small die area high speed thanks to
massively parallel learning and low power. The
nanoscale devices (411-415 421-425)
comprise two terminals and are connected to
row conductors (221 222) and to column
conductors (231-235) in a matrix-like fashion. A
CMOS circuit (201 202) is connected at one
end of each row conductor (221 222). An
electrical characteristic between the two
terminals of each nanoscale device (411-415
421-425) is able to be modified by a signal
applied to the second terminal. The neural
network further comprises for each row
conductor (221 222) means (401 402) for
preventing the electrical characteristics of the
nanoscale devices (411-415 421-425)
Neural network connected to the considered row conductor
circuit comprising COMMISSARIAT A (221 222) from being modified by a signal
nanoscale synapses LENERGIE applied to the second terminal of said
EP2230633 and CMOS neurons ATOMIQUE 2009-03-17 nanoscale devices.

The film (1) has an outer layer (4) and
inorganic layers (12 22 32) respectively
formed on organic polymeric layers (11 21
31). One of the organic layers form a film face
that is delaminated with respect to a rigid
silicon/glass substrate (2). The face is made of
transparent polymer having reduced adhesion
with the substrate. The organic and inorganic
layers have thicknesses respectively ranging
between 2 and 20 micrometers and between
20 and 200 micrometers and chosen such that
Flexible transparent total thickness of the film is greater than or
and self-supporting equal to 10 micrometers to allow the
multi-layer film for delamination of the face. The outer layer is
e.g. organic LED made of transparent conductive oxide such as
device has organic indium tin oxide and zinc oxide or a compound
and inorganic layers chosen from graphene monolayer composite
whose thicknesses carbon nanotube and transparent conductive
are chosen such that oxide/metal/transparent conductive oxide
total thickness of film structure composites. An INDEPENDENT
is greater than or COMMISSARIAT A CLAIM is also included for a method for
equal to ten LENERGIE fabricating a flexible transparent and self-
FR2938375 micrometers ATOMIQUE 2009-03-16 supporting multi-layer film.
The invention describes a method for
CONSEJO producing fullerenes and heterofullerenes
SUPERIOR DE based on the dehydrogenation of organic
INVESTIGACIONE precursors by means of the catalytic action of a
S highly reactive monocrystalline material for
CIENTIFICAS,INST example Pt(III). The fullerenes are produced on
ITUTE OF curved surfaces (nanoparticles) or on sheets of
CHEMICAL the catalytic material and the fullerenes can be
RESEARCH OF released subsequently for future uses. In
CATALONA addition sheets bearing adhered fullerenes
METHOD FOR ICIQ,INSTITUTO may be used as molecular electronic devices
OBTAINING NACIONAL DE for example as an electron donor in diodes
FULLERENES AND TECNOLOGIA molecular transistors photovoltaic cells or
FULLERENES AEROESPACIAL optical limiters wherein C60 forms the active
WO2009156539 THUS OBTAINED INTA 2009-06-18 layer.
An electronic structure modulation transistor
having two gates separated from a channel by
ELECTRONIC- corresponding dielectric layers wherein the
STRUCTURE channel is formed of a material having an
MODULATION CORNELL electronic structure that is modified by an
US20100214012 TRANSISTOR UNIVERSITY 2010-02-23 electric field across the channel.
Provided are a thermistor with 3 terminals a
thermistor-transistor including the thermistor a
circuit for controlling heat of a power transistor
using the thermistor-transistor and a power
system including the circuit. The circuit
includes: a thermistor-transistor which
THERMISTOR comprises a thermistor having a resistance
WITH 3 decreasing with an increase in temperature and
TERMINALS a control transistor connected to the thermistor;
THERMISTOR- and at least one power transistor which is
TRANSISTOR connected to a driving device to control a
CIRCUIT FOR supply of power to the driving device wherein
CONTROLLING the thermistor-transistor is adhered to one of a
HEAT OF POWER surface and a heat-emitting part of the at least
TRANSISTOR one power transistor and is connected to one of
USING THE ELECTRONICS a base a gate a collector and a drain of the at
THERMISTOR- AND least one power transistor to decrease or block
TRANSISTOR AND TELECOMMUNICA a current flowing in the at least one power
POWER SYSTEM TIONS transistor when the temperature of the at least
INCLUDING THE RESEARCH one power transistor rises so as to prevent the
US20100122976 CIRCUIT INSTITUTE 2009-10-29 power transistor from heating up.

