Environmental Monitoring

ESM Andersen Instruments

The ESM Solutions for

Particulate and Ambient
Air Measurement

Collocated FH 62 I-R Monitors

120

100

80

60
C in µg/m3

40

20

-20
30. 12. 01.01. 03.01. 05.01. 07.01. 09.01. 11.01.
Date

ISO 9001
 No. 1 in Continuous Particulate Monitoring
Suspended particles in ambient air
serve as a transport medium for
organic and inorganic compounds.
When a person inhales these
contaminated particles, bronchitis
syndromes or lung and pulmonary
health problems may occur. Air
quality stations and networks observe
the pollutant components for health
protection of the population. Also
around and in industrial sites they are
measured for industrial hygiene. ESM
Andersen Instruments has developed
a wide range of instruments to
provide complete solutions for all
specific requirements in particulate
monitoring.
ESM Andersen Instruments GmbH is
the former FAG Radiation
Measurement Division. The company
started with the development and
industrial production in Erlangen/
Germany more than 50 years ago and
is today one of the world leaders in
particulate measurement. Together
with our US sister companies Ander-
sen and MIE we are members of the
Thermo organization, a dynamically
expanding group of laboratory and
monitoring equipment producers.
Applications
Networks – The FH 62 I-R is designed
to fulfill all needs of networking
installations. The experience of more
than 2,000 FH 62 monitors installed
worldwide is included. It is a high
performance solution with unmatched
special features.
Working place – A continuous monitor
for a quick response, a wide measuring
range, two selectable limit values and
internal data storage for half hour
average concentration values over a
whole year. The sampled particles are
available for a subsequent laboratory
analysis.
Mobile – The FH 62 I-R's quick response
and very low detection limit make it very
2
comfortable in mobile applications. It is a
firm device in which external vibrations do
not effect the measurement. No warm-up
time!
Size selective – Various inlets with
different cutpoints allow a size
selective concentration measurement.
Ambient parameters (pressure and
temperature) are measured to control
the air flow rate (no cutpoint shifts).
Due to the very low detection limits the
FH 62 I-R is able to measure precisely
very small particulate fractions.
THE FLAGSHIP
The FH 62 I-R
Particulate Monitor
utilises the radiometric
principle of beta-
attenuation by a dual
beam compensation
method. The special
advantage is to
measure the mass
concentration
continuously during
sampling.
Approvals and Suitability
Tests
Corresponding to the thoracic
USA convention of ISO 7708, ISO 10473
Approval of the Environmental (Beta Ray Absorption)
Protection Agency (EPA). Beta
Attenuation Monitor FH 62 I-N with GERMANY
PM 10 inlet: Suitability Test: TÜV Approval-Report
EPA-Test-No. EQPM-0990-076 no. 240 12 676 (1995);
(Fed.Reg., Vol. 55, No. 181-1990) published in the Federal Gazette of
Ministers (GMBI) No. 33 (1995)
EUROPE page 703.
European TÜV Test Report The instruments of the type FH 62 I:
no. 24022605 according to the VDI-guideline 2463 part 5 (ISO/DP
European Standard 10473). Radiation protection approval
EN 12341 to comply with the Council of the Federal Republic of Germany;
Directive 1999/30/EC. License no. By 43/95
Dual Beam Compensation
Important Features

Top quality measurement.

Monitoring of extreme low
concentration levels.

Dual beam compensation method
eliminates physically temperature
and pressure changes. This provides
a very stable measurement over a
very long period.

Easy set-up and operation.

Time-saving air flow calibration
with the ESM air flow calibration
kit. Compared flow rates are
calibrated easily by the operation
menu.

Simple and fast mass calibration
with the ESM mass calibration kit.
Results in the same sensitivity and
accuracy e.g. of all units in a
network.

Automatic internal checks with
status reports and detailed logbook
entries for quality assured
measurement data.

No loss of volatile mass
components.

Accurate sampling efficiency
without "flow splitter" or "dryer".

Extremely low maintenance costs
given by one year stand alone and
maintenance-free operation.

Special safety beta source box.

