Chapter 4

4. System Unit - Case that contain electronic components of the computer used to
process data
5. Drive bays - Components in the front spaces? Such as Disk drives and oth
er storages.
Power Supply
Sound card
Video Card
Processor - Chip
Memory - Long chip
6. Motherboard - Main circuit board
Chip contains ingrated circuits
7. Processor - central processing unit, carries out basic instructions that oper
ate a computer
Contains a control unit and arithemetic logic unit (ALU)
Multi-core processor Dual-core processor Quad-core processor
8. Processor = Control Unit | Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)
9. Control unit = the component of the processor that directs and coordinat
es most of the operations in the computer
Arithmetic Logic Unit performs arithmetic, comparison, and other operati
ons
12. The processor contains registers, that temporarily hold data and instruc
tions
System Clock controls the timing of all computer operations
The pace of the system clock is clock Speed, measured in gigahertz (GHz)
14.
15. A processor chip generates heat that could cause chip to burn. Requires Heat
Skins, Liquid cooling technology
17. Eight bits grouped together as a unit are called a byte. A byte represents a
single character in the computer

18. Analog singnals are continuous and vary in strength and quality
Digtal signales are in one of two states: on or off
Most computers are digital, Binary systems uses two unique digits (0 and
1) = Bit and bytes
22. Memory consists of electronic components that store instructions waiting to
be executed by the processor, data needed by those instructions. 3 ex: OS, other
System softwares, application programs and data being progressed.
23. Volatile memory = RAM, Nonvolatile = ROM, CMOS, flash memory.
25. Dynamic Ram (DRAM) piplining techniques, Magnetresistive RAM (MRAM)
27. Amount of RAM necessary in a computer...
28. Memory Cache speeds up the processes of computer b/c it stores frequently us
ed instuctions and data. L1 is faster than L2
31. Access time is the amt of time it takes processor to read from memory, measu
red in nanoseconds
32. Expansion slot - socket on the motherboard that can hold an adapter card
Adapter card enhances functions of a component of the system unit or pro
vides peripherals (sound card and video card)
38. Monitor, DUI, eSATA, Firewall, Network
44. PCI Express - Newest video card, USB 3.0 card
49. Lol @ liquids.
Chapter 5
4. Input
5. Instructions can be entered into the computer in the form of prgrams, command
s, and user response
7. Keyboard - Input device
17. Touch screen
18. Microsoft surface, touchscreen sensitive (ipods)
29. Video input - is the process of capturing full-motion images and storing the
m on a computer's storage medium
30.
32. video conference
35. OCR - Optical character recognition read characters from ordinary documents
36. OMR - reads hand-drawn marks such as small circles or rectangles. (Scan-tron
s)
38. RFID (radio frequency identifcation) - onecards
40. MICR (magnetic ink character recognition) - (checks)
42. Biometrics authenicates a person's identity by verifying a personal characte
ristic
44. ATM
Chapter 6
6. display device visually conveys text, graphics, and video information. Monito
r = package separate peripheral - LCD Monitor, widescreen
9. Resolution - # of horizontal and vertical pixels in a display device
10. Graphics processing unit (GPU) controls manipulation and display of graphics
on a display device
11. Plasma monitors - uses gas plasma techonology, offers screen up to 150 inche
s
13. CRT monitor - desktop monitor that contains a cathode-ray tube
17. nonimpact printer - forms characters and graphics on a piece of paper withou
t actually striking the paper
18. ink-jet printer - spraying drops of ink on paper. higher dpi (dots per inch)
= higher quality output
22. Laser Printer - Color, Black+White, High-speed and high-quality
24. multifuction peripheral - all in one device
29. impact printers form characters and graphics on a piece of paper by striking
a mechanism against a inked ribbon that physically contain paper
30. dot-matrix prinkter - produces printed images when tiny wire pins on a print
head mechanism strike an inked ribbon
31. audio output device produces music, speech or other sounds
Chapter 7
6. KB, MB, GB, TB, every 1,000.
8. Access Time - amt of time it takes a storage device to locate an item on a st
orage medium. The time required to deliver an item from memory to processor
14. 2 per platter.
15. backup from your hard disk
16. cache in processor
19. SATA, SCSI, EIDE, SAS
22. memory card
23. SD
27. Cloud Storage - Online server storage
29. Access files from any computer, large files, allow others to access their fi
les, view time critical data, store offsite backups, privde data center function
s
30. Optical disc
31.
33.
34. CD-ROM can be read but not written. CD-R, CD-RW
37. DVD-ROM - high optical disc can be read but not written, Blue-ray disc rom =
100GB, DVD-RW, DVD+RW and DVD-RAM
39. Tape - magnetically coated ribbon of plastic capable of storing large amts o
f data and information. Tape Drive reads and whites data
40. magnetic stripe card - contains stripes that stores information. smart card
stores data on a thin microprocessor embedded in the card
41. microfilm and microfiche store microscopic images of documents on a roll or
a sheet film
42. magnetic disks 3-5 years, optical discs 5-10 years, solid state drives 50 ye
ars, microfilm = 100 years.