Biodiesel Programme-NEDFi’s

initiative

Presentation by
R&D Centre, Khetri

•A mission for comercialisation of medicinal and aromatic crops in North East

•Started with commercialisation of patchouli and geranium.
•Set up R & D Centre for providing technical assistance
•Launched an export orientated patchouli oil production scheme
•Supporting the entire value chain for MAP – from seedling to market

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 Role of NEDFi on promotion of Biodiesel

Commercialization of Jatropha and Pongamia in the

NE India.
This would be a part of the NEDFi “Alternate
Energy” project.
The commercial feasibility of Nahar (Mesua ferrea)
is under study.
Ultimate goal - to establish sustainable eco-friendly
business chain based on plantation, primary
processing, value addition etc. on TBO Seed.

Present status on biodiesel movement

An Advisory Committee constituted

Two Seminars on Biodiesel have been organized

Completed survey on indigenous Jatropha curcas and Pongamia

pinnata species available in Assam and Meghalaya

Some interesting variations in oil content ranging from 28 – 44.67 %

observed

Hopeful in identifying some elite germplasm from the indigenous

stock
Initiated Ph.D research work on Pongamia

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 Present status on biodiesel movement
Cont….
Actively associated with the JFMC programme under State
social forestry department

Collaborative research programme with Biotechnology

Deptt., IIT Guwahati on Micro-propagation
Developing Agro-technology of Jatropha and Pongamia
plantation.
Setting up a complete package of Biodiesel Centre from
seed to Biodiesel with 250 litre capacity with financial
support of DST, GoI.

Future thrust

Development of high yielding varieties

Phase wise area expansion,
Utilize Jhum fallows in the hilly areas and to provide
quick green coverage in the denudated forest
areas.
Arrest Soil erosion in the riverine tracts, stabilization
of embankments, river banks by planting pongamia.
Proper utilization of byproducts like press cake, fruit
shells, glycerine etc.

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 Future Thrust –contd….

Establishment of sale centres with a declared support price

at farmers’ reach.

Introduction of Bee-keeping in the plantation

Value addition of oil cake as organic fertilizer / soil pesticide

etc.

Introduction of suitable plant species for inter-cropping

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 Jatropha curcas-identified as the
most potential species because
Jatropha is easily establish, fast growing. Hardy &
require little care
Grows in poor soils including sandy soil with low rainfall.
Plantation, oil extraction, nursery raising can be rural
based, thus promoter of rural economy besides energy
security.
Not a competitor of any crop rather increases the yield.
Due to mycorrhizal value in roots it helps in getting
phosphate from soil.

Essentials before executing a large

scale plantation programme
Food Security Demands
No diversion of cultivation land for
Jatropha or Pongamia
Energy Security Demands
Identification of lands
Estimation of availability of such lands
Improved varieties / Elite material
Agro-technique

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 Jatropha- an alternate to Petro Diesel

Soil & Climate

A tropical species, grows well in subtropical conditions.
It grows almost everywhere except waterlogged
condition and flood prone areas.
If the rising water table engulf the major root system &
continues for a longer period, plant will die.

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 Plantation techniques
Commercial cultivation is by seeds only
Seed orchard by clonal propagation
Seed rate: 5-
5-6 kg/ha
Spacing 3 m X 2.5 m or 3 m x 3 m
1333 to 1111 plants/ha
important-after 2nd year number of
Pruning is most important-
branches should be 75-
75-100.

Fat of close planting

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Tap in seed raised seedlings

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Location: Vill-
Vill- Purba Basugaon,
Basugaon, Dist-
Dist- Kokrajhar,
Kokrajhar, Assam.
Altitude-
Altitude- 150m . Age-
Age- 45 yr.
yr.
(Girth – 110 cm),Ht-
cm),Ht-5.30 m, Fruits/bunch-
Fruits/bunch-8.00 – 20.00

P RUNING

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Ideal plant architect

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Jatropha based multi-tier
intercropping system