Customer specific options.
A Weight:
ADC
+ CPU
DAC
1
2 analog
3
4 Two independent channels
5 RS232
6 1
7
DP
-
'ESM Andersen Instruments'
Operation Principle Technical Data
The Single Filter Spot Principle is Measuring range:
used: A new cycle starts when a clean 0 to 5,000 µg/m3 or
section of the filter tape moves into the 0 to 10,000 µg/m3
measuring position. The filter spot Detection limits:
typically remains 24 h in place (2) typ. 4 µg/m3 (measured values)
until full load has been reached. typ. 3 µg/m3 (1/2 hour average)
Ambient air is pulled through the typ. 2 µg/m3 ( 3 hour average)
sampling system. Dust particles are typ. 0.5 µg/m3 (24 hour average)
deposited on the filter. The increasing Correlation coefficient:
dust layer weakens the intensity of the R ≥ 0.98
beta beam in the section (4-2-1). The Precision of 2 monitors:
electric signal at the output A is 1 µg/m3 (24 h)
proportional to the actual sampled Measurement:
mass. From the temporal increase of On-line, continuous mass and mass
the dust mass and the measured air concentration during sampling.
flow rate, the concentration is Automatic filter change typically
calculated and displayed. every 24 h.
Short term averaging:
The measuring head (1-7) is built 4 seconds with 1 second scanning time
symmetrically in respect to the beta Long term average concentration:
source (4). Therefore air mass changes 30 min; 1 h; 3 h; 24 h
in the active volumes due to Air flow rate:
temperature or pressure changes as 1 m3/h through the filter (no loss of
well as supply voltages drifts are particles due to flow splitter
compensated intrinsically. Ionization Internal flow rate measurement and
chambers are distinguished as control:
detectors because they have the best stability < 1 %
long term stability, operational life with RPM-regulated pump
time and the less influence on Time between calibration checks and
efficiency by high voltage and maintenance:
temperature changes. 12 months (if used as specified)
= one year stand-alone running
The current air flow rate is exactly without any service
measured with an orifice plate. The Power supply:
RPM-regulated rotary vane pump is 100 V to 240 V; 50 to 60 Hz
provided for accurate air flow rate (± 10%)
control. Dimensions:
Width 483 mm (19")
Height 310 mm (7 HU)
Display
Key´s
Depth 320 (380) mm
approx. 45 kg
Source:
Krypton-85; 1.85 GBq (= 50 milli
Curie); special safety source
I/O
digital
I/O
Analog output signals:
Measurement I-chamber
0/4 ... 20 mA or
Com2 Com1
2 Dust sampling 0/2 ... 10 V (selectable)
3 Suction chamber
4 Kr-85 gaseous source
Printer/computer connection:
5 Compensation chamber 1 Two V 24/RS 232 C serial
6 Compensation chamber 2 interfaces
7 Compensation I-chamber
3
 FH 62-1:
Single Beam Compensation

THE ECONOMICAL SOLUTION

The FH 62-1 utilizes as well as the

FH 62 I-R the radiometric principle of
beta-attenuation by an accumulated
dust layer. In contrary to the FH 62 I-R
it has a single beta beam. It is also
designed to measure the mass
concentration continuously and is a
low budget alternative.

Technical Data
Measuring range:
0 to 5,000 µg/m3 and
0 to 10,000 µg/m3
Detection limits:
typ. 7 µg/m3 (measured values)
typ. 5 µg/m3 (1/2 hour average)
typ. 3 µg/m3 ( 3 hour average)
typ. 1 µg/m3 (24 hour average)
Precision of 2 monitors:
2 µg/m3 (24 h)
Air flow rate:
0.6 - 1.4 m3/h (selectable)
Internal flow rate measurement and
control:
Stability < 1 %
Power supply:
100 V to 240 V:
50 to 60 Hz (± 10 %)
Operation Principle
Dimensions:
The operation principle corresponds to Good measurement stability is
Width: 483 mm (19")
the FH 62 I-R. The dust particles are achieved compensating air mass
Height: 310 mm (7 HU)
sampled on a filter (2) and beta changes in the active volume by
Depth: 320 (380) mm
particles in the measuring path (4-2-1) temperature and pressure sensors.
Weight: approx. 40 kg
are attenuated due to the increasing
Source:
dust layer.
Krypton-85; 1.85 GBq (=50 milli
Curie); special safety source
Analog output signals:
Two independent channels I meas
ADC RAM ext.

