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Clara Sandelind och Oskar Taxén
Uppdatering av Anna Rehnvall och Karin Zelano

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!!!!!!!FORES Policy Paper 2010 : 1

(Uppdaterat 2011-04-20)
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!
D-.61!>A! Valresultat Sverigedemokraterna 1988–2006
!
! År Röster i Kommunala
riksdagsval mandat
! (cirka)
!
! 1988 1000 0
! 1991 5000 2
! 1994 14 000 5
! 1998 20 000 8
! 2002 76 000 49
! 2006 162 000 281
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!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
1
Ekström von Essen, Ulla (2006), ’Sverigedemokraterna i de svenska kommunerna 2002-2006. En studie av
politisk aktivitet, strategi och mobilisering.’, Integrationsverket, s. 17. Inspirationen från Front National gäller
också hur man lyckats kombinera en etnisk nationalism med etablissemangsmissnöje, vilket även anammats av
övriga skandinaviska främlingsfientliga partier (Rydgren, Jens (2005), Från skattemissnöje till etnisk nationalism.
Högerpopulism och parlamentarisk högerextremism i Sverige., Danmark: Studentlitteratur, s. 31).
2
SD nyhetsbrev 13 januari 2004, citerat i Rydgren, Från skattemissnöje, s. 129.
3
Demker, Marie (2007), ’Attitudes toward immigrants and refugees. Swedish trends with some comparisons’,
Paper presented at Intenational Studies Association 48th Annual Convention, s. 36.
4
Demker, ’Attitudes’, s. 36.

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Diaz, Alberto Jose (2006), ’Populism och främlingsmisstro – Sverige i Europa’, Integrationsverket, s. 19.

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!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
6
Rydgren, Från skattemissnöje, s. 49-50.
7
Ekström von Essen, ’Sverigedemokraterna’, s. 22.; Lodenius, Anna-Lena (1999), ’Bemötande av
främlingsfientliga och populistiska partier i kommuner och landsting’ i Clinell, Bim m. fl. ’Demokratins
förgörare’, SOU 1999:10, s. 157-200, s. 176.
8
Holmberg, Sören och Oscarsson, Henrik (2008), ’Alliansseger’, SCB, Göteborgs universitet, s. 229.
9
Rydgren, Från skattemissnöje’, s. 72.
10
Rydgren, Jens (2008), ’ Immigration sceptics, xenophobes or racists? Radical right-wing
voting in six West European countries’, European Journal of Political Research 47, s. 737-765, s. 745.

! >=!
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Svenskars attityder till att Sverige ska ta emot fler/färre

invandrare 1987–2005.
Procent som tycker att fler/färre är ett bra förslag.
70
Färre invandrare
60

50

40

30

20

Fler invandrare
10

1989 1992 1995 1998 2001 2004

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!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
11
Enligt måttet ”Anser du att Sverige ska ta emot fler eller färre flyktingar?” Huruvida detta är ett exakt mått på
främlingsfientlighet som sådan är naturligtvis inte helt lätt att avgöra.
12
Holmberg, Sören och Weibull, Lennart (red.) (2007), ’Svenska trender 1986-2007’, SOM rapport 19, p. 27.
13
Demker, ’Attitudes’. s. 11.

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!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
14
Loxbo, Karl, Erlingsson Ö Gissur och Öhrnvall, Richard (2009), ’Supply Equals Success?’, Ration Working
papers 132.
15
Att SD ändå lyckades ta mandat i en fjärdedel av alla kommuner man inte ställde upp i skulle dock kunna tolkas
som ett ganska högt resultat.

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16
1998 slog Älvsborgs län, Göteborgs och Bohusläns län samt stora delar av Skaraborgs län samman och bildade
Västra Götalands län.
17
Som efter 53 år lades ner 31 december 2009.
18
Dalslänningen 6 juli 1990.

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!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
19
Lodenius, ’Bemötande’, s. 180.
20
Dalslänningen 28 september 1990.

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!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
21
Dalslänningen 2 september 1994; Lodenius, ’Bemötande’, s. 179.