Provided is a field effect transistor including a
graphene channel layer and capable of
increasing an on/off ratio of an operating
current by using the graphene of the graphene
channel layer. The field effect transistor
includes: a substrate; the graphene channel
layer which is disposed on a portion of the
substrate and includes graphene; a first
electrode disposed on a first region of the
graphene channel layer and a portion of the
substrate; an interlayer disposed on a second
region of the graphene channel layer which is
apart from the first region and a portion of the
ELECTRONICS substrate; a second electrode disposed on the
FIELD EFFECT AND interlayer; a gate insulation layer disposed on a
TRANSISTOR TELECOMMUNICA portion of the graphene channel layer the first
HAVING TIONS electrode and the second electrode; and a
GRAPHENE RESEARCH gate electrode disposed on a portion of the
US20100258787 CHANNEL LAYER INSTITUTE 2009-12-29 gate insulation layer.
A method includes an act of providing a
crystalline substrate with a diamond-type lattice
and an exposed substantially (111)-surface.
GARCIA JORGE The method also includes an act of forming a
Devices With MANUEL,PFEIFFE graphene layer or a graphene-like layer on the
US20100285639 Graphene Layers R LOREN N 2010-07-19 exposed substantially (111)-surface.
In a method of making graphite devices a
preselected crystal face of a crystal is annealed
to create a thin-film graphitic layer disposed
against selected face. A preselected pattern is
generated on the thin-film graphitic layer. A
functional structure includes a crystalline
substrate having a preselected crystal face. A
Patterned thin film thin-film graphitic layer is disposed on the
graphite devices and preselected crystal face. The thin-film graphitic
method for making GEORGIA TECH layer is patterned so as to define at least one
US7327000 same RESEARCH CORP 2005-12-14 functional structure.
A graphene-based device is formed with a
substrate having a trench therein a device
structure on the substrate and within the trench
a graphene layer over the device structure and
Device and process a protective layer over the graphene layer.
of forming device Fabrication techniques include forming a trench
with device structure in a substrate forming a device structure within
formed in trench and the trench forming a graphene layer over the
graphene layer GLOBALFOUNDRI device structure and forming a protective layer
US7858989 formed thereover ES INC. 2008-08-29 over the graphene layer.
SEMICONDUCTOR
STRUCTURE
HAVING AN ELOG A semiconductor structure includes a substrate
ON A THERMALLY a thermally and electrically conductive mask
AND positioned upon the substrate and an epitaxial
ELECTRICALLY lateral over growth (ELOG) material positioned
CONDUCTIVE HEWLETT- upon the thermally and electrically conductive
WO2010071633 MASK PACKARD CO 2008-12-16 mask.
A device employing a quantum well structure
having a pattern that is defined by a
photolithographically patterned top gate
electrode. By defining the active area of the
quantum well structure by the patterning of the
top gate electrode there is no need to pattern
the quantum well structure itself such as by
NOVEL etching or other processes. This
FABRICATION OF advantageously allows the active are of the
SEMICONDUCTOR quantum well structure to be patterned to a
QUANTUM WELL very small size without the damaging edge
HETEROSTRUCTU effects associated with the patterning of the
US20090218563 RE DEVICES HITACHI LTD. 2008-02-28 quantum well structure itself.

A graphene-on-oxide substrate according to
the present invention includes: a substrate
having a metal oxide layer formed on its
surface; and formed on the metal oxide layer
a graphene layer including at least one atomic
layer of the graphene. The graphene layer is
GRAPHENE grown generally parallel to the surface of the
GROWN metal oxide layer and the inter-atomic-layer
SUBSTRATE AND distance between the graphene atomic layer
ELECTRONIC/PHO adjacent to the surface of the metal oxide layer
TONIC and the surface atomic layer of the metal oxide
INTEGRATED layer is 0.34 nm or less. Preferably the
CIRCUITS USING arithmetic mean surface roughness Ra of the
US20100200839 SAME HITACHI LTD. 2009-11-24 metal oxide layer is 1 nm or less.
ELECTRICALLY
CONNECTED
GRAPHENE-METAL An device according to the present invention
ELECTRODE comprises: graphene; and a metal electrode
DEVICE AND the metal electrode and the graphene being
ELECTRONIC electrically connected the following relationship
DEVICE of Eq. (1) being satisfied: coth (r GP r C S)
ELECTRONIC 1.3 Eq. (1) where rGP (in units of / micro m2)
INTEGRATED denotes the electrical resistance of a graphene
CIRCUIT AND layer per unit area rC (in units of micro m2)
ELECTRO- denotes the contact resistance per unit area
OPTICAL between the graphene layer and a metal
INTEGRATED electrode and S denotes the contact area (in
CIRCUIT USING units of micro m2) between the graphene layer
US20100270512 SAME HITACHI LTD. 2010-04-26 and the metal electrode.
A graphene layer is formed on a surface of a
silicon carbide substrate. A dummy gate
structure is formed over the fin in the trench or
on a portion of the planar graphene layer to
implant dopants into source and drain regions.
The dummy gate structure is thereafter
removed to provide an opening over the
channel of the transistor. Threshold voltage
adjustment implantation may be performed to
form a threshold voltage implant region directly
beneath the channel which comprises the
graphene layer. A gate dielectric is deposited
over a channel portion of the graphene layer.
After an optional spacer formation a gate
conductor is formed by deposition and
planarization. The resulting graphene-based
field effect transistor has a high carrier mobility
due to the graphene layer in the channel low
contact resistance to the source and drain
GRAPHENE- region and optimized threshold voltage and
BASED leakage due to the threshold voltage implant
US20100200840 TRANSISTOR IBM CORP 2010-04-22 region.
Techniques for forming a thin coating of a
material on a carbon-based material are
provided. In one aspect a method for forming a
thin coating on a surface of a carbon-based
material is provided. The method includes the
following steps. An ultra thin silicon nucleation
layer is deposited to a thickness of from about
two angstroms to about 10 angstroms on at
least a portion of the surface of the carbon-
based material to facilitate nucleation of the
coating on the surface of the carbon-based
Method to Improve material. The thin coating is deposited to a
Nucleation of thickness of from about two angstroms to about
Materials on 100 angstroms over the ultra thin silicon layer
Graphene and to form the thin coating on the surface of the
US20100301336 Carbon Nanotubes IBM CORP 2009-06-02 carbon-based material.

