Part III

Administrative, Procedural, and Miscellaneous

26 CFR 601.204: Changes in accounting periods and methods of accounting

(Also Part 1, §§ 263A, 446, 481; 1.263A-1, 1.263A-2, 1.263A-3, 1.446-1, 1.481-1,
1.481-4.)

Rev. Proc. 2002-54

SECTION 1. PURPOSE

.01 This revenue procedure amplifies and clarifies Rev. Proc. 2002-19,

2002-13 I.R.B. 696, relating to changes in method of accounting under § 446 of

the Internal Revenue Code. Rev. Proc. 2002-19 modifies Rev. Proc. 97-27,

1997-1 C.B. 680, and Rev. Proc. 2002-9, 2002-3 I.R.B. 327, (as modified and

clarified by Announcement 2002-17, 2002-8 I.R.B. 561), in part to reduce the §

481(a) adjustment period for net negative § 481(a) adjustments for a change

from 4 years to 1 year, applicable generally to taxable years ending on or after

December 31, 2001. Since the issuance of Rev. Proc. 2002-19 on March 14,

2002, certain questions have arisen about the application of the new 1-year §

481(a) adjustment period to pending or recently approved applications for

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changes in method of accounting under Rev. Proc. 97-27 and to applications

filed under Rev. Proc. 2002-9.

.02 This revenue procedure also clarifies and modifies Rev. Proc. 2002-9,

as modified and clarified by Announcement 2002-17. Since the issuance of Rev.

Proc. 2002-9 on January 7, 2002, the Internal Revenue Service has received

several comments regarding sections 4.01 and 4.02 of the Appendix of Rev.

Proc. 2002-9. Some comments requested that certain provisions of these

sections be clarified; other comments suggested that the sections be modified to

include additional accounting method changes. After consideration of these

comments, the Service is revising sections 4.01(1) through (4) and 4.02 of the

Appendix of Rev. Proc. 2002-9 to clarify the scope of these provisions and to add

certain accounting method changes.

In addition, this revenue procedure clarifies the intended operation of the

transition rules contained in section 13.02 of Rev. Proc. 2002-9.

SECTION 2. CERTAIN PENDING APPLICATIONS UNDER REV. PROC. 97-27

.01 Rollover of Year of Change. The Service has determined that it is

appropriate to allow taxpayers with applications or ruling requests (“applications”)

filed under Rev. Proc. 97-27 for a year of change ending before December 31,

2001, and pending with the national office on March 14, 2002, to modify the

application (or, if the ruling letter has been issued since March 14, 2002, to

request a new ruling letter) to defer the year of change to the first taxable year

ending on or after December 31, 2001, in order to take advantage of the 1-year §

481(a) adjustment period. To do so, the taxpayer must notify the national office,
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prior to the later of December 13, 2002, or the issuance of the letter ruling

granting or denying the requested change, of its intent to defer the year of

change. The taxpayer must submit any additional information requested by the

national office.

.02 Modifications to Pending Applications. Section 4.04(2) of Rev. Proc.

2002-19 provides in part that the national office will require taxpayers with

method change applications under Rev. Proc. 97-27 for a year of change ending

on or after December 31, 2001, that are pending with the national office on

March 14, 2002, to make “appropriate modifications” to the application to comply

with the provisions of Rev. Proc. 2002-19 (namely, the 1-year § 481(a)

adjustment period). The national office will notify taxpayers if and when such

adjustments are required. Absent such notification, no further submissions are

required.

SECTION 3. CERTAIN RECENTLY ISSUED CONSENT AGREEMENTS

.01 In General. If a taxpayer has received a consent agreement for a

change in method of accounting for a year of change ending on or after

December 31, 2001, and the agreement does not reflect a 1-year § 481(a)

adjustment period for a net negative § 481(a) adjustment for the change, the

taxpayer may elect to apply the 1-year § 481(a) adjustment period of Rev. Proc.

2002-19 by complying with the requirements of this section. If a taxpayer does

not want to apply the 1-year § 481(a) adjustment period, or does not comply with

the requirements of this section, then the adjustment period reflected in the

consent agreement will apply.

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.02 Signed and Returned Consent Agreements. If the taxpayer has

signed and returned the consent agreement, the taxpayer must write “Election to

Apply 1-Year Adjustment Period” at the top of the first page of a copy of the

consent agreement and attach the copy to either its timely filed original federal

income tax return or an amended federal income tax return, which should reflect

the 1-year adjustment period.