0/4 ... 20 mA or 0/2 ... 10 V DAC EEPROM

(selectable)
Com1

Printer/computer connection: 1
I comp
sensors
RS232

Two V 24/RS 232 C serial 2 CPU

Com2

Filter tape

interfaces 3
analog digital
4 I/O I/O

options LC-Display
&
1 Measurement I-chamber µg softkeys
µg/m3
2 Dust sampling
3 Suction chamber
4 Kr-85 gaseous source 'ESM Andersen Instruments'

4
Sampling Systems

AVOCS PUF

Ambient Volatile Organic Collection (PolyUrethane Foam) Sampling

System System
Andersen AVOCS collects whole The PUF Sampler is a complete air
ambient air samples for subsequent sampling system designed to
laboratory analysis of volatile organic simultaneously collect suspended
compounds (VOC's). The microprocessor airborne particulates as well as trap
controller provides a user-friendly airborne vapors at flow rates up to
interface, allowing maximum flexibility 280 liters per minute.
when selecting sampling options.
The Model GPS-1 features the latest in

Microprocessor control with RS 232 technological advances for accurately
standard. measuring airborne particulates and

Remote module activation and vapors. The PUF Sampler is equipped
programming. with a bypass blower motor arranged
with an independent cooling fan. This

Up to 17 separate sampling periods.
feature permits the motor to operate at

Capable of collecting multiple low sampling flow rates for extended
sequential samples into the same periods without motor failure from
canister. overheating.

Samples up to 16 canisters.
Optional 16 port auto valve system.

Samples can be segregated by wind
speed or direction (sector sampling).

Meets PAMS sampling
requirements of eight (3) hour
sampling periods totaling 24 hours,
into eight individual canisters.

User selectable flow rates with mass
flow control option.

Optional serial printer.

Quality assurance checks.

Air Sampling SUMMA Canisters

SUMMA Electropolished Stainless
Steel Canisters meet all requirements
of US EPA Compendium Method TO-
14. The canister meets EPA protocols
for collection of ambient volatile
organic compunds (VOC) ensuring long
term sample stability, even in the ppb
range. A 6 liter canister can be set for
flow rates of 2 up to 500 scc/min to
facilitate short or lengthy sampling
times ande ease of operation.

5
 Particulate Sampling
High Volume PM 10
and PM 2.5 Samplers
For accurate sampling of airborne
particulates, the PM 10 High Volume
Air Sampler is an EN 12341
Reference Sampler for the
measurement of PM 10 in ambient air.
PM 10 Size Selective High Volume Air
Sampling Systems are available with
either mass flow or volumetric flow
controllers, and with either brush or
brushless motors.
The High Volume Sampler is also
available with a PM 2.5 imlet.
6
l o w n o i s e
Ve r y
FH 95 Particulate Sampler
The universal particulate sampler is
the initial stage for the manual
measurement of the particulate mass
concentration, the black carbon Highlights
content or the chemical laboratory
analysis for inorganic and organic
Easy setup, operation and
substances contained in the particles. calibration.
Manual sampling with gravimetric
Accurate pressure and temperature
evaluation (balancing) is used as measurement.
reference method to calibrate diffe-
rent particulate monitors. The FH 95
Selectable thresholds for minimum
uses the same sophisticated air flow air flow.
measurement and control like the
Multi interval sampling.
ESM Particulate Monitors. Therefore
no errors due to a variation of the air
Time-saving filter exchange by
flow rate in the sampling system slider mechanism.
occur.
Suitable for different filter types.


5 versioilnasblae re
Multi language operation menue.

Storage of the last 10
measurements.
ava
Recording of power failures.
FH 95 E Particulate
Parameter and data memory.
Sampler - PM 2.5 µm
Automatic diagnostic with advanced
3
(1 m /h) US EPA reference microprocessor technology.
measurement (FRM),
Quality assurance with internal
EPA-Designation No. RFPS-1098-123 checkups and logbook feature.
Filter Exchange Mechanism for round
filter ( 47.8 mm)
Remote control possible.

Battery buffered memory and real-
FH 95 E Particulate time clock.
Sampler - PM 10 µm (1 m3/h)
Selectable analog data output.
FH 95 E - TSP -
Easy cleaning of the EPA WINS
Particulate Sampler (1 m3/h) 2.5 µm inlet.

