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Fiber isn't everything: Microwave's critical role in

North American backhaul
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FIBER ISN'T EVERYTHING

LT E BAC KH AU L AN D IP M IC R O WAVE' S
C R IT IC AL R O L E

Presented By: Ron Kline, Principal Analyst, Network Infrastructure, Ovum

Stuart Little, Director of Marketing, Aviat Networks
2
 Fiber Isn’t Everything:
LTE Backhaul and IP Microwave's Critical Role

Agenda:
• LTE's impact on backhaul requirements
• LTE backhaul options analysis (copper,
fiber, microwave)
• Leasing vs. owning backhaul
• Can IP-based microwave meet LTE
requirements?
• Next generation IP microwave capacity
features
• Network evolution and the important
role of hybrid microwave

3 AVIAT NETWORKS | AUGUST 17, 2010

 LTE's impact on backhaul requirements
Theoretical sector maximum backhaul
• Mobile network backhaul bandwidth required by technology versus the
requirements are average expected
increasing dramatically LTE R8 (20MHz)

LTE (10MHz)
• Average Moving to ~ WiMAX (10MHz)
150Mbps per site in the HSPA+ R7

next 5 years, 450 – HSUPA R6

2015
500Mbps in heavily HSDPA R5 Avg. BW required per sector

EV-DO Rev. B
congested areas.
EV-DO Rev. A

• LTE-Advanced R10 1x EV-DO 2010

Avg. BW required per sector
WCDMA R4
theoretical backhaul
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350
requirements (2 Gbps) are
Source: Ovum
> 6 times R8 Note: capacity was determined by adding the peak uplink and
downlink speeds for each technology

Initial deployments for LTE are being supported by cell-site backhaul capacity in the
range of 10–150Mbps – high areas will grow up to 300 Mbps

4 AVIAT NETWORKS | AUGUST 17, 2010

 Backhaul media options for LTE

• Copper has low cost but has capacity and reach limitations
• Fiber is preferred due to its reliability and nearly limited scalability however
deployment costs are high and sometime prohibitive
• Microwave provides low cost option quickly deployable option that meets
future LTE capacity requirements

Media Deployment Recurring Scalability Deployment Capacity Typical

cost charges time distance
Copper (lease)1 Low- no eqpt. Medium ~$1K- Poor Weeks 1.5–100Mbps ~2 miles
cost $2.5K/mo. For
10Mbps
Fiber (own) High - $15K- > Low < Excellent Months Tbps ~370 miles
$200K per site $500/mo.
Fiber (lease1) Low- no eqpt. High ~ $1,300- Excellent Weeks Tbps ~370 miles
cost $4,300/mo.
Microwave Medium ~ Low < Good Weeks 500Mbps– ~30 miles2
$30K/link $500/mo. ~2Gbps
Source: Ovum
Note: 1Leasing assumes facilities are in place. 2 microwave can serve longer distances by using multiple links

5 AVIAT NETWORKS | AUGUST 17, 2010

 Leasing vs. owning backhaul
Comparing costs: microwave vs. leased
• A large portion of North
100Mbps and 1Gbps Ethernet service
American mobile backhaul
$180
bandwidth is leased
Leased Ethernet
Leased Ethernet Microwave
Microwave
$160
• Ethernet SLA is more important
than the media on which it’s $140

($000)
delivered

Cost ($000)
$120
Leased
• Ethernet (100 Mbps - 1 Gbps) $100 Ethernet
Leased Ethernet

Cost
100Mb – 1G
will be the preferred backhaul $80 100Mb – 1G
technology $60

• Microwave provides the lowest $40

total cost of ownership $20

• Very low recurring cost $0

Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4
Years
Years

Companies that own and operate their own microwave backhaul networks benefit
significantly from reduced backhaul expenses.