An in-place bonding method in which a metal
template layer under a carbon layer is removed
while the carbon layer is still attached to a
substrate is described for forming a carbon-on-
insulator substrate. In one embodiment of the
in-place bonding method at least one layered
metal/carbon (M/C) region is formed on an
insulating surface layer of an initial substrate
structure. The at least one layered M/C region
has edges that are bordered by exposed
regions of the insulating surface layer. Some
edges of the at least one layered M/C region
are then secured to a base substrate of the
initial structure via a securing structure while
other edges are left exposed. A selective metal
etchant removes the metal layer under the
carbon layer using the exposed edges for
access. After metal etching the now-
Carbon-on-insulator unsupported carbon layer bonds to the
substrates by in- underlying insulating surface layer by
US7811906 place bonding IBM CORP 2009-11-04 attraction.
A capacitor and capacitor-like device or any
other device showing capacitive effects
including FETs transmission lines
piezoelectric and ferroelectric devices etc.
with at least two electrodes of which at least
one electrode consists of or comprises a
material or is generated as electron system
whose absolute value of the electronic charging
energy as defined by the charging-induced
change of Ekin+Eexc+Ecorr exceeds 10
percent of the charging-induced change of the
Coulomb field energy of the capacitor
according to E Ecoul+Ekin+Eexc+Ecorr.
Therein E is the energy of a capacitor and
Ecoul Q2/2 Ccoul Q2d/(2 0 x A) A is the area
of the capacitor electrodes d is the distance
and 0x the dielectric constant between them.
Ecorr describes the correlation energy Ekin the
electronic kinetic energy and Eexc the
exchange energy of the electrode material.
Particularly in miniaturized devices Ecoul is
becoming so small that by using certain
materials or material combinations for the
capacitor Ekin Eexc and/or Ecorr provide
significant contributions to E. Preferred are
materials with strongly correlated electron
systems such as perovskites like La1-xSrxTiO3
YBa2Cu3O7-d vanadates such as (V1-
xAx)2O3 with A Cr Ti materials with free
electron gases of typically low densities such
as Cs Bi or Rb or of materials the carrier
density of which is reduced by diluting these
materials in other materials with smaller carrier
densities metals like Fe or Ni materials with
van-Hove singularities in the electronic density
of states such as graphite or Bechgaard salts
NOVEL KOPP or even or 2D-electron gases generated by
CAPACITORS AND THILO,MANNHAR graphene or by heterostructures such as the
CAPACITOR-LIKE T JOCHEN electron gases generated at LaAlO3/SrTiO3 or
US20100084697 DEVICES DIETER 2009-09-30 ZnO/(MgxZn1-x)O multilayers and more.

Small-signal and other circuit design
techniques realized by carbon nanotube field-
effect transistors (CNFETs) to create analog
electronics for analog signal handling analog
signal processing and conversions between
analog signals and digital signals. As the
CNFETs exist and operate at nanoscale they
can be readily collocated or integrated into
carbon nanotube sensing and transducing
systems. The resulting collocation and
integration may be at or adequately near
nanoscale. One embodiment implements an
analog differential amplifier having transistors
which include carbon nanotubes electrical
Nanoelectronic contacts and insulating material. The
differential amplifiers differential amplifier may be used in isolation or
and related circuits as an element of an operational amplifier.
having carbon Negative feedback may be used to implement
nanotubes a wide range of analog signal processing
graphene functions and to provide conversions among
nanoribbons or analog and digital signals. In some cases an
other related LUDWIG LESTER entire analog differential amplifier is
US7838809 materials F 2008-02-19 implemented with a single carbon nanotube.
A vertical semiconductor material mesa
upstanding from a semiconductor base that
forms a conductive channel between first and
VERTICALLY- second doped regions. The first doped region
ORIENTED is electrically coupled to one or more first
SEMICONDUCTOR silicide layers on the surface of the base. The
SELECTION second doped region is electrically coupled to a
DEVICE FOR MICRON second silicide layer on the upper surface of
CROSS-POINT TECHNOLOGY the mesa. A gate conductor is provided on one
US20100295119 ARRAY MEMORY INC. 2009-05-20 or more sidewalls of the mesa.
A method includes forming ionic clusters of
carbon-containing molecules which molecules
have carbon-carbon sp2 bonds and
accelerating the clusters. A surface of a
substrate is irradiated with the clusters. A
material is formed on the surface using the
carbon from the molecules. The material
includes carbon and may optionally include
hydrogen. The material may include graphene.
The material may form a monolayer. The
molecules may include one or more material
selected from the group consisting of graphene
carbon allotropes ethylene and hydrocarbon
molecules containing ethylenic moieties. A
fused region may be formed in the substrate as
an interface between the substrate and the
Method of forming a MICRON material. The clusters may have diameters of at
carbon-containing TECHNOLOGY least 20 nanometers and may be accelerated
US7824741 material INC. 2007-08-31 to an energy of at least 0.5 keV.

A functionalised graphene oxide and a method
of making a functionalised graphene oxide
comprising: (i) oxidising graphite to form
graphite oxide wherein the graphene sheets
which make up the graphite independently of
each other have a basal plane fraction of
carbon atoms in the sp2-hybridised state
between 0.1 and 0.9 wherein the remainder
fraction comprises sp3-hybridised carbon
atoms which are bonded to oxygen groups
selected from hydroxyl and/or epoxy and/or
carboxylic acid; and (ii) exfoliating and in-situ
functionalising the graphite oxide surface with
one or more functional groups such that
functionalisation of the surface is effected at a
concentration greater than one functional group
per 100 carbon atoms and less than one
functional group per six carbon atoms. The
functionalised graphene oxide is dispersible at
NATIONAL high concentrations in appropriate solvents
FUNCTIONALISED UNIVERSITY OF without aggregating or precipitating over
WO2009085015 GRAPHENE OXIDE SINGAPORE 2009-01-03 extended periods at room temperature.
Methods devices systems and/or articles
related to techniques for forming a graphene
film on a substrate and the resulting graphene
layers and graphenated substrates are
generally disclosed. Some example techniques
may be embodied as methods or processes for
forming graphene. Some other example
techniques may be embodied as devices
employed to manipulate treat or otherwise
process substrates graphite graphene and/or
GRAPHENE graphenated substrates as described herein.
DEPOSITION AND NEW JERSEY Graphene layers and graphenated substrates
GRAPHENATED INSTITUTE OF produced by the various techniques and
US20100127312 SUBSTRATES TECHNOLOGY 2009-11-25 devices provided herein are also disclosed.
A solid state molecular sensor having an
aperture extending through a thickness of a
sensing region is configured with a sensing
region thickness that corresponds to the
characteristic extent of at least a component of
a molecular species to be translocated through
the aperture. A change in an electrical
characteristic of the sensing region is
measured during the molecular species
translocation. The sensor can be configured as
PRESIDENT AND a field effect transistor molecular sensor. The
FELLOWS OF sensing region can be a region of graphene
High-Resolution HARVARD including an aperture extending through a
US20100327847 Molecular Sensor COLLEGE 2008-09-12 thickness of the graphene.
PHOTODIODE AND A radiation sensor including a scintillation layer
OTHER SENSOR configured to emit photons upon interaction
STRUCTURES IN with ionizing radiation and a photodetector
FLAT-PANEL X- including in order a first electrode a
RAY IMAGERS photosensitive layer and a photon-transmissive
AND METHOD FOR second electrode disposed in proximity to the
IMPROVING scintillation layer. The photosensitive layer is
TOPOLOGICAL configured to generate electron-hole pairs upon
UNIFORMITY OF interaction with a part of the photons. The
THE PHOTODIODE radiation sensor includes pixel circuitry
AND OTHER electrically connected to the first electrode and
SENSOR configured to measure an imaging signal
STRUCTURES IN indicative of the electron-hole pairs generated
FLAT-PANEL X- in the photosensitive layer and a planarization
RAY IMAGERS REGENTS OF THE layer disposed on the pixel circuitry between
BASED ON THIN- UNIVERSITY OF the first electrode and the pixel circuitry such
US20100320391 FILM MICHIGAN 2010-06-17 that the first electrode is above a plane