.03 Unsigned Consent Agreements. If the taxpayer has not yet signed

and returned the consent agreement, the taxpayer should contact the national

office to request the issuance of a consent agreement that reflects a 1-year §

481(a) adjustment period for its net negative § 481(a) adjustment for the change.

SECTION 4. CERTAIN APPLICATIONS FILED UNDER PREDECESSORS OF

REV. PROC. 2002-9

An original application and/or a copy of an application to change a method

of accounting under Rev. Proc. 99-49, 1999-2 C.B. 725, superseded by Rev.

Proc. 2002-9, or any other predecessor of Rev. Proc. 2002-9, for a taxable year

ending on or after December 31, 2001 will be treated as an application and/or

copy filed under Rev. Proc. 2002-9 for purposes of the transition rules set forth in

section 4.04(1) of Rev. Proc. 2002-19.

SECTION 5. ADDITIONAL TIME TO REQUEST A 4-YEAR § 481(a)

ADJUSTMENT PERIOD FOR AUTOMATIC CONSENT.

The Service has determined that it is appropriate to allow taxpayers filing

applications to change a method of accounting under Rev. Proc. 2002-9 (or any

predecessor) additional time to request the application of a 4-year § 481(a)

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adjustment period for net negative § 481(a) adjustments for taxable years ending

on or after December 31, 2001, and on or before April 30, 2002. Accordingly,

taxpayers that qualify for, and comply with, the provisions of this section may

request the application of the 4-year adjustment period for net negative § 481(a)

adjustments for taxable years to which the 1-year § 481(a) adjustment period

would otherwise be applicable under Rev. Proc. 2002-19.

A taxpayer requesting consent to change its method of accounting under

Rev. Proc. 2002-9 (or any predecessor) for a taxable year ending on or after

December 31, 2001, and on or before April 30, 2002, that desires a 4-year §

481(a) adjustment period for a net negative § 481(a) adjustment for the change

may request such adjustment period by preparing an application (or amended

application) in duplicate under Rev. Proc. 2002-9 that clearly indicates that the

taxpayer elects the application of the 4-year § 481(a) adjustment period under

this section 5.

The original and copy of the application must be filed in accordance with

the timely duplicate filing requirements of section 6.02(3) of Rev. Proc. 2002-9.

The original of an amended application must be attached to an original

return (or if an original return has already been filed, to an amended return),

which should reflect the 4-year adjustment period. An amended return must be

filed on or before December 13, 2002. The copy of an amended application must

be labeled “Substitute Application under Rev. Proc. 2002-XX,” and must be filed

with the national office no later than when the original return (or, if applicable, the

amended return) is filed.

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SECTION 6. UNIFORM CAPITALIZATION (UNICAP) CHANGES UNDER REV.

PROC. 2002-9

.01 This section 6 modifies sections 4.01(1) through 4.01(4) and 4.02 of

the Appendix of Rev. Proc. 2002-9, as modified and clarified by Announcement

2002-17. The entire text of these provisions are set forth as a convenience.

However, changes to the existing text of these provisions are limited to sections

4.01(1)(a)(vi), 4.01(1)(b), 4.01(1)(c), the heading of 4.02, 4.02(1), and 4.02(2).

.02 Sections 4.01(1) through 4.01(4) of the Appendix of Rev. Proc. 2002-

9 are modified to read as follows:

“.01 Certain uniform capitalization (UNICAP) methods used by small

resellers, formerly small resellers, and reseller-producers.

“(1) Description of change and scope.

“(a) Applicability. This change applies to:

“(i) a small reseller of personal property changing from a

permissible UNICAP method to a permissible non-UNICAP inventory

capitalization method in any taxable year that it qualifies as a small reseller;

“(ii) a formerly small reseller changing from a permissible

non-UNICAP inventory capitalization method to a permissible UNICAP method in

the first taxable year that it does not qualify as a small reseller;

“(iii) a reseller-producer changing from a permissible

UNICAP method for both its production and resale activities to a permissible

simplified resale method described in § 1.263A-3(d)(3) in any taxable year that it

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qualifies to use a simplified resale method for both its production and resale

activities under § 1.263A-3(a)(4) (resellers with de minimis production activities);