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!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
22
Citerat i Mälaröarnas Nyheter 19 september 1994.

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!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
23
Mälaröarnas Nyheter 23 januari 1995.
24
Intervju i Mälaröarnas Nyheter 22 januari 1996.

! >X!
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!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
25
Mälaröarnas Nyheter 18 mars 1996.
26
Mälaröarnas Nyheter 22 oktober 2001.
27
Mälaröarnas Nyheter 19 december1994.
28
”Rapport om kriminella gäng, rasism och främlingsfientlighet i Stockholms län”, intervju med Mikael Lund från
länskriminalpolisens enhet mot rasism och främlingsfientlighet i Mälaröarnas Nyheter 10 mars 1997.

! >Y!
 !

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29
Mälaröarnas Nyheter 5 februari 1996.
30
Mälaröarnas Nyheter oktober 2002. Nationaldemokraterna lyckades däremot vinna hela 154 röster, vilket
troligen berodde på att nazistgruppering fortfarande fanns kvar på Ekerö.
31
Mälaröarnas Nyheter april 2001.

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!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
32
Statistik från Glesbygsverket, hämtat på http://www.glesbygdsverket.se/site/Default.aspx?id=3590.
33
Lodenius, ’Bemötande’, s. 177.
34
Loxbo m. fl., ’Supply’, s. 16.
35
Lodenius, ’Bemötande’, s. 157; Clinell, Bim (1999), ’Svensk högerpopulism i franskt ljus’, i Clinell, Bim m. fl.
’Demokratins förgörare’, SOU 1999:10, s. 201-217, s. 210; Wilkes, Rima, Guppy, Neil och Farris, Lily (2008), ’ No
Thanks, We’re Full”: Individual Characteristics, National Context, and Changing Attitudes Toward
Immigration’, IMR 42 (2), s. 325.

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Rasistiska och främlingsfientliga krafter i kommunen

a)1/%1#,!%/!1%2-23-2$%!#:4k(&&(1!,%c-23-2$%!.16++(1-,.%1!+9!#13(,!
01%*49&&2!%/!/-22%!0#12$%1(!2#*!(,!,C7/),7-.!0C1632)33,-,.!0C1!%33!(33!

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
36
Weldon, Steven A. (2006), ‘The Institutional Context of Tolerance for Ethnic Minorities: A Comparative,
Multilevel analysis of Western Europe’, American Journal of Political Science 50 (2), s. 331-349. Som Rydgren
påpekar gäller dock detta inte gäller flyktiga vardagliga kontakter (Rydgren, ’Immigration’, s. 757).

! <U!
 !

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!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
37
Art, David (2006), The European Radical Right in Comparative-Historical Perspective”, American Political
Science Association, Philadelphia, August 31-September 3.
38
Art, ’The European’, s. 9-10.
39
Visserligen fanns det nazister kvar på Ekerö även efter valet 1998 och Nationaldemokratena har till och med
kunnat nå vissa framgångar i senkommande val.

! <T!
 !

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Hantering av Sverigedemokraterna i fullmäktige

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!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
40
Art, ’The European’, s. 33.
41
Rydgren, Från skattemissnöje, s. 29
42
Rydgren, Från skattemissnöje, s. 29.

! <W!
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!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
43
Kerstin Ekstrand i Mälaröarnas Nyheter 23 januari 1995.
44
Holmberg och Oscarsson, ’Alliansseger’, s. 225.
45
Holmberg och Oscarsson, ’Alliansseger’, s. 229.

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46
Rydgren, Från skattemissnöje, s. 22 och 51-53.
47
Holmberg och Weibull, ’Svenska trender’ s. 24; Demker, ’Attitudes’, s. 9.

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!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
48
Rydgren, Från skattemissnöje, s. 28
49
Se Rydgren, Från skattemissnöje, s. 22.

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!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
50
Intervju Runar Filper, ledamot i Sunne kommunfullmäktige, 2011-04-06
51
Intervju Ola Persson, 2011-03-31
52
Intervju Lars Rosander, 2011-03-31
53
Intervju Bo Karlsson, 2011-03-31
54
Tabell 1
55
Intervjuer Persson, Rosander, samt Tommy Svensson- Pöder, 2011-03-31.