ELECTRONICS including the pixel circuitry. A surface of at least
one of the first electrode and the second
electrode at least partially overlaps the pixel
circuitry and has a surface inflection above
features of the pixel circuitry. The surface
inflection has a radius of curvature greater than
one half micron.
Schaltung zum
Einblenden von
mindestens zwei ROHDE AND
DE1244951 Messlinien SCHWARZ 1965-04-03 None
Provided are a field effect transistor a logic
circuit including the same and methods of
manufacturing the same. The field effect
transistor may include an ambipolar layer that
includes a source region a drain region and a
channel region between the source region and
the drain region wherein the source region the
drain region and the channel region may be
formed in a monolithic structure a gate
electrode on the channel region and an
insulating layer separating the gate electrode
Field effect transistor from the ambipolar layer wherein the source
logic circuit including region and the drain region have a width
the same and greater than that of the channel region in a
methods of second direction that crosses a first direction in
manufacturing the SAMSUNG which the source region and the drain region
US20080312088 same GROUP 2007-12-27 are connected to each other.
Stack structure Provided are a stack structure including an
comprising epitaxial epitaxial graphene a method of forming the
graphene method of stack structure and an electronic device
forming the stack including the stack structure. The stack
structure and structure includes: a Si substrate; an under
electronic device layer formed on the Si substrate; and at least
comprising the stack SAMSUNG one epitaxial graphene layer formed on the
US20090294759 structure GROUP 2008-08-29 under layer.
A quantum interference transistor may include
a source; a drain; N channels (N2) between
the source and the drain and having N1 path
differences between the source and the drain;
and at least one gate disposed at one or more
of the N channels. One or more of the N
channels may be formed in a graphene sheet.
A method of manufacturing the quantum
interference transistor may include forming one
or more of the N channels using a graphene
Quantum sheet. A method of operating the quantum
interference interference transistor may include applying a
transistors and voltage to the at least one gate. The voltage
methods of may shift a phase of a wave of electrons
manufacturing and SAMSUNG passing through a channel at which the at least
US20100090759 operating the same GROUP 2009-09-23 one gate is disposed.
Provided is a semiconductor memory device
including cylinder type storage nodes and a
method of fabricating the semiconductor
memory device. The semiconductor memory
device includes: a semiconductor substrate
including switching devices; a recessed
SEMICONDUCTOR insulating layer including storage contact plugs
MEMORY DEVICE therein wherein the storage contact plugs are
INCLUDING A electrically connected to the switching devices
CYLINDER TYPE and the recessed insulating layer exposes at
STORAGE NODE least some portions of upper surfaces and side
AND A METHOD surfaces of the storage contact plugs. The
OF FABRICATING SAMSUNG semiconductor device further includes cylinder
US20100187588 THE SAME GROUP 2009-08-07 type storage nodes each having a lower

electrode. The lower electrode contacting the at
least some portions of the exposed upper
surfaces and side surfaces of the storage node
contact plugs.
Method of making
nonvolatile memory
cell containing
carbon resistivity A method of making a nonvolatile memory cell
switching as a includes forming a steering element and
storage element by forming a carbon resistivity switching material
low temperature storage element by coating a carbon containing
US20090258135 processing SANDISK CORP 2008-08-07 colloid.
A nonvolatile memory cell includes a steering
element located in series with a storage
element where the storage element comprises
a carbon material. A method of programming
the cell includes applying a reset pulse to
change a resistivity state of the carbon material
from a first state to a second state which is
Method of higher than the first state and applying a set
programming a pulse to change a resistivity state of the carbon
nonvolatile memory material from the second state to a third state
device containing a which is lower than the second state. A fall time
carbon storage of the reset pulse is shorter than a fall time of
US20100157651 material SANDISK CORP 2008-12-18 the set pulse.
A nonvolatile memory cell includes a storage
element the storage element comprising a
carbon material a steering element located in
series with the storage element and a metal
silicide layer located adjacent to the carbon
material. A method of making a device includes
forming a metal silicide over a silicon layer
Nonvolatile memory forming a carbon layer over the metal silicide
cell including carbon layer forming a barrier layer over the carbon
storage element layer and patterning the carbon layer the
formed on a silicide metal silicide layer and the silicon layer to form
US20100176366 layer SANDISK CORP 2009-01-14 an array of pillars.
A method of biasing a nonvolatile memory
array. The nonvolatile memory array includes a
first and second plurality of Y lines a plurality
of X lines a first and second plurality of two
terminal memory cells. Each first and second
memory cell is coupled to one of the first or
second plurality of Y lines and one of the
plurality of X lines respectively. Substantially
all of the first plurality and second plurality of Y
lines are driven to a Y line unselect voltage. At
least one selected Y line of the first plurality of
Y lines is driven to a Y line select voltage while
floating remaining Y lines of the first plurality of
Reduced complexity Y lines and while driving substantially all of the
array line drivers for second plurality of Y lines to the Y line unselect
US20100271885 3D matrix arrays SANDISK CORP 2009-04-24 voltage.
A method of programming a nonvolatile
memory cell includes applying at least one
Multilevel nonvolatile initialization pulse having a duration of at least
memory device 1 ms followed by applying plural programming
containing a carbon pulses having a duration of less than 1 ms. The
storage material and cell includes a steering element located in
methods of making series with a storage element and the storage
US7859887 and using same SANDISK CORP 2008-05-27 element includes a carbon material.