6 AVIAT NETWORKS | AUGUST 17, 2010

 4th Generation Microwave for 4G Backhaul

• Microwave connects 50% of the

world's base stations
• Technology has evolved to support
LTE backhaul
• Multi-gigabit aggregate IP capacity
• Efficient nodal architecture reduces
cost, space
• Integrated Layer 2 Ethernet switching
• Hybrid support for both TDM and
Ethernet/IP traffic
• Compact, power efficient
• Cost effective

7 AVIAT NETWORKS | AUGUST 17, 2010

 Frequency Bands available for backhaul
90 GHz

• Unlicensed bands <6 GHz useful for temporary

cellsite links
• Common Carrier FCC licensed bands – L6, U6,
10.5, 11, 18 and 23 GHz
• Privately owned spectrum – 28 & 38 GHz (LMDS)
• New ‘lightly licensed’ E-Band for very short, high 38 GHz

capacity links – 70/80 GHz 28 GHz

• FCC now examining release of up to 750 MHz of 23 GHz

18 GHz
additional licensed spectrum below 13 GHz, along
13 GHz
with relaxation of restrictions on minimum antenna 11 GHz
10 GHz
size and capacity efficiency 6 GHz
5.8 GHz
2.4 GHz

8 AVIAT NETWORKS | AUGUST 17, 2010

 Making more efficient use of available spectrum
• New techniques enable better use of available spectrum
• Adaptive Coding and Modulation in conjunction with packet
prioritization:
• Can increase capacity by 4x when conditions are good (99.99% of the time)
• Divide traffic over multiple parallel radio
channels:
• Use both polarizations with XPIC, combine using
Link Aggregation
• Optimize Ethernet traffic over microwave link:
• Ethernet frame suppression, header compression
and payload compression techniques
• Throughput gain dependent on frame sizes and
traffic mix
• Link capacities >1 Gbit/s of guaranteed
throughput

9 AVIAT NETWORKS | AUGUST 17, 2010

 Microwave is Ready for LTE

Key Characteristic Microwave Capability

Capacity to cell site 10 to 300+ Mbit/s

Capacity to aggregation site Up to 2 Gbit/s

Distance to cell site (from fiber POP) <1 to >30 miles

Time to establish link days to weeks

Availability up to 99.999%

Cost: Capex / Opex Low / Low

10 AVIAT NETWORKS | AUGUST 17, 2010

 But, TDM traffic still dominates!

11 AVIAT NETWORKS | AUGUST 17, 2010

 The Need for Smooth Network Migration

• Hybrid or dual-
network TDM +
Ethernet architecture
optimal
• Lowest migration risk
• Preserve revenue
bearing voice traffic

Transform
Transition
Maintain
• Preserve trusted TDM
sync
• Operators can migrate
their networks at their
own pace

12 AVIAT NETWORKS | AUGUST 17, 2010 12

 Hybrid vs. Pure Ethernet
• Heavy Reading expects hybrid
TDM/Ethernet to dominate initially,
accounting for 85% of live Ethernet
microwave sites by the end of 2010
and 51% by the end of 2013
• Hybrid - voice and low-speed data is
carried natively over TDM and high speed
data is carried over Ethernet.
• Pure Ethernet (data-only) - used solely
for high speed data while keeping voice
and low speed data on a separate
physical infrastructure
• Pure Ethernet (voice+data) - used for
voice and data, using pseudowires to
support legacy TDM or ATM traffic.

Source: Heavy Reading Ethernet Backhaul

Quarterly Market Tracker, August 2010

13 AVIAT NETWORKS | AUGUST 17, 2010

 Microwave Liquid Bandwidth

• Scalable capacity selection

through software
• Programmable assignment
of available bandwidth
between TDM and IP
• Simply change traffic mix as
network requirements
change
• Efficient support for TDM
and fully future-proofed for
all-IP

14 AVIAT NETWORKS | AUGUST 17, 2010

 There’s no 'one-size-fits-all' in backhaul

• With the right backhaul technology,

Operators can turn the growth in
bandwidth demand into an
opportunity for competitive advantage
• Fiber will not be the only answer to
the next generation backhaul
challenge
• Microwave is LTE-ready, and is a
perfect complement to fiber.
• Hybrid microwave supports packet
transport features and capacity, but
with smooth and low risk, low cost
migration from existing TDM
infrastructure

15 AVIAT NETWORKS | AUGUST 17, 2010

 About Aviat Networks…..

• Formerly known as Harris

Stratex Networks
• The largest turnkey
microwave provider in the
US, and 6th largest
worldwide
• 50 year wireless experience
• US-based HQ, R&D,
Manufacturing, Service and
Support
• Market Leading LTE-Ready
Wireless Backhaul solutions

16 AVIAT NETWORKS | AUGUST 17, 2010

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