“(iv) a reseller-producer changing from a permissible

simplified resale method described in § 1.263A-3(d)(3) for both its production and

resale activities to a permissible UNICAP method for both its production and

resale activities in the first taxable year that it does not qualify to use a simplified

resale method for both its production and resale activities under § 1.263A-

3(a)(4);

“(v) a reseller that wants to change its permissible UNICAP

method to include a special reseller cost allocation rule; or

“(vi) a reseller changing to a UNICAP method (or methods)

specifically described in the regulations (and making any attendant changes in

the identification of costs subject to § 263A and including any special reseller

cost allocation rules) in any taxable year, other than the first taxable year, that it

does not qualify as a small reseller. However, this does not include a change for

purposes of recharacterizing “section 471 costs” as “additional § 263A costs” (or

vice versa) under the simplified resale method.

“(b) Scope limitations inapplicable. A taxpayer that wants to make

a change described in sections 4.01(1)(a)(i) through 4.01(1)(a)(v) of this

APPENDIX is not subject to the scope limitations in section 4.02 of this revenue

procedure.

“(c) Inapplicability. This change does not apply to a taxpayer

making an historic absorption ratio election under §§ 1.263A-2(b)(4) or 1.263A-

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3(d)(4), or to a taxpayer that wants to revoke an election to use the historic

absorption ratio with the simplified resale method (see § 1.263A-3(d)(4)(iii)(B)),

including a taxpayer using the simplified resale method with an historic

absorption ratio changing to a UNICAP method specifically described in the

regulations that does not include the historic absorption ratio.

“(2) Definitions.

“(a) "Reseller" means a taxpayer that acquires real or personal

property described in § 1221(1) for resale.

“(b) "Small reseller" means a reseller whose average annual

gross receipts for the three immediately preceding taxable years (or fewer, if the

taxpayer has not been in existence during the three preceding taxable years) do

not exceed $10,000,000. See § 263A(b)(2)(B).

“(c) "Formerly small reseller" means a reseller that no longer

qualifies as a small reseller.

“(d) "Producer" means a taxpayer that produces real or tangible

personal property.

“(e) "Reseller-producer" means a taxpayer that is both a producer

and a reseller.

“(f) "Permissible UNICAP method" means a method of capitalizing

costs that is permissible under § 263A.

“(g) “UNICAP method specifically described in the regulations”

includes the simplified service cost method using a labor-based allocation ratio (§

1.263A-1(h)) and the simplified resale method without an historic absorption ratio
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election (§ 1.263A-3(d)), but does not include any other reasonable allocation

method within the meaning of § 1.263A-1(f)(4).

“(h) "Special reseller cost allocation rule” means the 90-10 de

minimis rule to allocate a mixed service department’s costs to property acquired

for resale (§ 1.263A-1(g)(4)(ii)), the 1/3 - 2/3 rule to allocate labor costs of

personnel to purchasing activities (§ 1.263A-3(c)(3)(ii)(A)), and the 90-10 de

minimis rule to allocate a dual-function storage facility’s costs to property

acquired for resale (§ 1.263A-3(c)(5)(iii)(C)).

“(i) "Permissible non-UNICAP inventory capitalization method"

means a method of capitalizing inventory costs that is permissible under § 471.

“(3) Section 481(a) adjustment. Beginning with the year of change, a

taxpayer changing its method of accounting for costs pursuant to sections

4.01(1)(a)(i), 4.01(1)(a)(iii), or 4.01(1)(a)(iv) of this APPENDIX generally must

take any applicable net positive § 481(a) adjustment into account ratably over the

same number of taxable years, not to exceed four, that the taxpayer used its

former method of accounting. A taxpayer changing its method of accounting for

costs pursuant to sections 4.01(1)(a)(ii), 4.01(1)(a)(v) or 4.01(1)(a)(vi) of this

APPENDIX generally must taken any applicable net positive § 481(a) adjustment

into account ratably over four taxable years. See section 5.04(3) of this revenue

procedure for exceptions to this general rule.

“(4) Multiple changes. Taxpayers making both this change and

another change in method of accounting in the same year of change must

comply with the ordering rules of § 1.263A-7(b)(2).”

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.03 Section 4.02 of the Appendix of Rev. Proc. 2002-9 is modified to read as

follows:

“.02 Certain uniform capitalization (UNICAP) methods used by producers

and reseller-producers.