An active region or channel for printed organic
or plastic electronics or polymer
semiconductors such as organic field-effect
transistors (OFETs) is obtained by using an
enhanced inkjet drop-cast printing technique. A
two-liquid system is employed to achieve the
direct growth of well-oriented organic crystals
at the active region of channel. High-
performance electrical properties exhibiting
high carrier mobility and low threshold voltage
are obtained due to the proper orientation of
molecules in the grown crystal in a highest
mobility direction due to the absence of grain
boundaries and due to low trap densities. The
hydrophobic-hydrophilic interactions between
the liquids utilized which results in the
fabrication of low-cost and mass-producible
printable electronic devices for applications in
FORMING ACTIVE flexible displays electronic signages
CHANNEL photovoltaic panels membrane keyboards
REGIONS USING radio frequency identification tags (RFIDs)
ENHANCED DROP- SNU R&DB electronic sensors and integrated electronic
US20100155710 CAST PRINTING FOUNDATION 2009-10-23 circuits.
Disclosed is an active skin including: a tactile
sensor substrate which includes a first film
including a dielectric elastic material and
formed with a plurality of sensing points and a
pair of first electrodes respectively formed on
upper and lower sides of the sensing point; a
tactile actuator substrate which includes a
second film including a dielectric elastic
material and formed with a plurality of actuating
points and a pair of second electrodes
respectively formed on upper and lower sides
of the actuating point; and an insulating layer
which is interposed between the tactile sensor
substrate and the tactile actuator substrate and
couples the tactile sensor substrate and the
SUNGKYUNKWAN tactile actuator substrate. With this a tactile
UNIVERSITY sensor and a tactile actuator are integrated so
Active Skin for FOUNDATION that there is provided an interactive tactile
Conformable Tactile FOR CORPORATE interface to not only feel like a humans skin but
US20100307900 Interface COLLABORATION 2010-06-01 also actively move like a muscle.
A method for the impedance matching of front
end circuits to antennas in mutually different
transmission and reception frequency ranges is
specified. A suitable matching circuit is
Adaptive Impedance furthermore specified. The impedance
Matching Circuit and matching in a transmission frequency range is
Method for Matching determined such that an excessively poor
for Duplex Operation impedance matching in a reception frequency
US20100182216 Standards TDK CORP 2010-01-22 range is prevented in this case.
An impedance matching method which is used
to save electrical energy by virtue of the fact
that the method switches between modes for
controlling impedance matching and modes for
regulation of the impedance matching
depending on the situation. An algorithm which
on the basis of control signals from an external
IMPEDANCE circuit environment controls or regulates the
MATCHING impedance of a variable-impedance circuit
US20100265003 METHOD TDK CORP 2010-04-14 element is implemented in a logic circuit LC.

A method of fabricating graphene transistors
comprising providing an SOI substrate
performing an optional threshold implant on the
SOI substrate forming an upper silicon layer
mesa island carbonizing the silicon layer into
SiC utilizing a gaseous source converting the
SiC into graphene forming source/drain
regions on opposite longitudinal ends of the
graphene forming gate oxide between the
Method for source/drain regions on the graphene forming
fabricating graphene gate material over the gate oxide creating a
transistors on a TEXAS transistor edge depositing dielectric onto the
silicon or SOI INSTRUMENTS transistor edge and performing back end
US7772059 substrate INC. 2008-01-16 processing.
A method of forming a single wall thickness
(SWT) carbon nanotube (CNT) transistor with a
controlled diameter and chirality is disclosed. A
photolithographically defined single crystal
silicon seed layer is converted to a single
crystal silicon carbide seed layer. A single layer
of graphene is formed on the top surface of the
silicon carbide. The SWT CNT transistor body
is grown from the graphene layer in the
presence of carbon containing gases and metal
catalyst atoms. Silicided source and drain
regions at each end of the silicon carbide seed
layer provide catalyst metal atoms during
formation of the CNT. The diameter of the SWT
CNT is established by the width of the
patterned seed layer. A conformally deposited
gate dielectric layer and a transistor gate over
Carbon nanotube the gate dielectric layer complete the CNT
transistors on a TEXAS transistor. CNT transistors with multiple CNT
silicon or SOI INSTRUMENTS bodies split gates and varying diameters are
US7842955 substrate INC. 2010-02-04 also disclosed.
THE PROVOST
FELLOWS AND A phase controllable field effect transistor
SCHOLARS OF device is described. The device provides first
THE COLLEGE OF and second scattering sites disposed at either
THE HOLY AND side of a conducting channel region the
Phase-controlled UNDIVIDED conducting region being gated such that on
field effect transistor TRINITY OF application of an appropriate signal to the gate
device and method QUEEN energies of the electrons in the channel region
for manufacturing ELIZABETH NEAR defined between the scattering centres may be
US20100084631 thereof DUBLIN 2009-09-17 modulated.
A method of producing carbon macro-
molecular structures includes dissolving a
graphitic material in a solvent to provide a
suspension of carbon-based macro-molecular
structures in the solvent and obtaining a
plurality of the carbon macro-molecular
structures from the suspension. The plurality of
carbon macro-molecular structures obtained
from the suspension each consists essentially
of carbon. A material according to some
embodiments of the current invention is
produced according to the method of producing
carbon macro-molecular structures. An
electrical electronic or electro-optic device
HIGH- includes material produced according to the
THROUGHPUT methods of the current invention. A composite
SOLUTION material according to some embodiments of the
PROCESSING OF current invention has carbon macro-molecular
LARGE SCALE structures produced according to methods of
GRAPHENE AND THE REGENTS OF producing carbon macro-molecular structures
DEVICE THE UNIVERSITY according to some embodiments of the current
US20100273060 APPLICATIONS OF CALIFORNIA 2009-01-14 invention. A hydrogen storage device according