Automated leakage test.
FH 95 K (2.6 m3/h) TSP -
Reference Particulate Sampler
Small Filter Device, according to
VDI 2463, Part 8
FH 95 K (2.3 m3/h) PM 10 -
Reference Particulate Sampler
Small Filter Device (2.3 m3/h) with
LVS-PM 10-European reference
method, 220 V/50 Hz, inlet according
to EN 12341 Annex B1

Sequential Particulate
Sampler FH 95 SEQ
The Sequential Particulate Sampler
FH 95 SEQ is designed for the manual
gravimetric mass concentration
determination of suspended particulate
in the ambient air or at working places
(indoor).
The sampled particulate mass is
determined by balancing the filter
before and after sampling. The
sampled particulate mass sufficient to
do chemical or radioactivity analyses.
The capacity with 16 filter cassettes
stacked in a magazine allow an
automated and accurate filter change.
At 24 hour samples the stand alone
operation time is 16 days or 14 days
(working with 2 empty filters).
The FH 95 SEQ Sampler has a
pressure and temperature compensated
probe to allow a precise measuring of
the air flow rate at ambient and
standard conditions. The air flow rate
(1 m3/h) is controlled by a rpm carbon
vane pump at a stability of about 1%.
Sequential Particulate Sampler
FH 95 SEQ (2.3 m3/h) with EU-PM-
10-small filter (LVS) device inlet.
Low Volume Sampler (LVS) with 16
filter cassettes.
Reference Sampler to the specification
of norm EN12341 at 2.3 m3/h
1. 2/2 valve for leakage test
2. Air flow regulation with
(RPM) speed regulated pump
Sampler output data:
Total volume (m3)
Standard volume (Nm3)
Average air flow (l/min)
Sigma (%) of the flow rate
PM2.5 Speciation Monitor
Features and Operation
The RAAS2.5 Fine Particulate
Chemical Speciciation Sampler is
particularly useful for emission
inventories, air quality mdel
evaluation, source emission analysis
and determining the success of
emission control programs. The
RAAS2.5-400 quantifies mass
concentrations and simultaneously
identifies significant fine particle
constituents including trace elements,
sulfates, nitrates, ammonium, carbon
and other tergeted species important to
loal and regional issues.
Operation
All RAAS2.5-400 components in
contact with the sample air stream are
either PTFE or glass lined. Each
sample collection flow path is
individually controlled by a critical
orifice downstream of the collection
components. Ambient air is drawn into
the RAAS2.5-400 through an omni
directional, wind speed insensitive
inlet. 48 liters per minute of sample
air is pulled into the system and
maintained at ambient temperature.
The airflow is then split equally into
two 24 liter per minute AIHL cyclones.
The cyclones remove particles larger
than 2.5 micrometers aerodynamic
diameter.
Each of the two airstreams enters a
manifold which directs the air into a
maximum of three separate and
distinct flow paths. The sum of the flow
rates for each manifold must total 24
liters per minute. Individual flow rates
are selectable for each manifold and
external filter samplers as for example
dichotomous samplers.
The RAAS2.5-400 utilizes the proven
microprocessor-based, menu driven
control and data recording system
common to the entire family of FRM
RAAS series samplers. The RAAS2.5-
400 monitors and records ambient,
manifold and enclosure temperatures,
barometric and pump vacuum
pressures, humidity, optional wind
speed, wind direction and flow rates
for each individual channel.
Leak checks and flow audits can be
performed at the main sample inlet
and upstream of each sample
collection stream. A standard
RAAS2.5 calibration kit accomplishes
calibration and audit requirements.
7
 ESM Inlets for Health Related
Sampling