! SU!
 !

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Missnöjesröster 2006 och ett SD som inte levererat

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0C1/),3%3!%33!+%13-(3!2$6&&(!*-,2$%!-!/%&(3!<=>=A!TX!
!

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
56
Intervju Lennart Söderberg, 2011-04-11
57
Intervju Jannik Hansen, 2011-04-08
58
Intervju Stefan Olsson, 2011-04-15

! ST!
 !

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Sverigedemokraterna och Folkpartiet

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2)12$-&3!*(7!31@..4(32019.#1!#:4!'1#332'($)*+,-,.A!5,&-.3!J#&-2(,2!

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
59
Intervju Lennart Söderberg, 2011-04-11
60
Intervju Stefan Olsson, 2011-04-15
61
Lennart Söderberg, 2011-04-11
62
Intervju Stefan Olsson, 2011-04-15
63
Intervju Torkild Strandberg, 2011-04-12

! SW!
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76$3-.%!+9!%33!4%,3(1%!8/(1-.(7(*#$1%3(1,%jWX!-!$#**6,06&&*)$3-.(!#:4!
31#1!%33!231%3(.-,!/%1-3!&@:$#2%*!3%:$!/%1(!%33!0&@$3-,.K!#:4!
-,/%,71-,.2019.#1!-,3(!0C1($#**(1!+9!$#**6,+#&-3-2$!,-/9A!V(3!4%1!
3/-,.%3!8/(1-.(7(*#$1%3(1,%!%33!0C149&&%!2-.!3-&&!j362(,!%,71%!019.#1!-,#*!
362(,!%,71%!#*197(,j;!/-&$(3!%/2&CG%3!%33!+%13-(3!-!23#13!2(33!2%$,%1!+#&-3-$!
+9!7(!#*197(,!2#*!-,3(!'(1C1!0&@$3-,.K!#:4!-,/%,71-,.AWY!E170C1%,7(!0C1!
8/(1-.(7(*#$1%3(1,%!-!$#**6,(,!3@:$(1!%33!%1'(3(3!-!$#**6,06&&*)$3-.(!
06,.(1%1!/)&!jZ-!4%1!-,3(!2$%+%3!$%#2!2#*!*9,.%!31#77(jA!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
64
http://www.landskrona.se/documents/landskrona/documents/trygg%20och%20s%C3%A4ker/2010%20decem
ber%20.pdf
65
http://www.bra.se/extra/news/?module_instance=7&id=370
66
Intervju Torkild Strandberg, 2011-04-12
67
Ibid
68
Intervju Jan Allan Beer, 2011-04-07
69
Intervju Beer, 2011-04-07, Som exempel på att Sverigedemokraterna är relativt politiskt uddlösa på kommunal
nivå nämner Beer att de bland annat motionerat om att inte servera Ramlösa på kommunmötena utan
hemkolsyrat vatten (Motion till KF 27 feb 2008 ”Välj bort flaskvatten”, och om huruvida Landskrona ska ha ett
hem för hemlösa hundar och katter (Motion till KF 8 sept 2010 ”Undersök möjligheterna för ett kommunalt
djurhem”) ”Knappast rasistiska frågor”, enligt Beer.

! Sh!
 !