to some embodiments of the current invention
has carbon macro-molecular structures
produced according to methods of producing
carbon macro-molecular structures according
to some embodiments of the current invention.
An electrode according to some embodiments
of the current invention has carbon macro-
molecular structures produced according to
methods of producing carbon macro-molecular
structures according to some embodiments of
the current invention.
Compounds compositions systems and
methods for the chemical and electrochemical
modification of the electronic structure of
graphene and especially epitaxial graphene
(EG) are presented. Beneficially such systems
and methods allow the large-scale fabrication
of electronic EG devices. Vigorous oxidative
conditions may allow substantially complete
removal of the EG carbon atoms and the
generation of insulating regions; such
processing is equivalent to that which is
currently used in the semiconductor industry to
lithographically etch or oxidize silicon and
thereby define the physical features and
electronic structure of the devices. However
graphene offers an excellent opportunity for
controlled modification of the hybridization of
the carbon atoms from sp2 to sp3 states by
chemical addition of organic functional groups.
We show that such chemistries offer
opportunities far beyond those currently
employed in the semiconductor industry for
control of the local electronic structure of the
graphene sheet and do not require the physical
removal of areas of graphene or its oxidation
in order to generate the full complement of
electronic devices necessary to produce
functional electronic circuitry. Selective
saturation of the p-bonds opens a band gap in
the graphene electronic structure which results
in a semiconducting or insulating form of
graphene while allowing the insertion of new
functionality with the possibility of 3-D
CHEMICAL electronic architectures. Beneficially these
MODULATION OF techniques allow for large- scale fabrication of
ELECTRONIC AND electronic EG devices and integrated circuits
MAGNETIC THE REGENTS OF as they allow the generation of wires
PROPERTIES OF THE UNIVERSITY (interconnects) semiconductors (transistors)
WO2009158117 GRAPHENE OF CALIFORNIA 2009-05-29 dielectrics and insulators.
SYSTEMS AND
METHODS FOR Systems and methods are disclosed herein for
FORMING forming defects on graphitic materials. The
DEFECTS ON methods for forming defects include applying a
GRAPHITIC radiation reactive material on a graphitic
MATERIALS AND material irradiating the applied radiation
CURING THE TRUSTEES reactive material to produce a reactive species
RADIATION- OF COLUMBIA and permitting the reactive species to react
DAMAGED UNIVERSITY IN with the graphitic material to form defects.
GRAPHITIC THE CITY OF Additionally disclosed are methods for
WO2009059193 MATERIALS NEW YORK 2008-10-31 removing defects on graphitic materials.
Provided are beam ablation lithography
THE TRUSTEES methods capable of removing and manipulating
OF THE material at the nanoscale. Also provided are
BEAM ABLATION UNIVERSITY OF nanoscale devices nanogap field effect
US20100009134 LITHOGRAPHY PENNSYLVANIA 2007-07-13 transistors nano-wires nano-crystals and

artificial atoms made using the disclosed
methods.
Disclosed are atomically precise nanoribbons
formed by gradient-driven catalytic etching of
crystalline substrates to produce edges formed
along specific crystallographic axes by
thermally-activated particles. Also provided are
ATOMICALLY related methods for fabrication of these
PRECISE THE TRUSTEES nanoribbon structures. Further provided are
NANORIBBONS OF THE devices and related methods for power
AND RELATED UNIVERSITY OF generation and for detection of specific targets
WO2009149005 METHODS PENNSYLVANIA 2009-06-01 using the disclosed structures.
An apparatus and method are disclosed for
electrically directly detecting biomolecular
binding in a semiconductor. The semiconductor
can be based on electrical percolation of
nanomaterial formed in the gate region. In one
embodiment of an apparatus a semiconductor
includes first and second electrodes with a gate
region there between. The gate region includes
THE UNITED a multi-layered matrix of electrically conductive
STATES OF material with capture molecules for binding
AMERICA AS target molecules such as antibody receptors
REPRESENTED DNA RNA peptides and aptamer. The
BY THE molecular interactions between the capture
SECRETARY molecules and the target molecules disrupts
DEPARTMENT OF the matrixs continuity resulting in a change in
HEALTH AND electrical resistance capacitance or
HUMAN impedance. The increase in resistance
SERVICES,UNIVE capacitance or impedance can be directly
RSITY OF measured electronically without the need for
MARYLAND optical sensors or labels. The multi-layered
A BALTIMORE matrix can be formed from a plurality of single-
SEMICONDUCTOR COUNTY,UNIVER walled nanotubes graphene or buckeyballs or
FOR MEASURING SITY OF any kind of conductive nanowire such as metal
BIOLOGICAL MARYLAND nanowires or nanowires made from conductive
WO2010059687 INTERACTIONS COLLEGE PARK 2009-11-18 polymers.
Methods and systems for detecting potential
fire related conditions are provided. The system
includes a sensor that includes a carbon-based
nano-structure the sensor exhibiting an
electronic property that varies in response to a
presence of a predetermined gas indicative of a
potential fire related condition and an
evaluation unit communicating with the sensor
Methods and TYCO for analyzing the electronic property to
systems for gas INTERNATIONAL determine whether the potential fire related
US20080030352 detection LTD. 2007-02-20 condition exists.