The fraction of airborne particles

which is inhaled into a human body TSP - PM 10 - PM 2.5 -
depends on the properties of particles European PM-10 Reference Inlet
and the particle size. Inhaled particles
can be deposited somewhere in the ESM Andersen Instruments provides With special surface protection using
lung. They can cause damages close to size selctive inlets which can be an aluminium EMATAL surface,
the deposition site if the are corrosive, connected to all FH Sampling devices with special water separator and easy
carcinogenic, very small or capable of to fulfill the needs of health related exchangeable impactor baffle plate.
initiating some other type of damage. sampling. All inlets are designed for an
air flow rate of 1 m3/h (operational
ISO 7708 describes the particle size flow). The ESM monitors provide an
fraction definitions to be used for airflow control to operational
health-related sampling. conditions, therefore a stable cutpoint
and a stable measurement of a specific
health-related size fraction is achieved.
Size Selective Inlets
PM 10 ESM
They define the sampled particle size.
Air is drawn through these inlets in The PM 10 sampling inlet for
order to remove particles which exceed measuring the thoracic fraction of the
a specific aerodynamic diameter before suspended particulate (SPM) with an
exposing the filter to the air stream. aerodynamic diameter < 10 µm. DPM252301DP
Inlets are charcterized by sampling European PM 10 TÜV-Test Report PM 2.5 nozzle plate for a change of a
effectiveness curves. The curves are according EN 12341. DPM-10/2.3/01 into a PM 2.5 inlet
summarized by their 50% cutpoint DPM 2.5/2.3/01.
size, where half of the particles of that
size pass through the inlet and the DPM1010100PP
other half is deposited in the inlet.
Spare baffle plate (exchangeable).

Heated Sampling Tubes

The automatic measurement can be
100
disturbed by water condensation in the
sampling tube at foggy weather or high
Percentage of total airborne particles in convention

80
Healthy
adult
Inhalable convention absolute humidity in the summer. In
respirable
60
convention ESM heated sampling tubes the air
and particle temperature increases
40 smoothly over the complete tube length
’High risk’ Thoracic convention
respirable up to 2.5 m without overheating.
convention
20
DPM102301 Therefore a loss of
volatile components like
0
0 2 3 4 5 7 10 20 30 40 50 70 100
LVS-PM-10 reference sampling inlet ammonium salts (which
Aerodynamic diameter µm (2.3 m3/h) according to the European are converted in the
The inhalable, thoracic and respirable guideline EN 12341. gaseous phase above
conventions as percentages of total airborne
particles.
This EN reference method has to be 40 °C) is prevented.
used for quality check of all
PM 10 sample systems. These heatings can be
used in combination
with the ESM sampling
DPM1010100 inlets and the FH 62
PM 10 size selective inlet (1 m3/h) for monitors.
FH 62 Dust Monitors. Temperature selection
Same construction as the EN reference via operation menu or
inlet, but with 1 m3/h. interface.