Dödsmisshandeln den 29 mars

V(,!<Y!*%12!<=>=!2$(77(!(,!*@:$(3!31%.-2$!4),7(&2(!2#*!2$%$%7(!'97(!
"%,72$1#,%!#:4!1(23(,!%/!&%,7(3A!503(1!(,!4)03-.!7-2$622-#,!#*!(,!
+%1$(1-,.2+&%32!*-224%,7&%7(2!(33!)&71(!+%1e!7(,!)&71(!$/-,,%,!29!2/913!%33!
4#,!2(,%1(!%/&(7A!N,-3-%&3!/-223(!*%,!-,3(!/(*!.)1,-,.2*%,,(,!/%1!#:4!(,!
631(7,-,.!-,&(77(2!0C1!%33!09!3%.!+9!7(,!2$@&7-.(A!I%,2$%!2,%13!'&(/!(,!<SK
91-.!*%,!*(7!-,/%,71%1'%$.16,7!%,49&&(,!#:4!(,!4)32$!7('%33;!01%*0C1%&&3!
+9!-,3(1,(3;!2%33(2!-.9,.Ah=!a%*,!#:4!+(12#,,6**(1!+9!+#3(,3-(&&3!
*-223),$3%!&%7(2!6++!+9!7-/(12(!2#:-%&%!*(7-(1!#:4!'&#..%1Ah>!a@4(32:4(0(,!
0C1!"%,72$1#,%2!&#$%&3-7,-,.!*(,%1!%33!*%,!4%7(!2)12$-&7%!+1#'&(*!*(7!
,)33-7,-,.(,2!$#**(,3%106,$3-#,!2#*!2&63&-.(,!23),.7(2!,(1!+9!.16,7!%/!
%&&30C1!23%1$%!-,&)..Ah<!V(,!6++*)1$2%**%7(!*-224%,7(&,!2$(77(!'%1%!
*9,%7(1!-,,%,!/%&(3!#:4!2$%+%7(!.@,,2%**%!0C1632)33,-,.%1!0C1!
01)*&-,.20-(,3&-.%!$1%03(1!%33!@33(1&-.%1(!2+)!+9!0C17#*%1!#:4!,(.%3-/%!
%33-3@7(1!.(,3(*#3!-,/%,71%1(A!R33!29!-,3(!2$(77(!'(1#77(!+9!1(2+#,2(,!
019,!01%*0C1%&&3!-,/9,%1,%!-!"%,72$1#,%;!2#*!.(,#*!2-33!%.(1%,7(!&@:$%7(2!
23)/G%!%33!2-36%3-#,(,!63,@33G%7(2!0C1!%33!C$%!*#32)33,-,.%1,%!-!$#**6,(,A!!
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0C1(3%.%1(!%33!7(!630)23!(,!'(&C,-,.!+9!U=!===!$1!3-&&!7(,!2#*!'-71#.!*(7!
-,0#1*%3-#,!29!&(77(!3-&&!*%,,(,2!.1-+%,7(AhS!V9!*%,!/%1!*9,!#*!%33!7(3!
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+9!T===!*(7!0C1(3%.%1,%2!U=!===A!V(33%!/%1!-,3(!(,!*%1$(1-,.!*#3!G623!
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2$6&&(!49&&%2!63%,0C1AhU!!
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+9!"%,72$1#,%2!F974623#1.!#:4!(,!-!0#1*!%/!(,!$#*'-,(1%7!$1-23(,K
*62&-*2$!2%**%,2&63,-,.!-!"%,72$1#,%2!$@1$%A!i/(,!-!7(22%!'97%!
2%**%,4%,.!4C&&2!+#&-3-$(,!+9!%/239,7!#:4!+#&-3-$(1!/%1!/)&$#*,%!(,7%23!-!
(.(,2$%+!%/!+1-/%3+(12#,(1A!8%**%!/(:$%!4C&&!)/(,!7(3!01)*&-,.20-(,3&-.%!
+%13-(3!a%3-#,%&7(*#$1%3(1,%!(,!*%,-0(23%3-#,!*#3!7(3!*%,!$%&&%7(!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
70
”Hätskhet och oro efter dödsdrama”, Helsingborgs Dagblad 8 april 2010, http://hd.se/inrikes/2010/04/08/fel-
man-uthangd-efter-dodsdrama/
71
Som ett exempel på hur informationen spreds på internetforum: ”Dödsmisshandeln i Landskrona”, Politiskt
Inkorrekt 2 april 2010, http://politisktinkorrekt.info/2010/04/02/parkeringsmordet-landskrona-misstankt-
anhallen/
72
Intervju Jannik Hansen, 2011-04-08
73
”Företagare utfäster belöning”, Helsingborgs Dagblad 1 april 2010,
http://mobil.hd.se/landskrona/2010/04/05/foretagare-utfaster-beloning/
74
”Flera ville skänka pengar till belöning”, Helsingborgs Dagblad 6 april 2010,
http://hd.se/landskrona/2010/04/06/flera-ville-skanka-pengar-till/

! SX!
 !