A detection system in which a single sensor is
employed to detect an extensive range of a
parameter. The output signal from the sensor is
fed to the input of the electrical circuit having a
feedback loop wherein the electrical circuit has
a non-linear transfer characteristic. The non-
linear transfer characteristic is achieved by
changing the behavior of the feedback loop of
the electrical circuit at a predetermined level of
input signal. The output of the circuit has a
proportional relationship with the input until the
input signal reaches this predetermined value
whereupon the behaviors of the feedback loop
changes and the relationship of the output to
the input of the circuit changes. While the input
signal is above the predetermined value the
output of the circuit has a linear but
disproportionate relationship with the input at a
gradient different to that when the input signal
is below the predetermined value. Further the
behavior of the feedback loop changes to
create a knee point in the response between
the proportional and the linear parts of the
characteristic. In this way an overall non-linear
transfer characteristic is produced by the
electrical circuit the transfer characteristic
Amplifier for multi- having with a well-defined knee point. The
use of single TYCO resolution of input signals below the knee point
environmental INTERNATIONAL may be greater than the resolution of signals
US7633386 sensor LTD. 2006-01-18 above the knee point.
A locally gated graphene nanostructure is
described along with methods of making and
using the same. A graphene layer can include
first and second terminal regions separated by
a substantially single layer gated graphene
nanoconstriction. A local first gate region can
be separated from the graphene
nanoconstriction by a first gate dielectric. The
local first gate region can be capacitively
coupled to gate electrical conduction in the
graphene nanoconstriction. A second gate
region can be separated from the graphene
nanoconstriction by a second gate dielectric.
The second gate region can be capacitively
coupled to provide a bias to a first location in
Locally gated the graphene nanoconstriction and to a second
graphene location outside of the graphene
nanostructures and nanoconstriction. Methods of making and using
methods of making UNIVERSITY OF locally gated graphene nanostructures are also
US20090140801 and using COLUMBIA 2008-10-31 described.
An apparatus or method can include forming a
graphene layer including a working surface
forming a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) layer upon
HIGH- the working surface of the graphene layer and
PERFORMANCE forming a dielectric layer upon the PVA layer.
GATE OXIDES In an example the PVA layer can be activated
SUCH AS FOR and the dielectric layer can be deposited on an
GRAPHENE FIELD- activated portion of the PVA layer. In an
EFFECT example an electronic device can include such
TRANSISTORS OR apparatus such as included as a portion of
CARBON UNIVERSITY OF graphene field-effect transistor (GFET) or one
US20110017979 NANOTUBES COLUMBIA 2010-07-19 or more other devices.

Disclosed herein is a device comprising a
source region a drain region and a gate layer;
the source region the drain region and the gate
layer being disposed on a semiconductor host;
the gate layer being disposed between source
and drain regions; the gate layer comprising a
SEMICONDUCTOR first gate-insulator layer; a gate layer
DEVICES comprising carbon nanotubes and/or graphene.
METHODS OF Disclosed herein too is a method comprising
MANUFACTURE disposing a source region a drain region and a
THEREOF AND gate layer on a semiconductor host; the gate
ARTICLES layer being disposed between the source
COMPRISING THE UNIVERSITY OF region and the drain region; the gate layer
US20100025660 SAME CONNECTICUT 2009-07-31 comprising carbon nanotubes and/or graphene.
Embodiments of the invention relate to vertical
field effect transistor that is a light emitting
transistor. The light emitting transistor
incorporates a gate electrode for providing a
gate field a first electrode comprising a dilute
nanotube network for injecting a charge a
second electrode for injecting a complementary
charge and an electroluminescent
semiconductor layer disposed intermediate the
nanotube network and the electron injecting
layer. The charge injection is modulated by the
gate field. The holes and electrons combine to
form photons thereby causing the
electroluminescent semiconductor layer to emit
visible light. In other embodiments of the
invention a vertical field effect transistor that
employs an electrode comprising a conductive
NANOTUBE material with a low density of states such that
ENABLED GATE- UNIVERSITY OF the transistors contact barrier modulation
VOLTAGE FLORIDA comprises barrier height lowering of the
CONTROLLED RESEARCH Schottky contact between the electrode with a
LIGHT EMITTING FOUNDATION low density of states and the adjacent
US20100237336 DIODES INC. 2008-09-10 semiconductor by a Fermi level shift.
The invention discloses new and advantageous
uses for carbon/graphene nanoribbons (GNRs)
which includes but is not limited to electronic
Monolithically- components for integrated circuits such as
Integrated NOT gates OR gates AND gates nano-
Graphene-Nano- capacitors and other transistors. More
Ribbon (GNR) specifically the manipulation of the shapes
Devices sizes patterns and edges including doping
Interconnects and UNIVERSITY OF profiles of GNRs to optimize their use in
US20090174435 Circuits VIRGINIA 2008-10-01 various electronic devices is disclosed.
This document describes graphene-containing

platelets and methods of exfoliating graphene
GRAPHENE- from a surface. The method comprises
CONTAINING facilitating exfoliation by treatment with
PLATELETS AND proteins. In an embodiment the proteins
ELECTRONIC adhere to the surface of graphene and then the
DEVICES AND VALTION produced platelets may contain a graphene
METHOD OF TEKNILLINEN layer and a protein layer on the surface of the
EXFOLIATING TUTKIMUSKESKU graphene layer. Electronic devices containing
WO2010097517 GRAPHENE S 2010-02-25 such platelets are also described.