8
MIE Optical Real Time
Monitors
personal DataRAM 1000
without Pump, Motor, Valves
– no Maintenance
– Mobile or Stationary
With a measurement range from 0.001
to 400 mg/m3 (auto-ranging), an
optically feedback-stabilized sensing
system, ultra-low power consumption
(negligible internal heating), and rigid
all-metal construction, the direct
reading personal aerosol monitor
personalDataRAM sets the standards
for sensitivity, long-term stability, and
reliability. These capabilities allow its
use in many applications where such
compact monitors were previously
considered unsuited.
Extremely Compact and
Rugged Design
Palm-sized, the pDR 1000 weighs only
0.5 kg (18 oz) and can be attached to
a belt or a shoulder strap, hand held,
operated on a table top, or mounted on
a tripod.
The personalDataRAM's rugged, yet
attractive, brushed extruded aluminum
case is designed to protect the unit's
optics and elecronics in even the
hashest industrial environments.
Passive Air Sampling is
Silent, Reliable And Economic.
Air surrounding the monitor circulates
freely through the open sensing
chamber by natural convection,
diffusion, and background air motion.
With this passive nephelometric
sampling method, concentration
measurements do not depend on the air
velocity through the sensing chamber.
12
10
d50 (µm)
6
4
2
0 2 4 6 8
Flow Rate (liters/minute)
with sharp, well defined particle
personal DataRAM 1200 separation characteristics. By
operating the pump at specific
for Active Air Sampling and sampling flow rates, the pDR-1200
Aerodynamic Sizing cyclone preseparator provides precisely
defined particle size cuts.
Designed for Size Selective
Particulate Monitoring Applications.
The personalDataRAM pDR-1200 is a
small, versatile, real-time aerosol
monitor for active sampling
applications. The pDR-1200 uses a
pump module (pDR-PU) or other
sampling pump to perform particle
size selective measurements. Compact,
lightweight, and easy to use, it is ideal
for respirable, thoracic, and PM 2.5
monitoring, as well as continuous
emission and test chamber monitoring.
With an isokinetic sampling set, the
pDR-1200 can be applied to stack and
duct extractive sampling/monitoring.
With optional inlet accessories, the
pDR-1200 can also be used for
ambient air measurements under
variable wind and high humidity
conditions.
The pDR-1200 provides all the
exceptional performance, advanced
features, and ease of use of the
following original personalDataRAM.
It offers unmatched measurement
precision and stability, data logging
and output versatility, ease of
programming (using a PC and included
software), rugged design, and
exceptionally low power consumption.
The real-time aerosol monitor
incorporates an optimally designed
metal cyclone (BGI Model GK 2.05)
9
 Black Carbon
and Stack
The Aethalometer
Real Time Aerosol Analyzing
The Aethalometer from Andersen
measures the "black" or "elemental"
carbon component of aerosols in
ambient air, indoor and occupational
environments. This spezies is a tracer
for combustion emissions and is a
major component of PM 2.5 in urban
areas. The self-contained instrument is
designed for automatic, unattended
monitoring in environments ranging
from urban settings to remote
locations. No consumables are required
other than a roll of quartz fiber tape,
average one roll per year.
The Aethalometer is based on two
decades of experience in the
measurement of optically-absorbing
aerosols, with hundreds of predecessor
units installed worldwide. Numerous
independent field studies have validated
the Aethalomter calibration against
standard chemical analysis.
Operation Principle
The Aethalometer collects the aerosol
on a quartz fiber tape and measures
the optical absorption continuously
while the aerosol spot accumulates.
Since "elemental" or "black" carbon is
the dominant optically absorbing
species in the atmosphere, the spot
blackness may be equated to a mass of
BC according to calibration performed
by intercomparisons with standard
chemical analysis techniques. The rate
of increase of optical absorption is due
to the mass of BC collected per time
base period, user selected from 2
seconds to 1 hour; combined with the
air flow rated measured by the mass
flow meter. Sample collection proceeds
on a 1 cm3 spot until a threshold
optical density is reached, at which
time the tape automatically advances.
The optical measurement is radiometric
and no external calibration materials
are required; filter tape is the only
material used. The instrument runs
automatically from power-up, recovers
10
from outages and
pre-sents data
directly as BC
concentration in µg/
m3.
Analytical
Performance
The Aethalometer
can detect an increment of less than 1 concentrations of 5 to 25 ug/m3. Time
nanogram of BC on the filter. At a flow base and air flow rate may be varied
rate of 4 SLPM and a time base of ten by the user to optimize sensitivity
minutes, this corresponds to a versus tabe use, with temporal
resolution of 0.025 ug/m3, to be resolution selectable from 1 hour down
compared with typical urban BC to 2 seconds.
The unique aspect of the instrument's
M 9096 "Mini" Stack operation is the flow control system
Sampler which maintains a fixed flowrate
through the system against increasing
The Andersen M 9096 Stack Train is a pressure drop as the filter collects the
revolutionary approach for low cost, particulate. This improves the accuracy
manual isokinetic sampling for of the overall isokinetic flow measure-
particulate. ment.
This easy-to-use system
fully complies with the
requirements of ISO 9096,
and BS 3405, and is self-
contained in a lightweight
weatherproof carrying
case. The M 9096
consists of a 47 mm in-
stack filter in various
configurations, extendible
modular probe assembly,
optional temperature/
pressure or velocity
meters, integral pump
and dry gas meter, drying
handle and a selection of
nozzles. All components
prior to filtration are
316 stainless steel.

Mark III In-Stack Cascade
Impactor
Andersen Mark III Stack Sampling
Head is designed to operate with
existing stack trains containing the
"EPA type" pitobe with only minor
modification to the pitobe.
Fractionating particles
aerodynamically in-stack provides
information that is not available with
other samplers. Such information
includes particle behavior after leaving
the stack, area of environmental
deposition, probable point of
respiratory deposition, type of control
equipment required to collect particles
and efficiency of existing control
equipment.
In-Stack Cascade Cyclone
Samplers
The Andersen In-Stack Cascade
Cyclone Samplers are in-stack, multi-
stage cyclones which easily attach to
EPA Method 5 or other stack sampling
probes and measure the complete size
distibution of particulate emissions.
The CASE-PM 10 and CASE-PM 2.5
are used to determine particulate
emissions at 10 and 2.5 microns by US
EPA Method 201A (PM 10) and the
Draft Method for PM 10 and PM 2.5.
This method applies to the
measurement of particulate matter at
an aerodynamic size of 10 or 2.5
microns by using in-stack cyclones
operated at a constant flow rate.
Samples are separated by the cyclones
and collected on a preweighed filter
media.
Andersen Impactors
fractionation ranges from 10.0 to 0.4
Eight Stage Non-Viable micrometers diameter. Particles too
Impactor small to be impacted on the last
collection plate are collected in the
Andersen Eight Stage Cascade backup filter.
Impactor is a multi-stage, multi-
orifice sampler designed to measure
the size distribution and mass Features
concentration leves of solid