“(1) Applicability. This change applies to a producer (as defined in

section 4.01(2)(d) of the APPENDIX of this revenue procedure) or a reseller-

producer (as defined in section 4.01(2)(e) of the APPENDIX of this revenue

procedure) that wants to change to a UNICAP method (or methods) specifically

described in the regulations and includes any changes in the identification of

costs subject to § 263A made in connection therewith. However, this does not

include a change for purposes of recharacterizing “section 471 costs” as

“additional § 263A costs” (or vice versa) under the simplified production method.

“(2) Inapplicability. This change does not apply to a producer or

reseller-producer that wants to revoke an election to use the historic absorption

ratio with the simplified production method (see § 1.263A-2(b)(4)(iii)(B)),

including a taxpayer using the simplified production method with an historic

absorption ratio changing to a UNICAP method specifically described in the

regulations that does not include the historic absorption ratio.

“(3) Definition. A “UNICAP method specifically described in the

regulations” includes the 90-10 de minimis rule to allocate a mixed service

department’s costs to production or resale activities (§ 1.263A-1(g)(4)(ii)), the 1/3

– 2/3 rule to allocate labor costs of personnel to purchasing activities (§ 1.263A-

3(c)(3)(ii)(A)), the 90 – 10 de minimis rule to allocate a dual-function storage

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facility’s costs to property acquired for resale (§ 1.263A-3(c)(5)(iii)(C)), the

specific identification method (§ 1.263A-1(f)(2)), the burden rate method (§

1.263A-1(f)(3)), the standard cost method (§ 1.263A-1(f)(3)), the direct

reallocation method (§ 1.263A-1(g)(4)(iii)(A)), the step-allocation method (§

1.263A-1(g)(4)(iii)(B)), the simplified service-cost method (with either a labor-

based allocation ratio or a production cost allocation ratio) (§ 1.263A-1(h)), and

the simplified production method without the historic absorption ratio election (§

1.263A-2(b)), but does not include any other reasonable allocation method within

the meaning of § 1.263A-1(f)(4).

“(4) Multiple changes. Taxpayers making both this change and

another change in method of accounting in the same year of change must

comply with the ordering rules of § 1.263A-7(b)(2).”

SECTION 7. TRANSITION RULES OF REV. PROC. 2002-9.

Section 13.02 of Rev. Proc. 2002-9 provides that if a taxpayer filed an

application with the national office for change in method of accounting described

in the APPENDIX of Rev. Proc. 2002-9 for a year of change for which Rev. Proc.

2002-9 is effective, and the application is pending with the national office on

January 7, 2002, the taxpayer may instead make the change under Rev. Proc.

2002-9, provided that the taxpayer notifies the national office of its intent to do so

prior to the later of February 15, 2002, or the issuance of the letter ruling granting

or denying consent to the change. If such a taxpayer chooses to make the

change under Rev. Proc. 2002-9, section 13.02 requires the taxpayer to make

any appropriate modifications to the application to comply with the applicable

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provisions of Rev. Proc. 2002-9. In some cases, the national office retains the

application, and the taxpayer makes the necessary modifications by submitting

supplementary representations to the national office. In other cases, the national

office returns the application to the taxpayer, and the taxpayer makes the

necessary modifications to the application before resubmitting it to the national

office.

Applications that are retained by the national office are considered to be

converted to applications under Rev. Proc. 2002-9 if the taxpayer submits the

necessary supplementary representations to the national office within 30 days of

the Service’s first request for such representations. Applications that are

returned to the taxpayer for necessary modifications are considered to be

converted to applications under Rev. Proc. 2002-9 if the taxpayer resubmits to

the national office the application with the appropriate modifications within 30

days after the Service returns the application to the taxpayer. Whether the

national office retains or returns the application, the date on which the taxpayer

originally filed the application with the national office is treated as the date on

which the application under Rev. Proc. 2002-9 is filed with the national office for

purposes of that revenue procedure. Taxpayers using the transition rule are

reminded to attach a copy of the modified application to their federal income tax

return for the year of change. See section 6.02(3) of Rev. Proc. 2002-9.

EFFECT ON OTHER DOCUMENTS

Rev. Proc. 2002-9 is amplified, clarified and modified. Rev. Proc. 2002-19
is amplified and clarified.
EFFECTIVE DATE
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This revenue procedure is effective for taxable years ending on or after

December 31, 2001.
FURTHER INFORMATION
For further information regarding this revenue procedure, contact Grant D.
Anderson of the Office of Associate Chief Counsel (Income Tax and Accounting)
at (202) 622-4970 (not a toll-free call).