The exemplary embodiments disclosed herein
incorporate transistor heating technology to
create micro-heater arrays as the digital
heating element for various marking
applications. The transistor heaters are
typically fabricated either on a thin flexible
substrate or on an amorphous silicon drum and
embedded below the working surface. Matrix
drive methods may be used to address each
HEATING individual micro-heater and deliver heat to
ELEMENT selected surface areas. Depending on different
INCORPORATING marking applications the digital heating
AN ARRAY OF element may be used to selectively tune the
TRANSISTOR wettability of thermo-sensitive coating
MICRO-HEATERS selectively change ink rheology selectively
FOR DIGITAL remove liquid from the surface selectively
US20100302337 IMAGE MARKING XEROX CORP 2009-05-29 fuse/fix toner/ink on the paper.

Summary
Graphene patents can be traced back to the 1950’s and research and
development around graphene has emerged in the last 3 years 2008,
2009, 2010 indicating that research in this space has just taken off to a
new level and going by the current trend is only likely to climb even
higher from here.
Overall, the research and development work related to graphene

appears to be a highly active and growing one that can only be expected
to increase in the near future.
About Patent iNSIGHT Pro

Patent iNSIGHT Pro™ is a comprehensive patent analysis platform that
allows you to accelerate your time-to-decision from patent analysis
activities. Designed from inputs by experienced patent researchers,
Patent iNSIGHT Pro easily blends into your existing Research workflow.
Patent iNSIGHT Pro is used by leading legal services, Pharmaceutical &
biotech, electronics companies and research organization across US,
Europe, South America and India with more than 180 end users. Patent
iNSIGHT Pro is developed and marketed by Gridlogics, a research driven
IT Company specializing in providing intellectual property analysis and
visualization solutions to aid R&D and corporate strategy.
Gridlogics is headquartered in Pune, India and has a sales presence in

Delhi, Mumbai and USA.
For more information:
Visit us at: www.patentinsightpro.com

Or call us at: 1-408-786-5524
Or mail us at:
Have a comment on this report? Mail us at

feedback_tr@patentinsightpro.com

Sources & References
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphene
 http://www.bloggerspoint.com/extraordinary-features-
wide-range-graphene-andre-giem-constantine-novosolev-
broke-concepts-expectations/


Technology Insight Report: Graphene

Hochgeladen von

Dokumentinformationen

Copyright

Verfügbare Formate

Dieses Dokument teilen

Dokument teilen oder einbetten

Freigabeoptionen

Stufen Sie dieses Dokument als nützlich ein?

Sind diese Inhalte unangemessen?

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

Technology Insight Report: Graphene

Hochgeladen von

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

Technology Insight Report

© 2011 Gridlogics. All Rights Reserved.

Graphene is an allotrope of carbon, whose structure is one-atom-thick

The carbon-carbon bond length in graphene is about 0.142 nanometers.

© 2011 Gridlogics. All Rights Reserved.

 Transistors made using these graphenes can work faster than

© 2011 Gridlogics. All Rights Reserved.

© 2011 Gridlogics. All Rights Reserved.

© 2011 Gridlogics. All Rights Reserved.

(TAC=graphene* or grafeno or graphène or graphén or grapheen)

© 2011 Gridlogics. All Rights Reserved.

What has been the IP publication trend for Graphene?

How we did it?

© 2011 Gridlogics. All Rights Reserved.

11. SIEMENS AG 1. THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF

Please refer Appendix A for more details on Assignee merging.

The full Assignee table is available here:

© 2011 Gridlogics. All Rights Reserved.

How we did it?

© 2011 Gridlogics. All Rights Reserved.

© 2011 Gridlogics. All Rights Reserved.

© 2011 Gridlogics. All Rights Reserved.

© 2011 Gridlogics. All Rights Reserved.

© 2011 Gridlogics. All Rights Reserved.

© 2011 Gridlogics. All Rights Reserved.

© 2011 Gridlogics. All Rights Reserved.

© 2011 Gridlogics. All Rights Reserved.

© 2011 Gridlogics. All Rights Reserved.

How we did it?

© 2011 Gridlogics. All Rights Reserved.

The graphs below highlight key concepts within Electronic devices.

Transistors – Related concepts

Transistors on a silicon or SOI substrate

© 2011 Gridlogics. All Rights Reserved.

© 2011 Gridlogics. All Rights Reserved.

© 2011 Gridlogics. All Rights Reserved.

© 2011 Gridlogics. All Rights Reserved.

© 2011 Gridlogics. All Rights Reserved.

© 2011 Gridlogics. All Rights Reserved.

© 2011 Gridlogics. All Rights Reserved.

© 2011 Gridlogics. All Rights Reserved.

VORBECK MATERIALS CORP

© 2011 Gridlogics. All Rights Reserved.

Categorization: Application Areas

© 2011 Gridlogics. All Rights Reserved.

© 2011 Gridlogics. All Rights Reserved.

Lithium-ion Batteries Patents

Patent Number Title Assignees Filing Date Abstract

HIGH The present invention is directed to lithium-ion

© 2011 Gridlogics. All Rights Reserved.

© 2011 Gridlogics. All Rights Reserved.

© 2011 Gridlogics. All Rights Reserved.

According to this method a polyelectrolyte solution

An intercalation electrode includes an electron

© 2011 Gridlogics. All Rights Reserved.

A carbon fiber has a coaxial stacking morphology of

© 2011 Gridlogics. All Rights Reserved.

© 2011 Gridlogics. All Rights Reserved.

© 2011 Gridlogics. All Rights Reserved.

© 2011 Gridlogics. All Rights Reserved.

© 2011 Gridlogics. All Rights Reserved.

© 2011 Gridlogics. All Rights Reserved.

A graphite nanofiber material herein provided has a

The invention provides an anode comprising a