Samples wet or dry particulates.
particulates and liquid aerosols
directly. Empirically proven with
Gravimetric analysis allows
over thirty years of data, only the reference method precision.
flowrate of Anderson Cascade

Ease of operation and calibration.
Impactors needs to be verified to

Particle bounce and wall losses
provide "calibrated performance".
virtually eliminated.
Andersen cascade impactors are
High mass collection and high flow
made up of classification stages rate.
consisting of a series of jets and

Gravimetric or chemical sample
impaction surfaces. At each stage,
analysis.
an aerosol stream passes through
the jets and impacts upon the
Stainless steel, glass or filter
surface. Particles in the aerosol substrates available.
stream with a large enough inertia
will settle upon the impaction plate,
smaller particles passing as aerosol
into the next jet stage. By designing
stages with higher aerosol jet
velocities, smaller diameter
particles are collected at each stage.
The particle size range collected at
each of the eight stages depends on
the je orifice velocity of the specific
stage, the distance between the
orifices and characteristics of the
preceding stage.
The combination of a constant flow
rate and successively smaller
diameter orifices increase the
velocity of sample air as it cascades
through the sampler, resulting in the
impaction of progressively smaller
particles in the succeeding stages.
At 28.3 lpm the particle
11
 Andersen Impactors and Cyclones
Marple 290 Personal
Cascade Impactor
The Andersen Marple 290 Personal
Cascade Impactor is the first precision
cascade impactor worn by the worker
giving complete, accurate aerodynamic
particle size distribution. Rugged
Series 290 impactors are compact and
lightweight with Andersen's patented
radial slot design, widely acclaimed for
accuracy, minimal internal losses and
absence of particle bounce.
Environmental Monitoring
ESM Andersen Instruments
ESM Andersen Instruments GmbH
Frauenauracher Strasse 96
D-91056 Erlangen / Germany
Phone: +49 91 31 909-202
Fax: +49 91 31 909-156
eMail: esm.andersen@esm-online.de
Internet: www.esm-online.de/andersen/
Postal address: P.O.B 1660 · D-91051 Erlangen / Germany
A Thermo Instrument Systems Company
Viable (Microbial) Samplers
Microbiological content of air has
become a significant environmental
concern as the need for
"contamination-free" air increases.
Viable particulate samplers are used to
collect airborne bacteria and fungi.
There are two constraints on all viable
particle samplers: the particle must be
separated from the air, and the ability
of the particle to reproduce must be
maintained. Andersen impactors
satisfy these constraints and have been
proven to be the most effcient for
collection of bioaerosols.
The collection and assessment of
aerosol samples is very simple. A petri
dish containing an agar medium
appropriate for the microorganisms
which may be encountered is placed in
the instrument and a sample of air is
drawn. The petri dish is then removed,
incubated, and counted by an accepted
method.
Available as 1, 2 or 6 stage version.
Please visit our
website
www.esm-
online.de/
andersen/
Features

NIOSH report confirms Andersen
Viable Impactors are most
accurate microbial samplers.

Low initial cost.

Simple operation.

Easy calibration.

Can be completely sanitized.

Based on the inertial impaction
principle, therefore very "sharp
cuts".

CFUs (colony forming units) easily
determined.

Only Andersen viable sampler have
verifiable flow rate (28.3 lpm).

Flow rate does not jeopardize
collected organisms.

Inlet Cones are Easy to Calibrate
and Give a More Representative
Sample
Microbial Sampling
Applications

Indoor air quality studies.

Pharmaceutical production.

Animal care laboratories.

Wastewater treatment plants.

Cosmetic manufacturing.

Filter and clean room efficiency
studies.

Brewery fermentation.

Food processing area.

Hospital environments.

Grain processing and
transportation.

Agricultural emissions.
3/6/00 · Subject to changes