Intercrops
•Patchouli
• Gingelly
• Sarpagandha
• Cowpea

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 Pest and Disease

Pest – Defoliator

Disease
Nursery –
Damping off
Field – Root rot
Bavistin ,
Bordeux mixture

Dry fruits before seed separation

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 Yield & income/ha (Rs 5.50/kg)
Cost of plantation in first year Rs. 22,250
Years Per plant yield seed yield Gross
return (Rs)
Rs)

st
1 - - - -
nd
2 - 0.5 – 1.0 kg - 1000 kg - 5500
rd
3 - 1.0 – 2.0 kg - 2000 kg - 11,000
th
4 - 2.5 - 3.0 kg - 3500 kg + 19,250
5th - 3.0 – 4.0 kg - 5000 kg + 27,500
With good management yield may go up to
8,000/ha or even more

Portioning of dry fruits of Jatropha

Total fruits- 100
Seed kernel 36.6 %
Seed coat- 23.4%
Fruit husk- 40 %
Seed coat on the kernel constitute around 40%
of seed wt.
On mechanical expelling with seed coat-9-10 %
oil retained in deoiled cake
Expelling kernel increases upto-4-5 % recovery.

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 Promote Flowering?

•Spray GA 50ppm / litre twice a year

(50 mg in 1000 ml of water)

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 Tricks of higher productivity
Adopt high yielding varieties only
Pruning main stem for profuse branching
Foliar spraying with GA @ 100 ppm (100
mg/litre of water.
Introduction of Beehives @ 10 hives/ha to
enhance pollination.
Ensuring maximum exposure to sunlight
for enhancing seed yield.

Targeted growing areas in NE

Inside Forestry
-Degraded Forestry
Out side Forestry / Revenue villages close to forestry
- Common lands managed by Panchayats
- Common lands managed by Government
- Fallow lands held by farmers
- Wastelands held by government
- Low production lands with low income
Rainshadow / low rainfall zone
Poor soils / sand cast areas
Railway tracks / Roadsides
Jhum fallows in Hilly areas
To stabilize bunds (embankments)
Erosion prone watershed areas
Lands occupied by field boundaries and international boundaries.

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Thrust areas for yield enhancement
Systematic varietal improvement
Low cost high yield technology
Value addition & exploration of byproducts
Technology demonstration through model farms
/ Focused extension programme
Mass propagation by Tissue cultue of elite strain
Use of flower enhancing hormones &
introduction of Bee-keeping in plantation.

Jatropha Seed Processing

Seed

Biofuel Glycerol Oilcake

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 Jatropha Biodiesel Plant
The biodiesel production process consists of A. Oil
Crushing Plant B. Biodiesel Manufacturing
Plant
A. Oil Crushing Plant
1. Oil Expeller
2. Filter Press with Accessories
3. Steam Boiler
4. Storage Tank
5. Pump and Other Accessories

Biodiesel production unit

The plant consists of
1. Oil storage tank
2. Bio diesel Reactor
3. Catalyst preparation tank
4. Bio diesel storage tank
5. Centrifuge/ separation unit
6. Crude glycerol storage tank
7. Water wash pump
8. Water storage tank
9. Steam boilers with controls
10. Pipe and accessories

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 The Schematic Diagram
Catalyst Preparation
Tank

Pump

Oil Storage tank Pump Bio diesel Storage

Reactor Pump

Washing
Pure Biodiesel Crude biodiesel Centrifuges
Tank

Water Pumping Crude

Washed Water unit Glycerol

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Filter Press

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POTENTIAL USES OF JATROPHA AND PONGAMIA

Tree Borne oils

Jatropha, Pongamia
Biomass

Seeds
Oil cake

Bio-pesticides Non-edible Oil Bio-fertilizer

Wastewater
Glycerine
treatment
Biodiesel

Process
Glycerine based
water products
Oleo-chemicals

BIODIESEL FROM JATROPHA

1 ha Waste land

1300 Trees

3.25 MT seeds
(2.5 kg seeds/tree)

1.04 MT oil 2.21 MT oil cake

Note : The above figures are conservative and oil yields of about 1.7 MT/ha can
be obtained.

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 Seed collection period
The fruit harvesting period is as
follows:
Pongamia pinnata- March – April
Jatropha curcas- July – Dec
Nahar (Mesua ferrea)- Oct – Nov

Thank you

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