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01%*31)7(1!0C&G%,7(!+6,$3(1!/)17%!%33!6++*)1$2%**%]!!
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!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
75
”polisen befarar oroligheter vid ND-demonstration”, Helsingborgs Dagblad 9 april 2010,
http://hd.se/landskrona/2010/04/09/polisen-befarar-oroligheter-vid-nd/
76
”Inget Lyft, SD”, Aftonbladet 9 april 2010,
http://www.aftonbladet.se/nyheter/article6922117.ab

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 !

Tabell 1

Valresultat Hultsfred

Kommunalval Landstingsval Riksdagsval

2010 2010 2010

2.96% (- 0,35) 4,35 % (+ 1,63) 6,10 % (+2,43)

Antalet röster Antalet röster Antalet röster

minskade från ökade från ökade från
287 till 261 481 till 799 318 till 537

Valresultat Sunne

Kommunalval Landstingsval Riksdagsval

2010 2010 2010

3,70 % (-0,37) 3, 44 % (+0,28) 3,08 % (+1,63)

SD behåller Antal röster på Antalet röster på

samma antal SD ökade från SD ökade från
mandat (2st), 261 till 292. 205 till 353
dock minskade
antalet röster från
340 till 318.

Valresultat Landskrona

Kommunalval Landstingsval Riksdagsval

2010 2010 2010

15,82% (- 6,44 ) 10,59% (- 0,57) 9,88 % (+1,64)

Antalet röster Antalet röster Antalet röster

minskade från minskade från ökade från
5250 till 3949 2596 till 2609 1900 till 2408

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Referenser
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J(12+(:3-/(j;!R*(1-:%,!J#&-3-:%&!8:-(,:(!R22#:-%3-#,;!J4-&%7(&+4-%;!R6.623!
S>K8(+3(*'(1!S!
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0&A!OV(*#$1%3-,2!0C1.C1%1(O;!8E?!>YYY]>=;!2A!<=>K<>h!
!
V(*$(1;![%1-(!f<==hg;!OR33-367(2!3#^%17!-**-.1%,32!%,7!1(06.((2A!
8^(7-24!31(,72!^-34!2#*(!:#*+%1-2#,2O;!J%+(1!+1(2(,3(7!%3!N,3(,%3-#,%&!
8367-(2!R22#:-%3-#,!UX34!R,,6%&!`#,/(,3-#,!
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V-%c;!R&'(13#!M#2(!f<==Wg;!OJ#+6&-2*!#:4!01)*&-,.2*-2231#!b!8/(1-.(!-!
561#+%O;!N,3(.1%3-#,2/(1$(3!
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8367(,3&-33(1%361!
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Weldon, Steven A. (2006), ‘The Institutional Context of Tolerance for Ethnic
Minorities: A Comparative, Multilevel analysis of Western Europe’, American
Journal of Political Science 50 (2), s. 331-349
!
o-&$(2;!F-*%;!I6++@;!a(-&!#:4!D%11-2;!"-&@!f<==Xg;!O a#!d4%,$2;!o(O1(!D6&&j]!
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Referenser till kapitel 5

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Om FORES

FORES är en ny tankesmedja som vill förändra. Globalisering och klimatförändring innebär utmaningar som
kräver nya sätt att se på samhället. FORES ger debatten nya perspektiv, frimodiga idéer och positiv energi.
Vi bygger nätverk av samhällsintresserade och experter. Tillsammans kan vi ta fram tydliga och konkreta
förslag på lösningar för en hållbar framtid.
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www.fores.se brev@fores.se Bellmansgatan 10, 118 20 Stockholm

FORES – FORUM FÖR REFORMER OCH ENTREPRENÖRSKAP

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